Best of
Sociology

1980

The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces


William H. Whyte - 1980
    Whyte published the findings from his revolutionary Street Life Project in The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces. Both the book and the accompanying film were instantly labeled classics, and launched a mini-revolution in the planning and study of public spaces. They have since become standard texts, and appear on syllabi and reading lists in urban planning, sociology, environmental design, and architecture departments around the world.Project for Public Spaces, which grew out of Holly's Street Life Project and continues his work around the world, has acquired the reprint rights to Social Life, with the intent of making it available to the widest possible audience and ensuring that the Whyte family receive their fair share of Holly's legacy.From the forward: For more than 30 years, Project for Public Spaces has been using observations, surveys, interviews and workshops to study and transform public spaces around the world into community places. Every week we give presentations about why some public spaces work and why others don't, using the techniques, ideas, and memorable phrases from William H. "Holly" Whyte's The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces.Holly Whyte was both our mentor and our friend. Perhaps his most important gift was the ability to show us how to discover for ourselves why some public spaces work and others don't. With the publication of The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces and its companion film in 1980, the world could see that through the basic tools of observation and interviews, we can learn an immense amount about how to make our cities more livable. In doing so, Holly Whyte laid the groundwork for a major movement to change the way public spaces are built and planned. It is our pleasure to offer this important book back to the world it is helping to transform.

The Practice of Everyday Life


Michel de Certeau - 1980
    In exploring the public meaning of ingeniously defended private meanings, de Certeau draws brilliantly on an immense theoretical literature in analytic philosophy, linguistics, sociology, semiology, and anthropology--to speak of an apposite use of imaginative literature.

Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality: Gay People in Western Europe from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Fourteenth Century


John Boswell - 1980
    The historical breadth of Boswell's research (from the Greeks to Aquinas) and the variety of sources consulted (legal, literary, theological, artistic, and scientific) make this one of the most extensive treatments of any single aspect of Western social history. The product of ten years of research and analysis of records in a dozen languages, this book opens up a new area of historical inquiry and helps elucidate the origins and operations of intolerance as a social force.

Fool's Crow: Wisdom and Power


Thomas E. Mails - 1980
    Nephew of Black Elk, and a disciplined, gentle, spiritual, and political leader, Fools Crow died in 1989 at the age of 99. Fools Crow: Wisdom and Power is the only book to reveal, often in his own words, the philosophy and practice of this historic leader.

The Parasite


Michel Serres - 1980
    Among Serres’s arguments is that by being pests, minor groups can become major players in public dialogue—creating diversity and complexity vital to human life and thought.Michel Serres is professor in history of science at the Sorbonne, professor of Romance languages at Stanford University, and author of several books, including Genesis.Lawrence R. Schehr is professor of French at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.Cary Wolfe is Bruce and Elizabeth Dunlevie Professor of English at Rice University. His books include Zoontologies: The Question of the Animal (Minnesota, 2003).

Tastes of Paradise: A Social History of Spices, Stimulants, and Intoxicants


Wolfgang Schivelbusch - 1980
    Illustrations.

Power and Powerlessness: Quiescence and Rebellion in an Appalachian Valley


John Gaventa - 1980
    Explains to outsiders the conflicts between the financial interests of the coal and land companies, and the moral rights of the vulnerable mountaineers.

Man Made Language


Dale Spender - 1980
    Often imitated, never replaced, Man-Made Language has become a cornerstone of modern feminist thought.

The Logic of Practice


Pierre Bourdieu - 1980
    In fact, the author argues, the relationship between the anthropologist and his object of study is a particular instance of the relationship between knowing and doing, interpreting and using, symbolic mastery and practical mastery—or between logical logic, armed with all the accumulated instruments of objectification, and the universally pre-logical logic of practice.In this, his fullest statement of a theory of practice, Bourdieu both sets out what might be involved in incorporating one's own standpoint into an investigation and develops his understanding of the powers inherent in the second member of many oppositional pairs—that is, he explicates how the practical concerns of daily life condition the transmission and functioning of social or cultural forms.The first part of the book, "Critique of Theoretical Reason," covers more general questions, such as the objectivization of the generic relationship between social scientific observers and their objects of study, the need to overcome the gulf between subjectivism and objectivism, the interplay between structure and practice (a phenomenon Bourdieu describes via his concept of the habitus), the place of the body, the manipulation of time, varieties of symbolic capital, and modes of domination.The second part of the book, "Practical Logics," develops detailed case studies based on Bourdieu's ethnographic fieldwork in Algeria. These examples touch on kinship patterns, the social construction of domestic space, social categories of perception and classification, and ritualized actions and exchanges.This book develops in full detail the theoretical positions sketched in Bourdieu's Outline of a Theory of Practice. It will be especially useful to readers seeking to grasp the subtle concepts central to Bourdieu's theory, to theorists interested in his points of departure from structuralism (especially fom Lévi-Strauss), and to critics eager to understand what role his theory gives to human agency. It also reveals Bourdieu to be an anthropological theorist of considerable originality and power.

Mother Love: Myth and Reality. Motherhood in Modern History


Élisabeth Badinter - 1980
    

Culture′s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations


Geert Hofstede - 1980
    The book is structured around five major dimensions: power distance; uncertainty avoidance; individualism versus collectivism; masculinity versus femininity; and long term versus short-term orientation.

Music, Society, Education


Christopher Small - 1980
    Christopher Small sets out to examine the social implications of Western classical music, effects that until recently have been largely ignored or dismissed by most musicologists. He strives to view the Western musical tradition "through the mirror of these other musics [Balinese and African] as it were from the outside, and in so doing to learn something of the inner unspoken nature of Western culture as a whole."As series co-editor Robert Walser writes, "By pointing to the complicity of Western culture with Western imperialism, Small challenges us to create a future that is more humane than the past. And by writing a book that enables us to rethink so fundamentally our involvements with music, he teaches us how we might get there."

Temple and Contemplation


Henry Corbin - 1980
    Henry Corbin himself outlined the plan for this book, whose title implies a common centre for these diverse studies. The two essays that open this collection might appear out of place in the perspective of the Temple; yet Corbin included them precisely to point out that Shiite hermeneutics necessarily leads to a theosophy of the Temple -just as the Temple itself has no meaning, if we have not the method and ontology to lead us there. From a consideration of the philosophy of colours in Islam, followed by a study of the metaphysical and mystical foundation of the science of correspondences, "The Science of the Balance", the author proceeds to reflect on the role of the heavenly Temple, or the archetype of the Temple, in the spiritual traditions of the Religions of the Book. No other work of Corbin brings out more clearly the hermeneutic correspondences among spiritual visions belonging to these religions. Thus we understand why Corbin wished to link the themes of "Temple" and "Contemplation": the theory of visionary perception allows for the emergence of the Temple, but the processes of visionary knowing are themselves based on the eternal presence of the Imago Templi.

The Lathe of Heaven / The Dispossessed / The Wind's Twelve Quarters


Ursula K. Le Guin - 1980
    Le Guin revolves around a character whose dreams alter reality. The story was first serialized in the American science fiction magazine Amazing Stories, received nominations for the 1972 Hugo and the 1971 Nebula Award, and won the Locus Award for Best Novel in 1972. The Dispossessed - a 1974 utopian science fiction novel by Ursula K. Le Guin, explores many ideas and themes, including anarchism and revolutionary societies, capitalism, individualism and collectivism, and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. The Wind's Twelve Quarters - a collection of short stories by Ursula K. Le Guin, it collects 17 previously-published stories, four of which were the germ of novels she was to write later.

Practice of Everyday Life: Volume 2: Living and Cooking


Michel de Certeau - 1980
    The second volume of the work delves even deeper than did the first into the subtle tactics of resistance and private practices that make living a subversive art. Michel de Certeau, Luce Giard, and Pierre Mayol develop a social history of “making do” based on microhistories that move from the private sphere (of dwelling, cooking, and homemaking) to the public (the experience of living in a neighborhood). A series of interviews—mostly with women—allows us to follow the subjects’ individual routines, composed of the habits, constraints, and inventive strategies by which the speakers negotiate daily life. Through these accounts the speakers, “ordinary” people all, are revealed to be anything but passive consumers. Amid these experiences and voices, the ephemeral inventions of the “obscure heroes” of the everyday, we watch the art of making do become the art of living.This long-awaited second volume of de Certeau’s masterwork, updated and revised in this first English edition, completes the picture begun in volume 1, drawing to the last detail the collective practices that define the texture, substance, and importance of the everyday.Michel de Certeau (1925-1986) wrote numerous books that have been translated into English, including Heterologies (1986), The Capture of Speech (1998), and Culture in the Plural (1998), all published by Minnesota. Luce Giard is senior researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and is affiliated with the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris. She is visiting professor of history and history of science at the University of California, San Diego. Pierre Mayol is a researcher in the French Ministry of Culture in Paris.Timothy J. Tomasik is a freelance translator pursuing a Ph.D. in French literature at Harvard University.

Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior


Icek Ajzen - 1980
    Explains "theory and reasoned action" model and then applies the model to various cases.

Peasant Life In China: A Field Study Of Country Life In The Yangtze Valley


Fei Xiaotong - 1980
    

The Fates of Nations: A Biological Theory of History


Paul Colinvaux - 1980
    

Faith in History and Society: Toward a Practical Fundamental Theology


Johann Baptist Metz - 1980
    It is presented here in a new translation with an extensive study guide for readers and teachers.

Contested Terrain


Richard C. Edwards - 1980
    The controversial study by a young radical economist of the transformation of the workplace-- where today impersonal bureaucracies legitimate hierarchies and enhance the employer's control over the worker.

Sociology: Themes And Perspectives


Michael Haralambos - 1980
    As well as a brand new chapter on Health, Medicine and the Body, the sixth edition has been comprehensively updated to reflect key directions in the subject in the 21st century. Contents Introduction: Sociological Perspectives 1. Social Stratification 2. Sex and Gender 3. Race, Ethnicity and Nationality 4. Poverty and Social Exclusion 5. Health, Medicine and the Body 6. Crime and Deviance 7. Religion 8. Families and Households 9. Power, Politics and the State 10. Work, Unemployment and Leisure 11. Education 12. Culture and Identity 13. Communication and the Media 14. Methodology 15. Sociological Theory Bibliography Index

Great Expectations


Landon Y. Jones - 1980
    

The Question of Separatism


Jane Jacobs - 1980
    Using Norway’s relatively peaceful divorce from Sweden as an example, Jacobs contends that Canada and Canadians—Quebecois and Anglophones alike—can learn important lessons from similar sovereignty questions of the past.

The Best-Kept Secret: Sexual Abuse of Children


Florence Rush - 1980
    The author is on the board of New York Women Against Rape and works with Women Against Pornography. Her commentary is coupled with the testimonies of victims.

Mirror, Mask, and Shadow: The Risk and Rewards of Self-Acceptance


Sheldon B. Kopp - 1980
    

Issues in Feminism: An Introduction to Women's Studies


Sheila Ruth - 1980
    This title includes classic and contemporary selections that represent both feminist and anti-feminist viewpoints in an examination of women's lives, and the ways in which women can effect alternatives to traditional gender roles.

Science, Class & Society: On the Formation of Sociology & Historical Materialism


Göran Therborn - 1980
    

Man in the Age of Technology


Arnold Gehlen - 1980
    

Social Change


Steven Vago - 1980
    It is concerned with the questions of how society changes, in what direction, and by what forces this change occurs.Using exciting real-life case examples, this book draws attention to the characteristics, processes, and perspectives of social change in the United States and cross-culturally. It covers theories, patterns, spheres, duration, reactions, the impact, the costs, the strategies, and the assessment of social change.Because of its current and timely material, this is an excellent reader for social workers, counselors, and sociologists.

The People of the Towel and Water


Catherine de Hueck Doherty - 1980
    In every word she spoke or wrote, she tried to quicken that love in the hearts of others. In this revised and expanded edition of a Madonna House classic, we begin with the basics of our faith as Catherine communicated them — the Incarnation, the Mystical Body, the Eucharist, Our Lady, etc. — the School of Love. As she often proclaimed, “No part of the Gospel is abstract.”  In other words, without living our faith, putting flesh on the Gospel in daily life, those truths of faith lie fallow. With her unique charism of communicating how to “preach the Gospel with your life” she presents the Tools of Love, the ways to let the light of Christ shine through everyday life. Let her exhilarating words, her fire of love, light a flame in your heart and soul! Author Profile: Catherine Doherty Catherine Doherty used her heritage as a Russian Christian as a matrix for responding to the needs of Christian life and work in the modern world. Her own personal pilgrimage led her to be “poor with the poor Christ” in the slums of Toronto and in Harlem; and later to the establishing of the world-wide Madonna House Apostolate (in 1947). A dedicated wife and mother, Catherine was also a prolific writer of hundreds of articles, a best-selling author of dozens of books, a renowned national speaker, and a pioneer of social justice. After emigrating to the U.S., Catherine became a Catholic and was very active, along with her husband Eddie, in the Byzantine Catholic Church in the U.S. and Canada. Catherine died in 1985 and her cause for sainthood has been opened and is progressing.

Basic Problems of Ethnopsychiatry


George Devereux - 1980
    This unique approach, which differentiates sanity and insanity from social adjustment and maladjustment, provides a rigorous foundation for a general theory of psychoanalytic ethnopsychiatry. George Devereux, a psychoanalyst and anthropologist, discusses crime, sexual delinquency, dreams in non-Western cultures, and cannibalistic drives of parents. He frequently cites case material from his extensive field work with the Mahave Indians of Arizona and the Sedang Moi of Vietnam and from his clinical work with non-Western patients.

G. H. Mead: A Contemporary Re-Examination of His Thought


Hans Joas - 1980
    In this book, Hans Joas interweaves Mead's political and intellectual biography with the development of his theories. The key concept of the study is practical intersubjectivity, a term Joas introduces to characterize the link implicit in Mead's work between a theory of intersubjectivity and a theory of praxis. Throughout the book, Joas stresses the practical, social, and political nature of Mead's work. Besides comparing Mead to the other American pragmatists, Joas discusses the relation between Mead's thought and that of such Europeans as Habermas, Apel, Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, and Piaget. Joas's revisionist portrait of Mead as a socially engaged intellectual, with its emphasis on his relevance for contemporary philosophy and social science, has been a key factor in the revival of interest in Mead. The author's new preface includes an update on pragmatism studies in general and on Mead studies in particular.

Shadow Work


Ivan Illich - 1980
    Combines historical and economic perspectives to examine the economic existence of modern man, the war against subsistence, and shadow work--the underpaid work which is unique to an industrial economy.

Manufacturing Consent: Changes in the Labor Process Under Monopoly Capitalism


Michael Burawoy - 1980
    Manufacturing Consent is unique among studies of this kind because Burawoy has been able to analyze his own experiences in relation to those of Donald Roy, who studied the same factory thirty years earlier. Burawoy traces the technical, political, and ideological changes in factory life to the transformations of the market relations of the plant (it is now part of a multinational corporation) and to broader movements, since World War II, in industrial relations.

Small Town America: A Narrative History, 1620-The Present


Richard R. Lingeman - 1980
    

The Bush is Still Burning


Lloyd John Ogilvie - 1980
    

Greek and Roman Slavery


Thomas Wiedemann - 1980
    The material is arranged thematically, offering the reader a comprehensive review of the idea and practice of slavery in ancient civilization. In addition, a thorough bibliography for each chapter, as well as an extensive index, make this a valuable source for scholars and students.

Human Inference: Strategies & Shortcomings of Social Judgement


Richard E. Nisbett - 1980
    

Too Old to Cry, Too Young to Die: 35 Teenagers Talk about Cancer


Edith Pendleton - 1980
    

In and Against the State


Jeanette Mitchell - 1980
    In 1979 the London Edinburgh Weekend Return Group, a working group of the Conference of Socialist Economists, published this work as a pamphlet; then reissued with minor updates to the original text, and then a substantial postscript was released the following year.The book discusses the experience of working class people - mostly socialists - working in the public sector in the late 1970s: having to relying upon the State as service provider while simultaneously trying to subvert systems of unjust power and domination; exploring the associated contradictions and tensions.

Amern Establishment


Leonard Solomon Silk - 1980
    If you are looking for an explanation as to how government really works, you will find this book engrossing.

The Psychoanalysis of Culture


Christopher R. Badcock - 1980
    

Aegean Rivals: The Persians, Imperial Greece: (The Rise and Fall of Empires: Imperial Visions Series: Vol. 2):


Daisy More - 1980
    

Squatting, The Real Story


Nick Wates - 1980
    

Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups


Stephan A. Thernstrom - 1980
    It should excite all Americans about their nation.Informative and entertaining, this volume is an indispensable reference work for home, library and office. It establishes a foundation for the burgeoning field of ethnic studies; it will satisfy and stimulate the popular interest in ancestry and heritage. It is a guide to the history, culture, and distinctive characteristics of the more than 100 ethnic groups who live in the United States.Each ethnic group is described in detail. The origins, history and present situation of the familiar as well as the virtually unknown are presented succinctly and objectively. Not only the immigrants and refugees who came voluntarily but also those already in the New World when the first Europeans arrived, those whose ancestors came involuntarily as slaves, and those who became part of the American population as a result of conquest or purchase and subsequent annexation figure in these pages. The English and the Estonians, the Germans and the Gypsies, the Swedes and the Serbs are interestingly juxtaposed. Even entries about relatively well-known groups offer new material and fresh interpretations. The articles on less well-known groups are the product of intensive research in primary sources; many provide the first scholarly discussion to appear in English. One hundred and twenty American and European contributors have been involved in this effort, writing either on individual groups or on broad themes relating to many.The group entries are at the heart of the book, but it contains, in addition, a series of thematic essays that illuminate the key facets of ethnicity. Some of these are comparative; some philosophical; some historical; others focus on current policy issues or relate ethnicity to major subjects such as education, religion, and literature. American identity and Americanization, immigration policy and experience, and prejudice and discrimination in U.S. history are discussed at length. Several essays probe the complex interplay between assimilation and pluralism--perhaps the central theme in American history--and the complications of race and religion.Numerous cross-references and brief identifications will aid the reader with unfamiliar terms and alternative group names. Eighty-seven maps, especially commissioned, show where different groups have originated. Annotated bibliographies contain suggestions for further reading and research. Appendix I, on methods of estimating the size of groups, leads the reader through a maze of conflicting statistics. Appendix II reproduces, in facsimile, hard-to-locate census and immigration materials, beginning with the first published report on the nativities of the population in 1850.

The Empire of Non-Sense: Art in the Technological Society


Jacques Ellul - 1980
    Their beliefs remain firmly rooted in their assumption that the liberating forces of technology freed them from previous artistic traditions while making available vast means of production and a plethora of materials. All artistic traditions were seemingly put aside by the paintings of Cezanne, the poetry of Baudelaire, and the architecture of Le Corbusier. Behind this apparent freedom French critic Jacques Ellul, author of the classic The Technological Society, found an absolute slavery. The artist was the handmaiden of technology, a relation the artist no longer understood, like other citizens of technological culture. Artists acclaimed their unbridled individualism while being intensely determined by the forces of technological culture. Ellul examines this process in modern art from the beginning of the 20th century where the sense of art - its meaning and embodiments - is reduced to non-sense. Ellul's study is in the tradition of Guy Debord's The Society of Spectacle and Theodor Adorno's Aesthetic Theory but moves significantly beyond their Marxist perspectives that were, from Ellul's view, co-opted by technique."

Sunrise of Power: Ancient Egypt, Alexander and the World of Hellenism: (The Rise and Fall of Empires: Imperial Visions Series: Vol. 1):


Joyce Milton - 1980
    

The Environment: From Surplus to Scarcity


Allan Schnaiberg - 1980
    

Organization, Class and Control


Stewart R. Clegg - 1980
    

Sex Roles: Sex Inequality And Sex Role Development


Jean Stockard - 1980