Carlota Perez draws upon Schumpeter's theories of the clustering of innovations to explain why each technological revolution gives rise to a paradigm shift and a "New Economy" and how these "opportunity explosions", focused on specific industries, also lead to the recurrence of financial bubbles and crises. These findings are illustrated with examples from the past two centuries: the industrial revolution, the age of steam and railways, the age of steel and electricity, the emergence of mass production and automobiles, and the current information revolution/knowledge society. By analyzing the changing relationship between finance capital and production capital during the emergence, diffusion and assimilation of new technologies throughout the global economic system, this book sheds light on some of the most pressing economic problems of today.

    It covers the basics of computer programming, including variables and values, functions, conditionals and control flow, program development and debugging. Later chapters cover basic algorithms and data structures.

    These two have been the most distinguishing features of all the previous 6 editions of this book. Today's C programmer has to not only master the complexities and intricacies of the language but also has to contend with its usage in environments like Windows and Linux. This book covers all these three aspects of C Programming very well. This book doesn't assume any programming background. It begins with the basics and steadily builds the pace so that the reader finds it easy to handle complicated topics towards the end. Each chapter has been designed to create a deep and lasting impression on the reader's mind. "If taught through examples, any concept becomes easy to grasp". This book follows this dictum faithfully. Yashavant has crafted well thought out programming examples for every aspect of C Programming. Some of the highlighting features of the book are: Traditional C Programming: Pointers, Complete build process, Low-level File I/O, Structures, Unions, Bit-fields, Bitwise Operators, Creating Function Libraries; C Under Linux: Signals and Signal Handling; Blocking of Signals; Event Driven Programming; Process, PIDs, Zombies; Forking of Process; GNOME Programming Using GTK Library; C Under Windows: Windows Programming Model; Windows Messaging Architecture; Mouse Programming; Hardware Interaction; and Windows Hooks.

    Written in a frank but engaging style, Debuggingprovides simple, foolproof principles guaranteed to help find any bug quickly. This book makes those shelves of application-specific debugging books (on C++, Perl, Java, etc.) obsolete. It changes the way readers think about debugging, making those pesky problems suddenly much easier to find and fix. Illustrating the rules with real-life bug-detection war stories, the book shows readers how to: * Understand the system: how perceiving the ""roadmap"" can hasten your journey * Quit thinking and look: when hands-on investigation can’t be avoided * Isolate critical factors: why changing one element at a time can be an essential tool * Keep an audit trail: how keeping a record of the debugging process can win the day

    With the sophisticated algorithms in this book, you can write smart programs to access interesting datasets from other web sites, collect data from users of your own applications, and analyze and understand the data once you've found it.Programming Collective Intelligence takes you into the world of machine learning and statistics, and explains how to draw conclusions about user experience, marketing, personal tastes, and human behavior in general -- all from information that you and others collect every day. Each algorithm is described clearly and concisely with code that can immediately be used on your web site, blog, Wiki, or specialized application. This book explains:Collaborative filtering techniques that enable online retailers to recommend products or media Methods of clustering to detect groups of similar items in a large dataset Search engine features -- crawlers, indexers, query engines, and the PageRank algorithm Optimization algorithms that search millions of possible solutions to a problem and choose the best one Bayesian filtering, used in spam filters for classifying documents based on word types and other features Using decision trees not only to make predictions, but to model the way decisions are made Predicting numerical values rather than classifications to build price models Support vector machines to match people in online dating sites Non-negative matrix factorization to find the independent features in a dataset Evolving intelligence for problem solving -- how a computer develops its skill by improving its own code the more it plays a game Each chapter includes exercises for extending the algorithms to make them more powerful. Go beyond simple database-backed applications and put the wealth of Internet data to work for you. "Bravo! I cannot think of a better way for a developer to first learn these algorithms and methods, nor can I think of a better way for me (an old AI dog) to reinvigorate my knowledge of the details."-- Dan Russell, Google "Toby's book does a great job of breaking down the complex subject matter of machine-learning algorithms into practical, easy-to-understand examples that can be directly applied to analysis of social interaction across the Web today. If I had this book two years ago, it would have saved precious time going down some fruitless paths."-- Tim Wolters, CTO, Collective Intellect

    Healso discusses the social aspects of software and how free softwarecan create community and social justice.Given the current turmoil in copyright and patent laws, includingthe DMCA and proposed CBDTPA, these essays are more relevant thanever. Stallman tackles head-on the essential issues driving thecurrent changes in copyright law. He argues that for creativity toflourish, software must be free of inappropriate and overly-broadlegal constraints. Over the past twenty years his arguments andactions have changed the course of software history; this new book issure to impact the future of software and legal policies in the yearsto come.Lawrence Lessig, the author of two well-known books on similar topics,writes the introduction. He is a noted legal expert on copyright lawand a Stanford Law School professor.

    Understanding HTTP is essential for practically all web-based programming, design, analysis, and administration.While the basics of HTTP are elegantly simple, the protocol's advanced features are notoriously confusing, because they knit together complex technologies and terminology from many disciplines. This book clearly explains HTTP and these interrelated core technologies, in twenty-one logically organized chapters, backed up by hundreds of detailed illustrations and examples, and convenient reference appendices. HTTP: The Definitive Guide explains everything people need to use HTTP efficiently -- including the black arts and tricks of the trade -- in a concise and readable manner.In addition to explaining the basic HTTP features, syntax and guidelines, this book clarifies related, but often misunderstood topics, such as: TCP connection management, web proxy and cache architectures, web robots and robots.txt files, Basic and Digest authentication, secure HTTP transactions, entity body processing, internationalized content, and traffic redirection.Many technical professionals will benefit from this book. Internet architects and developers who need to design and develop software, IT professionals who need to understand Internet architectural components and interactions, multimedia designers who need to publish and host multimedia, performance engineers who need to optimize web performance, technical marketing professionals who need a clear picture of core web architectures and protocols, as well as untold numbers of students and hobbyists will all benefit from the knowledge packed in this volume.There are many books that explain how to use the Web, but this is the one that explains how the Web works. Written by experts with years of design and implementation experience, this book is the definitive technical bible that describes the why and the how of HTTP and web core technologies. HTTP: The Definitive Guide is an essential reference that no technically-inclined member of the Internet community should be without.

    This handy, well-organized quick reference condenses stacks of Perl documentation down to the most essential at-your-fingertips facts. For ease-of-use, convenience, and price, this little reference is the first place Perl programmers look when they need an answer quickly.The "Perl Pocket Referenc" provides a complete overview of the Perl programming language, all packed into a convenient, carry-around booklet. It is updated for Perl 5.8, and covers a summary of Perl syntax rules, a complete list of operators, built-in functions, and standard library modules, all with brief descriptions. Also included are the newest Perl features, such as enhanced regular expressions, multithreading, the Perl compiler, and Unicode support.The "Perl Pocket Reference," 4th Edition, is the perfect companion to the authoritative books on Perl published by O'Reilly & Associates: "Programming Perl," "Learning Perl," and the "Perl Cookbook." This pocket reference will never make it to the bookshelf--dog-eared and well worn, it will remain within arms reach of the keyboard or tucked in a back pocket, where it will be referred to on a daily basis.

    This jargon-free guide clarifies principles for applying copyright law to 21st-century education, discusses what is permissible in the classroom, and explores the fair use of digital materials.

    Something radically new--an extraordinary rarity in musical culture--it was an instrument that used a genuinely new source of sound: electronics. How this came to be--how an engineering student at Cornell and an avant-garde musician working out of a storefront in California set this revolution in motion--is the story told for the first time in "Analog Days," a book that explores the invention of the synthesizer and its impact on popular culture.The authors take us back to the heady days of the 1960s and early 1970s, when the technology was analog, the synthesizer was an experimental instrument, and synthesizer concerts could and did turn into happenings. Interviews with the pioneers who determined what the synthesizer would be and how it would be used--from inventors Robert Moog and Don Buchla to musicians like Brian Eno, Pete Townshend, and Keith Emerson--recapture their visions of the future of electronic music and a new world of sound.Tracing the development of the Moog synthesizer from its initial conception to its ascension to stardom in "Switched-On Bach," from its contribution to the San Francisco psychedelic sound, to its wholesale adoption by the worlds of film and advertising, "Analog Days" conveys the excitement, uncertainties, and unexpected consequences of a new technology that would provide the soundtrack for a critical chapter of our cultural history.

    This once highly classified program is fully revealed through the words of pilots, commanders, mechanics, and instructors involved in the Blackbird's creation and flight-testing. From grueling reconnaissance missions to the Persian Gulf conflict, this insightful book tells stories of bravery and daring determination.

    But what about Philo T. Farnsworth, the inventor of television, an innovation that did as much as any other to shape the twentieth century? That question lies at the heart of The Boy Genius and the Mogul, Daniel Stashower's captivating chronicle of television's true inventor, the battle he faced to capitalize on his breakthrough, and the powerful forces that resulted in the collapse of his dreams.The son of a Mormon farmer, Farnsworth was born in 1906 in a single-room log cabin on an isolated homestead in Utah. The Farnsworth family farm had no radio, no telephone, and no electricity. Yet, motivated by the stories of scientists and inventors he read about in the science magazines of the day, young Philo set his sights on becoming an inventor. By his early teens, Farnsworth had become an inveterate tinkerer, able to repair broken farm equipment when no one else could. It was inevitable that when he read an article about a new idea -- for the transmission of pictures by radio waves--that he would want to attempt it himself. One day while he was walking through a hay field, Farnsworth took note of the straight, parallel lines of the furrows and envisioned a system of scanning a visual image line by line and transmitting it to a remote screen. He soon sketched a diagram for an early television camera tube. It was 1921 and Farnsworth was only fourteen years old.Farnsworth went on to college to pursue his studies of electrical engineering but was forced to quit after two years due to the death of his father. Even so, he soon managed to persuade a group of California investors to set him up in his own research lab where, in 1927, he produced the first all-electronic television image and later patented his invention. While Farnsworth's invention was a landmark, it was also the beginning of a struggle against an immense corporate power that would consume much of his life. That corporate power was embodied by a legendary media mogul, RCA President and NBC founder David Sarnoff, who claimed that his chief scientist had invented a mechanism for television prior to Farnsworth's. Thus the boy genius and the mogul were locked in a confrontation over who would control the future of television technology and the vast fortune it represented. Farnsworth was enormously outmatched by the media baron and his army of lawyers and public relations people, and, by the 1940s, Farnsworth would be virtually forgotten as television's actual inventor, while Sarnoff and his chief scientist would receive the credit. Restoring Farnsworth to his rightful place in history, The Boy Genius and the Mogul presents a vivid portrait of a self-taught scientist whose brilliance allowed him to "capture light in a bottle." A rich and dramatic story of one man’s perseverance and the remarkable events leading up to the launch of television as we know it, The Boy Genius and the Mogul shines new light on a major turning point in American history.From the Hardcover edition.

    The editors of Air & Space/Smithsonian magazine wrote all of the people who have flown on the Space Shuttle since 1981 with a simple request: Tell us your best stories. The astronauts' fascinating and candid responses reveal the drama of the Shuttle experience, from launch to landing, like no other book has to date. More than 300 stunning pictures selected from deep in the NASA archives, most have never been published. Personal anecdotes drawn from written submissions or original interviews with 77 Shuttle astronauts. Historical section highlights in words and pictures the greatest accomplishments of the Shuttle's first two decades. Complete with brief descriptions of all 103 flights from April 1981 to April 2001, Space Shuttle includes a foreword written by astronaut Jim Lovell, who was portrayed by Tom Hanks in the film Apollo 13.

    You can think of Python as your tool to solve problems that are far beyond the capability of a spreadsheet. It is an easy-to-use and easy-to learn programming language that is freely available on Windows, Macintosh, and Linux computers. There are free downloadable copies of this book in various electronic formats and a self-paced free online course where you can explore the course materials. All the supporting materials for the book are available under open and remixable licenses. This book is designed to teach people to program even if they have no prior experience.

    This book also features other advanced techniques from research efforts that extend beyond ILP to exploit thread-level parallelism (TLP).

    41 illustrations.

    He uses Analog Devices' popular DSP chip family as design examples.Covers all major DSP topicsFull of insider information and shortcutsBasic techniques and algorithms explained without complex numbers

    But the theoretical and practical foundations for cybernetics, control engineering, and digital computing were laid earlier, between the two world wars. In Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics, David A. Mindell shows how the modern sciences of systems emerged from disparate engineering cultures and their convergence during World War II.Mindell examines four different arenas of control systems research in the United States between the world wars: naval fire control, the Sperry Gyroscope Company, the Bell Telephone Laboratories, and Vannevar Bush's laboratory at MIT. Each of these institutional sites had unique technical problems, organizational imperatives, and working environments, and each fostered a distinct engineering culture. Each also developed technologies to represent the world in a machine.At the beginning of World War II, President Roosevelt established the National Defense Research Committee, one division of which was devoted to control systems. Mindell shows how the NDRC brought together representatives from the four pre-war engineering cultures, and how its projects synthesized conceptions of control, communications, and computing. By the time Wiener articulated his vision, these ideas were already suffusing through engineering. They would profoundly influence the digital world.As a new way to conceptualize the history of computing, this book will be of great interest to historians of science, technology, and culture, as well as computer scientists and theorists. Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics

    The author uses the concept of MOV, combined with his own research, to create a solid foundation for making decisions throughout the project's lifecycle. The book's integration of project management and IT concepts provides students with the tools and techniques they need to develop in this field.

    They dared call:The Bastard Operator from Hell

    

    Lucas is a network/security engineer with extensive experience working with high-availability systems. He is the author of the critically acclaimed Absolute BSD, Absolute OpenBSD, Cisco Routers for the Desperate, and PGP & GPG, all from No Starch Press.

    Sundman and The Pains by John Compton Sundman. While ostensibly telling the story of the inaugural Hofstadeter Prize for Machine-Written Narrative, Cheap Complex Devices tells the story of an entity coming to awareness. What is that entity? Is it Todd Griffith, the chip designer with bullet in his brain from the novel Acts of the Apostles? Is it a bee, or a swarm or bees, a Shaker village or a very buggy floating point processor? There is ample evidence to support any of these hypotheses. Or is it, possibly, the mythical meta-character named "Sundman"? Read the book and form your own opinions.Acts of the Apostles is a Bourne-Identity style thriller about nanomachines, neurobiology, Gulf War Syndrome and a Silicon Valley messiah. It tells how Todd Griffith, a chip designer, gets a bullet in the head after successfully debugging a race condition in the Kali chip. In Cheap Complex Devices, Todd's situation is looked at from a different angle. Some people even think that Todd himself, or his consciousness transferred into a bug-riddled computer, is the real author of Cheap Complex Devices.The Pains is a lavishly illustrated dystopian phantasmagoria set in a universe that is part George Orwell's 1984 and part Ronald Reagan's 1984. It tells the story of Mr. Norman Lux, a sincere young monk beset with bewildering maladies that seem somehow chaotically connected to the fate of the world. Some people have observed that Mr. Lux's condition is markedly similar to that of an electron in a race condition in a buggy chip -- perhaps the one Todd Griffith was designing when he was shot? Or the one in which his thoughts are now imprisoned?

    

    A stunningly illustrated and evocative celebration of flight, from the first pioneering aviators to 21st century air travel Tells the dramatic and inspiring story of the people, technology, and events that made aviation history Features more than 350 archive and contemporary photographs and color profile artworks

    The abdominal muscles, stomach, and waistline are targeted in this unique book and DVD combo, featuring the best exercises, the best nutrition plan, and the best training schedule out there.The invigorating 14-day program includes a follow-along DVD to jumpstart the break-in workout. Combining traditional and trendy exercises, this book uses the periodization principle to teach a quick, easy way to burn body fat and create a slender but toned waist. Inside you’ll find:• just-for-women features like a focus on reducing body fat and motivation techniques• dozens of specially selected abdominal exercises, from traditional crunches to stability and medicine balls• an all-new 30-minute follow-along DVD to keep you motivatedThe Body Sculpting Bible for Abs: Women’s Edition has everything that made the original editions so popular, without the gimmicks, diet pills, or gadgets.

    Includes Unopened Resource CD and Video Clips

    It is written by one of the most respected authors in the aerospace world. John D. Anderson Jr. is curator for aerodynamics at the National Air and Space Museum, Professor Emeritus, Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Maryland, and the author of several world-renowned textbooks. Contrary to popular belief, the Wright brothers did not invent the airplane; rather they invented the first successful airplane. The concept of the airplane was invented a hundred years earlier, and the Wrights inherited a century's worth of prior aeronautical research and development. The Wrights did not work in a vacuum; they admitted that they "worked on the shoulders of giants." Indeed, if Orville and Wilbur had not entered the field of aeronautics, and their momentous flight on 17 December 1903 had not taken place, the first successful airplane would have been invented by someone else within the decade. The time was right. The Wrights were the right people at the right time. Just what aeronautical technology did the Wrights inherit from their predecessors? How much was right? How much was wrong? Who were the major players in the development of this technology and why? This book will answer those questions. It is a history of the technology of the airplane, written with the nontechnical reader in mind, but telling a story that the technical reader can also enjoy. This history begins centuries before the Wright brothers and takes us to the present day. Technical and nontechnical readers alike will find this book fascinating reading.

    Although it looks in some detail at the workings of the CLR, the focus throughout the book is on the practical information needed to write applications that get the most out of .NET.

    The author's purpose is to provide a standard reference to all work that has been published since the mid-1970s and to link this work together in a single conceptual framework and a single notational formalism. A working knowledge of basic general relativity is assumed. The book will be essential reading for researchers and postgraduate students in mathematics, theoretical physics, and astronomy interested in cosmic strings.

    The book is organized by subsystem, each presented in visual terms and explained using vivid metaphors. It breaks the information into manageable parts that can be presented, explained, and mastered.KEY TOPICS: By using case studies and an extremely reader-friendly manner to illustrate complex ideas and concepts, the book covers the basics of systems programming, users, files and manuals, how to read a directory, using 1S, writing PWD, studying STTY, writing a video game, studying SH, environment and shell variables, I/O redirection and pipes, servers and sockets, writing a web server, license servers, and concurrent functions. MARKET: For Unix system administrators and programmers, network programmers, and others who have used other operating systems and need to learn Unix programming to expand their skill sets.

    Kittler begins by looking at European painting since the Renaissance in order to discern the principles according to which modern optical perception was organized. He also discusses the development of various mechanical devices, such as the camera obscura and the laterna magica, which were closely connected to the printing press and which played a pivotal role in the media war between the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation. After examining this history, Kittler then addresses the ways in which images were first stored and made to move, through the development of photography and film. He discusses the competitive relationship between photography and painting as well as between film and theater, as innovations like the Baroque proscenium or picture-frame stage evolved from elements that would later constitute cinema. The central question, however, is the impact of film on the ancient monopoly of writing, as it not only provoked new forms of competition for novelists but also fundamentally altered the status of books. In the final section, Kittler examines the development of electrical telecommunications and electronic image processing from television to computer simulations.In short, this book provides a comprehensive introduction to the history of image production that is indispensable for anyone wishing to understand the prevailing audiovisual conditions of contemporary culture.

    Understanding the principles on which it is based is an important topic that requires a knowledge of both computational complexity and a range of topics in pure mathematics. This book provides that knowledge, combining an informal style with strong proofs of the key results to provide an accessible introduction. It includes many examples and exercises, and is based on a highly successful course developed and taught over many years.

    Now, with O'Reilly's "Networking CD Bookshelf, Version 2.0, you can have the same convenient online access to your favorite O'Reilly books--all from your CD-ROM drive. We've packed seven of our best-selling guides onto this CD-ROM, giving you 4,016 pages of O'Reilly references and tutorials --fully searchable and cross-referenced, so you can search either the individual index for each book or the master index for the entire collection. Included are the complete, unabridged versions of these popular titles:"TCP/IP Network Administration, 3rd EditionDNS & Bind, 4th EditionBuilding Internet Firewalls, 2nd EditionSSH, The Secure Shell: The Definitive GuideNetwork Troubleshooting ToolsManaging NFS & NIS, 2nd EditionEssential SNMPAs a bonus, you also get the new paperback version of "TCP/IP Network Administration, 3rd Edition.Now it's easier than ever to find what you need to know about managing, administering, and protecting networks. This unique CD-ROM is a dream come true for network and system administrators--potent combination of books that offers unprecedented power and flexibility in this ever-expanding field. Formatted in HTML, "The Networking CD Bookshelf, Version 2.0, can be accessed with any web browser, so you have a complete library of technical books that you can carry with you anywhere you need it. No other resource makes so much valuable information so easy to find and so convenient to use.

    In this collection of personal stories, 77 space shuttle astronauts share their recollections of living and working on board the world's only reusable spaceship.

    Fans can easily reference their favorite BattleBot, see its picture, and read a list of interesting facts and information.Over 50 of the most well-known and most winning BattleBots are featured. Facts listed include weapon power, drive power, special features, and more.

    The sloop-of-war was known worldwide for her phenomenally destructive campaign against Union shipping that extended from coastal Texas to Cape Town, South Africa. Winning prizes estimated at $6 million, the ship was eventually tracked down and sunk off the coast of Cherbourg by the USS Kearsarge. Despite enduring interest in the ship, many details of her structure and fitting are still a matter of debate. The ship's clandestine construction and delayed arming produced often contradictory evidence. For this book, the author sifted through every known contemporary photograph, painting, model, and plan to produce the most detailed set of drawings of the Alabama ever published. With more than 250 illustrations, plans, and line drawings, the work will delight naval historians, Civil War enthusiasts, and model-makers alike.

    Discussing these design techniques from a circuit designer's point of view, CMOS is an advanced guide to mixed-signal circuit design that will bring designers rapidly up to speed. This new edition features additional examples and more, smaller chapters to make the information more accessible to graduate students as well as professionals who want to improve their skills in this area. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

    Cyberspace culture is itself cross-disciplinary: this book includes texts from a variety of fields concerned with cyberspace - science, complexity theory, philosophy and metaphysics, sexual politics, art and architecture as well as science fiction - illustrating how these different disciplines inform one another, providing an illuminating and original collection of key extracts from books and essays on the subject.

    This tutorial helps you master the basics and them move on to the more advanced features and concepts. It gives you expert tips on implementing C in the corporate environment, improves your understanding of the fundamentals of C, and teaches you the advanced features that C offers. Full description

    Not only does author David Cook assist you in understanding the component parts of robot development, but he also presents valuable techniques that prepare you to make new discoveries on your own.Cook begins with the anatomy of a homemade robot and gives you the best advice on how to proceed successfully. General sources for tools and parts are provided in a consolidated list, and specific parts are recommended throughout the book. Also, basic safety precautions and essential measuring and numbering systems are promoted throughout.Specific tools and parts covered include digital multimeters, motors, wheels, resistors, LEDs, photoresistors, transistors, chips, gears, nut drivers, batteries, and more. "Robot Building for Beginners" is an inspiring book that provides an essential base of practical knowledge for anyone getting started in amateur robotics.

    Version 3.0 of O'Reilly's Perl CD Bookshelf gives you convenient online access to your favorite books from your CD-ROM drive. We've updated this best selling product with the electronic versions of 7 popular Perl books. Included are the second edition of Perl in a Nutshell (paperback version included), the third editions of Learning Perl and Programming Perl, the Perl Cookbook, and 3 new titles: Perl & XML, Perl & LWP, and Mastering Perl/Tk.In addition to the reference material and tutorials in Programming Perl and Learning Perl, many of the most popular and useful applications for Perl are covered in these seven books. Many XML programmers are turning to Perl as a language for XML processing because of its text-processing features and the many powerful modules designed for XML development. LWP is the most downloaded Perl distribution in all of CPAN (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network). Perl/Tk is the most mature toolkit, has a wide community of experienced users, and is easy to use for building applications.Never has it been easier to learn, or look up, what you need to know online. Formatted in HTML, The Perl CD Bookshelf, Version 3.0, can be accessed with any web browser. The books are fully searchable and cross-referenced. In addition to individual indexes for each book, there is a master index for the entire library. With the CD Bookshelf, you get a complete Perl library that you can easily carry with you anywhere you need it.

    And they wouldn't eat so well: we can thank the Golden State for such goodies as Popsicles, McDonald's hamburgers, canned tuna fish, and even fortune cookies. And they would probably be working and learning a little more slowly if Silicon Valley, the birthplace of the personal computer, didn't exist. Now, if you just let go of your computer mouse, put down your martini, and slip into your Jacuzzi (all California originals), you'll enjoy learning about some other California "firsts." Technology, aviation, transportation, religion, fashion, entertainment--California has produced firsts in all of these areas, and many more. And most of the developments have taken place only since the mid-19th century --another golden achievement for the Golden State.

    

    Essential System Administration provides a clear, concise, practical guide to the real-world issues that anyone responsible for a Unix system faces daily.The new edition of this indispensable reference has been fully updated for all the latest operating systems. Even more importantly, it has been extensively revised and expanded to consider the current system administrative topics that administrators need most. Essential System Administration,3rd Edition covers: DHCP, USB devices, the latest automation tools, SNMP and network management, LDAP, PAM, and recent security tools and techniques.Essential System Administration is comprehensive. But what has made this book the guide system administrators turn to over and over again is not just the sheer volume of valuable information it provides, but the clear, useful way the information is presented. It discusses the underlying higher-level concepts, but it also provides the details of the procedures needed to carry them out. It is not organized around the features of the Unix operating system, but around the various facets of a system administrator's job. It describes all the usual administrative tools that Unix provides, but it also shows how to use them intelligently and efficiently.Whether you use a standalone Unix system, routinely provide administrative support for a larger shared system, or just want an understanding of basic administrative functions, Essential System Administration is for you. This comprehensive and invaluable book combines the author's years of practical experience with technical expertise to help you manage Unix systems as productively and painlessly as possible.

    From automated punch-card calculators to the first personal computers such as the Apple II and Commodore 64, to today's Sony Vaios and PowerBook G4s, the computer has undergone an amazing, rapid evolution in its brief history. Can you believe the computer's first input device was a light pen used to select a symbol on the screen? And that computer keyboards were preceded by teletypewriters? The progress we've witnessed in our lifetimes is mind-boggling. The struggle for the best interface, the greatest design, and the fastest processor have resulted in computers of a size, power, capability and use that were unfathomable only a few decades ago. Discover the fascinating history of computers, interfaces, and computer design in this illustrated guide that includes pictures of nearly every computer ever made, an informative text describing the computer's evolution up to the present day, and an A-Z index of the most influential computer firms. **special horizontal format, laptop-style

    Current DBMSs provide essentially no temporal features at all, but this situation is likely to change soon for a variety of reasons; in fact, temporal databases are virtually certain to become important sooner rather than later, in the commercial world as well as in academia. This book provides an in-depth description of the foundations and principles on which those temporal DBMSs will be built. These foundations and principles are firmly rooted in the relational model of data; thus, they represent an evolutionary step, not a revolutionary one, and they will stand the test of time.

    For those who work with analog RF, this book is a must-have resource. With computers and networking equipment of the 21st century running at such high frequencies, it is now crucial for digital designers to understand electromagnetic fields, radiation and transmission lines. This knowledge is necessary for maintaining signal integrity and achieving EMC compliance. Since many digital designers are lacking in analog design skills, let alone electromagnetics, an easy-to-read but informative book on electromagnetic topics should be considered a welcome addition to their professional libraries.

    Looking at fatal celebrity car accidents and other examples of death by automobile through personal memoir and forensic reports, cultural critics ponder people's fascination with car crashes. They explore car crash conspiracy theories, the automobile as a site of murder, car crash films, and the notion of the "accident." The book features original essays by such underground icons as Kenneth Anger and Adam Parfrey. Essays cover the deaths of Albert Camus, Jackson Pollock, James Dean, Jayne Mansfield, Princess Diana, Princess Grace, and Mary Jo Kopechine, amongst others.

    The book collects essays and images, in colour and black-and-white, presenting the image of the cyborg in all its imaginative guises. The title is from a 1919 essay by Sigmund Freud (and included in the book), which deals with the sensation of "uncanniness" as being strange and familiar at the same time. The idea of the cyborg has been in existence for decades, and is one of the most persistent cultural images of the past century. The cyborg is a cypher—an enigmatic image of figure that is human but not human, a machine but not a machine. It exists at the intersection of science, technology, and culture. For some, the cyborg is evident in the massive presence of technology; we are constantly aided by machines, whether they are computers, vehicles, or military weapons that extend and amplify our presence in the natural world, or by medical prosthetics, such as pacemakers, artificial limbs, and eyeglasses, that maintain and reinforce our existing physical body. How is one to understand the persistence of this image in the visual arts and popular culture, in science and literature, medicine and cultural theory? This book, in its essays and images, presents the cyborg as an "uncanny" image that reflects our shared fascination and dread of the machine and its presence in our daily lives. The Uncanny complemented a major exhibition at the Vancouver Art Gallery. The book suggests a significant link between the visual arts and popular culture in the evolving representation of the cyborg, beginning as early is the 19th century. A copublication with the Vancouver Art Gallery, The Uncanny is a thoughtful and beautifully presented examination of cyborg culture that will help to define our sense of self as we forge ahead into the uncertain future. Essays by: Sigmund Freud ("The Uncanny"), William Gibson (an excerpt from "Neuromancer"), Donna Haraway ("A Manifesto For Cyborgs"), and Toshiya Ueno ("Japanimation and Techno-Orientalism"). Includes 32 full-color photographs and numerous black and white images. Winner, Canadian Museum Association Award, Best Publication.

    The book argues that the conduct of an RMA has to be examined as a form of strategic behaviour, which means that, of necessity, it must work as strategy works. The great RMA debate of the 1990s is reviewed empathetically, though sceptically, by the author, with every major school of thought allowed its day in court.The author presents three historical RMAs as case studies for his argument: those arguably revealed in the wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon; in World War I; and in the nuclear age. The focus of his analysis is how these grand RMAs functioned strategically. The conclusions that he draws from these empirical exercises are then applied to help us understand what, indeed, is - and what is not - happening with the much vaunted information-technology-led RMA of today.

    As powerful and flexible as it is lightweight and efficient, MySQL packs a large feature set into a very small and fast engine that now runs on more than 500,000 servers. This renowned online manual that has supported MySQL administrators and database developers for years is now available in paperback format. This book is an exact reproduction of the MySQL Reference Manual from the MySQL development team's Web site, minus some non-technical appendices. This version covers MySQL 4.0.Many sophisticated topics appear in this comprehensive manual, ranging from the hitches you may run into when first installing MySQL to internals that will help you tune your queries. MySQL Reference Manual contains all the comprehensive reference material one would expect for building the product, running administrative utilities, and using various API as well as MySQL's rich version of SQL. In addition, you can turn a page and find such unexpected riches as:A thorough comparison of MySQL with SQL standards and other databases A discussion of privileges and suggested uses of privileges to enhance security Directions for replicating a database and for running several MySQL servers on a single system Directions for initializing a database from a flat file Guidelines for estimating the performance of different queries A far-reaching discussion of optimization, with reference to the implementation of MySQL Investigations of the differences between data types and the pros and cons of each type of number, string, or timestamp An extended inquiry into the effects of using delayed inserts A candid explanation of why various errors occur and how to recover from them Tips for weighted, full-text searches Detailed descriptions of the features, strengths, and weaknesses of available table formats A guide to adding new functions to MySQL No serious MySQL user should be without this book.

    Gerald Markowitz and David Rosner pursued evidence steadily and relentlessly, interviewed the important players, investigated untapped sources, and uncovered a bruising story of cynical and cruel disregard for health and human rights. This resulting exposé is full of startling revelations, provocative arguments, and disturbing conclusions--all based on remarkable research and information gleaned from secret industry documents.This book reveals for the first time the public relations campaign that the lead industry undertook to convince Americans to use its deadly product to paint walls, toys, furniture, and other objects in America's homes, despite a wealth of information that children were at risk for serious brain damage and death from ingesting this poison. This book highlights the immediate dangers ordinary citizens face because of the relentless failure of industrial polluters to warn, inform, and protect their workers and neighbors. It offers a historical analysis of how corporate control over scientific research has undermined the process of proving the links between toxic chemicals and disease. The authors also describe the wisdom, courage, and determination of workers and community members who continue to voice their concerns in spite of vicious opposition. Readable, pathbreaking, and revelatory, Deceit and Denial provides crucial answers to questions of dangerous environmental degradation, escalating corporate greed, and governmental disregard for its citizens' safety and health.

    This book provides coverage of all of the program's features which include a revamped interface, enhanced integration with Macromedia ColdFusion, dual authoring modes for designers and developers, and more.

    An exploration of domestic lighting from the middle ages to the 1990s, ranging from the practical considerations to the influence of lighting upon the clothes people wore and the way that they furnished their houses.

    They grasp the basic concepts, but find that writing effective use cases turns out to be more difficult than they expected. One factor contributing to this difficulty is that the community lacks objective criteria for judging the quality of use cases. This new book articulates the qualities of effective use cases by applying the proven patterns concept of development to this requirements-gathering technique. The authors present a catalog of thirty-six patterns that help the reader become proficient at judging the quality of their (and other's) patterns. These patterns represent solutions to recurring problems that application developers have faced in writing use cases. Each pattern is presented with examples that help the reader understand the benefit of the pattern, and just as importantly, the consequences of ignoring its proper use.

    It contains a fascinating collection of articles by some of the top names in the field, such as Elwyn Berlekamp and John Conway, plus other researchers in mathematics and computer science, together with some top game players. The articles run the gamut from new theoretical approaches (infinite games, generalizations of game values, 2-player cellular automata, Alpha-Beta pruning under partial orders) to the very latest in some of the hottest games (Amazons, Chomp, Dot-and-Boxes, Go, Chess, Hex). Many of these advances reflect the interplay of the computer science and the mathematics. The book ends with an updated bibliography by A. Fraenkel and an updated and annotated list of combinatorial game theory problems by R. K. Guy.

    A central theme of this book is that many instances of pattern formation can be understood within a single framework: symmetry. This book applies symmetry methods to increasingly complex kinds of dynamic behavior: equilibria, period-doubling, time-periodic states, homoclinic and heteroclinic orbits, and chaos. Examples are drawn from both ODEs and PDEs. In each case the type of dynamical behavior being studied is motivated through applications, drawn from a wide variety of scientific disciplines ranging from theoretical physics to evolutionary biology.

    While appealing to the same broad audience of intermediate C++ programmers, this book has a completely different approach. The author presents 99 "gotchas" - common and preventable problems in C++ programming and design. The gotchas run the gamut from minor syntactic annoyances to basic design flaws to psychological behavior. The material has been selected based on the author's extensive experience presenting gotchas in his training classes, speaking engagements, and magazine articles. By learning the lessons in this book C++ programmers will save themselves much time and wasted effort. C++ Gotchas is destined to become an invaluable reference to many programmers.

    It contains materials on political theory, but the emphasis has shifted to reflect a growing interest in the fields of technology and cultural studies.

    Within this vast community more and more web professionals are moving in-house, and the boundaries between specialized skill sets is becoming increasingly blurred.The new web professionals don't get time off to polish their skills; they're constantly running to chase deadlines.Little information is currently available to help this rapidly developing market: the new web professional doesn't want (or have time for) a 1200 page tome on a specific programming language, and they don't need a glossy book that will get their work shown in an art gallery. They want solutions. glasshaus provides them.Everything you need to know in one book about how to construct an accessible site, or reconstruct an existing one to make it accessible.-- This is the first book specifically addressing US, UK, EC and Australianweb disability legislation. It is the one-step guide to anti-lawsuit peace of mind, with compliancy checklists.-- It encompasses both visual design, and coding techniques, using JavaScript, SMIL, XML, CSS, HTML and others. No prior knowledge of any of these technologies is required.-- This book is for anyone who owns or makes web sites: from the freelance web professional to the corporate in-house design and development department, as well as all companies and organizations that provide web-based services to the public.Accessibility is about: making web site accessible to those with visual, aural or physical disabilities i.e constructing a web site that doesn't exclude those people from accessing the content or services being provided. Web designers/developers and businesses need to understand what accessibility means to their web sites and their online business.

    By using technology as a backdrop to entertain, amaze, and engage viewers, TechTV is the lifestyle network that showcases how the trends, products, and events enhance our lives. This title offers a glimpse at the trends and technologies that shape our lives.

    Now every wireless message, wireless phone call, online transaction, and email is encrypted at one end and decrypted at the other. "Crypto" is part of the job description for network designers, network engineers, and telecom developers. If you need cryptography basics--but dread the thick tomes that are your only other option--help is at hand. Cryptography Demystified puts the fundamentals into a 35-module, learn-by-doing package that's actually fun to use.You must read this book if--* You prefer your simplifications from an expert who understands the complexities * 6 years of success as a short course for students and professionals works for you* you enjoy hearing the phrase "nothing to memorize" * ecommerce, email, network security, or wireless communications is part of your bailiwick* cracking cryptography means a jump up the career ladder* the words "public-key cryptography," "channel-based cryptography," and "prime numbers" pique your interest * best-practices cryptography is the only secure way for you--and your company--to goOne of the most complex subjects in Information Technology, cryptography gets its due in this down-to-earth, self-teaching tutorial--the first to make the basics of the science truly accessible.

    By integrating the flows of information, materials, technology, and resources in a supply chain, a system of creating value for the end customer can be created.

    It argues that technology gives its benefits differentially, depending on such critical social issues as race, gender, and class. Topics in this provocative analysis include the social construction of technology, the status of women, reproductive technology, office technology, household technology, the myth of progress, and implications for social change. A provocative read for anyone interested in women's issues with regard to household, workplace, and reproductive technological breakthroughs.

    It is heavily illustrated by pictures of surviving objects and contemporary representations of medieval work. Each industry is approached by material (amongst others stone, tin, lead, copper, iron, brick, glass, leather, bone and wood), discussing its acquisition, working and sale as a finished product. The contributors are the leading experts in their fields. They describe the specialist work that went to make the housing, clothing, tools, vessels and ornaments of medieval people. A general bibliography provides a valuable reference tool.

    This includes computer scientists; industrial, electrical, and computer engineers; cognitive scientists; experimental psychologists; human factors professionals; interface and systems designers; product managers; and executives working with product development.This new Handbook offers a comprehensive compendium of foundational principles, as well as the most recent advances in conceptualizing, designing, and evaluating computing technologies. It spans a variety of traditional and non-traditional platforms, including desktop and mobile computing, networked and virtual environments, and information appliances. In addition, the volume offers thorough coverage of interaction issues concerning diverse users, including men; women; children; the elderly; and those with cognitive, physical, and perceptual impairments. Another unique feature of this new Handbook is that HCI is presented in the context of special application domains, such as e-commerce, telecommunication, government, health care, educational software, entertainment, games, motor vehicles, and aerospace.In this volume, an unprecedented number of top experts in the field of HCI share their expertise, experience, and insight regarding research, technological advancements, and specific methodologies in the field of human-computer interaction.

    What does it mean to be embodied online? What are the conditions of cybersubjectivity? In Material Virtualities, Jenny Sunden explores the rarely acknowledged borderland between typists and textual bodies, speaking and writing, and physicality and imagination in online encounters. Through careful ethnographic investigations of a text-based virtual world called WaterMOO, Sunden shows how texts, bodies, and machines are linked together in ways that demand a new understanding of the writing subject. Drawing on contemporary feminist and queer theory, she questions the opposition between disembodied, high-tech masculinity and embodied, earth-bound femininity, insisting on the need for a radical materialization of cybercultural studies that discloses the « virtual as itself embodied.

    The iSCSI protocol reduces the total cost of ownership of shared storage solutions and enables an organization to tie together disparate systems and data, including both server class systems and laptop and desktop systems. Numerous leading technology companies, including IBM(r), Cisco Systems(r), and Intel(r), are currently supporting iSCSI initiatives. Written for network and data storage professionals, this comprehensive book introduces iSCSI and explores its growing role within the data storage industry. It describes each element of the technology in detail from session establishment through error handling and examines the relationship between iSCSI and the SCSI protocol from which it evolved. Specific topics discussed include: iSCSI's use in small office, midrange, and high-end settings TCP/IP fundamentals, and how they apply to iSCSI The importance of data integrity New hardware that addresses bandwidth and latency issues iSCSI naming conventions The establishment of a communication path between the host system and storage controller Commands and data sequencing Control of the flow of commands Task management Error handling Companion technologies, including discovery and security processes Backup and disaster preparation iSCSI performance issues In addition, the book includes an explanation of the technologies that hardware vendors are implementing to permit direct memory placement of iSCSI messages without additional main processor involvement. A helpful icon appears throughout the book, mapping out appropriate reading tracks based on your technical level. Comprehensive, clearly written, and organized for easy access, this iSCSI handbook serves as both an excellent starting point for those involved in data storage solutions and a guide to understanding the technically detailed Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) iSCSI Standards document.

    In their hands, a shipping container can be transformed into a mobile working unit, a museum, or a restaurant. In the process, they question our relation to the industrial environment and the artificiality of the urban landscape. LOT/EK: Urban Scan, the first and only monograph on the firm, is organized categorically and alphabetically. Twenty-three projects are presented in detail, including American Diner (a restaurant in a container), the InspiroTrainer (created for the Museum of Modern Art), Mixer (a cement mixer-cum-video immersion unit), the Meltzer Gallery, the Boon boutique, the MDU (Mobule Dwelling Unit), and the Goree Memorial and Museum. It also includes more than 1,000 photographs of infrastructural objects--everything from air conditioners to water tanks--that serve as the raw material and inspiration for this creative practice.

    Learn from the experiences of working professionals as shared through insightful interviews. As a second edition, this book builds on the well-received segments of the first edition to cover the basics of 3D in general terms starting with "What is 3D?" and progressing step-by-step through modeling, texturing, lighting and animation. The book also offers coverage of such related topics as developing a story concept, storyboarding, and putting together a demo real and portfolio. It even provides interview tips New elements in this second edition include interviews from industry leaders as well as application specific tutorials for 3ds max 4, Maya 4, and LightWave 7 that are included on the CD.

    PLEASE PROVIDE COURSE INFORMATION PLEASE PROVIDE

    Presented in an easy-to-browse format, this erudite book provides the authoritative technical details you need to leverage Visual J# .NET and the richness of the Microsoft .NET Framework to build scalable, enterprise-level applications. You’ll examine the architecture of .NET, find out how to process data with Visual J# .NET, see how to create XML Web services, and discover how to build multithreaded applications that span the local area network. You’ll also look at the key topics for building applications that use Windows features and services and find out how to provide a global reach to your applications via the Internet.Topics covered include:The challenge of n-tier development The .NET platform Java and the common language runtime Graphical user interfaces Processing XML Transforming XML Microsoft ADO.NET Multithreading with .NET Basic network programming Serializing objects .NET remoting Using message queues Integrating with unmanaged components Serviced components and COM+ Writing Windows services Microsoft ASP.NET—a better ASP Building a Web service Creating a Web service client INCLUDES SAMPLE CODE ON THE WEB!Sample code available at the Companion Content link on this page

    Is it just the latest hype, or is the promise of perfect interoperability, lower costs, and increased efficiency finally going to be fulfilled? Should you jump in now, or wait?Following the groundbreaking P2P Networking Overview from O'Reilly Research, Planning for Web Services guides tech executives and managers through the inflated claims, competing standards, and acronym soup to arrive at a realistic appraisal of Web Services' potential for your business.Through plainspoken, impartial analysis, Planning for Web Services maps out the current state and future prospects of this still-evolving technology, and lays out the critical technical and business issues you'll need to consider. After defining the scope of Web Services, the report looks at how they are being implemented today, and where and how they are likely to take hold in the near future. Topics include:How Web Services can replace EDI Using Web Services as middleware to create network-aware applications with RPC Advantages and hurdles to implementing Web Services on Intranet, Extranet, and public Internet sitesPlanning for Web Services profiles more than 30 of the key players in this emerging sector, from major tech companies like Sun, IBM, and Microsoft to startups that are driving much of the innovation in this space. The report concludes with a straightforward checklist of the strategic issues and questions every IT decision-maker should answer before committing to Web Services.

    Each book is a pared-down, simplified, and tightly focused version of its predecessor. With an emphasis on clarity and brevity, these new titles feature a streamlined, updated format and the absolute essence of the subject, presented in a concise and readily understandable form. Graphic elements such as sidebars, reader-alert icons, and boxed highlights stress selected points from the text, illuminate keys to learning, and give students quick pointers to the essentials. Each book:Designed to appeal to underprepared students and readers turned off by dense textCartoons, sidebars, icons, and other graphic pointers get the material across fastConcise text focuses on the essence of the subjectDeliver expert help from teachers who are authorities in their fieldsPerfect for last-minute test preparationSo small and light that they fit in a backpack!

    The continent-hopping, three-year court battle fought by activists to bring cheap versions of desperately needed AIDS drugs to South Africa is but one example of how this seemingly arcane area of international regulation has become a crucial battleground in the twenty-first century and is animating activists the world over.This powerful book is the definitive history of how the new global intellectual property regim--the rulebook for the knowledge economy--came to be. Drawing on more than five years of research and more than five hundred interviews with key figures—including negotiators for First and Third World countries, leaders of multinational corporations, and public-interest experts, Information Feudalism uncovers the story of how a small coterie of multi-national corporations wrote the charter for the global information order.Information Feudalism is an authoritative history of the demise of the world's intellectual commons, and a potent call for democratic property rights.

    By 2003, the US will account for less than one-third of the worldwide Internet user-base of 602 million. This book illustrates step-by-step measures to take to globalize any web site for almost any country in the world, while presenting spotlights on real companies who have globalized their sites and the benefits they've received. Most executives know they want to reach a global market but have no idea what obstacles they face. The web globalization process is complex, constantly evolving, and the languages themselves can be highly intimidating. This book will provide the reader with the understanding and "best practices" necessary to successfully manage a Web globalization strategy. Crammed with useful facts, tips, and ideas, this book will offer step-by-step advance on every aspect of web development, both technical and non-technical. Offers practical, in-depth information on such hard-to-research topics as online revenue models, online marketing options, site traffic analyses, usability testing, community building, legal issues, cost projections, and project management.

    Agencies are using increasingly sophisticated computer systems - especially searchable databases - to keep tabs on us at home, work and play. Once the word surveillance was reserved for police activities and intelligence gathering, now it is an unavoidable feature of everyday life.Surveillance as Social Sorting proposes that surveillance is not simply a contemporary threat to individual freedom, but that, more insidiously, it is a powerful means of creating and reinforcing long-term social differences. As practiced today, it is actually a form of social sorting - a means of verifying identities but also of assessing risks and assigning worth. Questions of how categories are constructed therefore become significant ethical and political questions.Bringing together contributions from North America and Europe, Surveillance as Social Sorting offers an innovative approach to the interaction between societies and their technologies. It looks at a number of examples in depth and will be an appropriate source of reference for a wide variety of courses.

    The authors present case studies demonstrating procedures and techniques that work for small design groups or larger teams of designers. This text is useful for courses in Website Management or Web Design.

    This is about to change, thanks to new technology, digital scholarship, and computerized "visualization." Text itself has inherent limitations: The very use of words - their meaning and the connections among them - shapes and restricts how historians think and communicate ideas. The rise of the computer is radically altering how human beings receive and process information. Digital environments and virtual reality are adding a third dimension to communication and creating a new visual language. This visionary and thoroughly accessible book examines this entire revolutionary phenomenon and how historians will utilize the new medium of computers and the new language of visualization to transform our understanding of history. Drawing on familiar graphic models - maps, flow charts, museum displays, and films - the author shows how images can often convey ideas and information more efficiently and accurately than words. With emerging digital technology, these images will become more sophisticated, manipulable, and multidimensional, and provide historians with new tools and environments to construct historical narratives. Just as the transition from prehistoric cave paintings to the spread of literacy changed how people think and process information, so has - and will - the computer. Moving beyond the traditional book based on linear narrative, digital scholarship based on visualization and hypertext will offer multiple perspectives, dimensions, and experiences that will transform how historians work and how people imagine and learn about history.

    It will also be of use to networking professionals responsible for administering and IP telephony system. Reveals the methodology you need to resolve complex problems in an IP telephony network Master troubleshooting techniques and methodologies for all parts of a Cisco IP Telephony solution-Cisco CallManager, IP phones, gateways, applications, and more Learn how to investigate and resolve voice quality problems, including delayed audio, choppy or garbled audio, static and noise, one-way or no-way audio, and echo Read about the variety of trouble-shooting tools at your disposal and how and when to use them based on the problem type Discover the potential causes of common problems and how to efficiently troubleshoot them to resolution Learn how to identify and resolve gateway problems by breaking the components into logical groups and following a methodical troubleshooting approach Use best practices recommendations to build a stronger IP telephony deployment and avoid common mistakes IP telephony represents the future of telecommunications: a converged data and voice infrastructure boasting greater flexibility and more cost-effective scalability than traditional telephony. The ability to troubleshoot an IP telephony environment and the underlying network infrastructure is vitally important, just as it is in any complex system. Troubleshooting Cisco IP Telephony teaches the troubleshooting skills necessary to identify and resolve problems in an IP telephony solution. This book provides comprehensive coverage of all parts of a Cisco IP Telephony (CIPT) solution, including CallManager, IP phones, gateways, analog devices, database and directory replication, call routing, voice mail, applications, network infrastructure, and more. You'll learn how to read trace files, determine when to turn on tracing and Cisco IOS(r) Software