There are good reasons that language fascinates us so. It not only defines humans as a species, placing us head and shoulders above even the most proficient animal communicators, but it also beguiles us with its endless mysteries. For example: * How did different languages come to be? * Why isn’t there just a single language? * How does a language change, and when it does, is that change indicative of decay or growth? * How does a language become extinct? Dr. John McWhorter, one of America’s leading linguists and a frequent commentator on network television and National Public Radio, addresses these and other questions as he takes you on an in-depth, 36-lecture tour of the development of human language, showing how a single tongue spoken 150,000 years ago has evolved into the estimated 6,000 languages used around the world today.An accomplished scholar, Professor McWhorter is also a skilled popularizer, whose book The Power of Babel was called "startling, provocative, and remarkably entertaining," by the San Diego Union-Tribune.The London Times called him "a born teacher." And Steven Pinker, best known as the author of The Language Instinct, offered this praise for the book: "McWhorter’s arguments are sharply reasoned, refreshingly honest, and thoroughly original."Course Lecture Titles1. What Is Language? 2. When Language Began 3. How Language Changes—Sound Change 4. How Language Changes—Building New Material 5. How Language Changes—Meaning and Order 6. How Language Changes—Many Directions 7. How Language Changes—Modern English 8. Language Families—Indo-European 9. Language Families—Tracing Indo-European 10. Language Families—Diversity of Structures 11. Language Families—Clues to the Past 12. The Case Against the World’s First Language 13. The Case For the World’s First Language 14. Dialects—Subspecies of Species 15. Dialects—Where Do You Draw the Line? 16. Dialects—Two Tongues in One Mouth 17. Dialects—The Standard as Token of the Past 18. Dialects—Spoken Style, Written Style 19. Dialects—The Fallacy of Blackboard Grammar 20. Language Mixture—Words 21. Language Mixture—Grammar 22. Language Mixture—Language Areas 23. Language Develops Beyond the Call of Duty 24. Language Interrupted 25. A New Perspective on the Story of English 26. Does Culture Drive Language Change? 27. Language Starts Over—Pidgins 28. Language Starts Over—Creoles I 29. Language Starts Over—Creoles II 30. Language Starts Over—Signs of the New 31. Language Starts Over—The Creole Continuum 32. What Is Black English? 33. Language Death—The Problem 34. Language Death—Prognosis 35. Artificial Languages 36. Finale—Master Class

    If you are hungry, you 'want eat'. To teach is to 'give knowledge'.Training your mind to think in Toki Pona can lead to deeper insights. The micro-language filters out the noise of our excess thoughts and points to the centre of things.

    It Takes Two to Talk is written in simple language and is full of beautiful, color illustrations. It shows parents how to help their child communicate and learn language during everyday activities like mealtime, bath time, playtime and book reading. This book is invaluable for parents of children ranging from those who are still at the very earliest stages of communication to those who have begun to talk in short sentences. This edition of It Takes Two to Talk is supported by the most current research. It includes easy-to-use checklists, practical guidelines for choosing communication goals, and a new section on building the foundations for literacy. This book shows parents how to have fun with their children, while turning every interaction into an opportunity for language learning. Parents and professionals will find the new It Takes Two to Talk to be a unique and invaluable resource to promote the communicative development of children with language delays. Rarely do we see a guide that provides information so thoroughly grounded in current research yet so well organized and accessible. Supported by creative illustrations, readers easily find their way from principles to applications in everyday family activities. The Hanen Center's deep knowledge of the field and of families is apparent in every chapter.-Michael J. Guralnick, PhD, Director, Center on Human Development and Disability, Professor of Psychology and Pediatrics University of Washington

    Presenting all spoken Japanese as a variation of three basic sentence types, Japanese the Manga Way shows how to build complex constructions step by step. Every grammar point is illustrated by an actual manga published in Japan to show how the language is used in real life, an approach that is entertaining and memorable. As an introduction, as a jump-start for struggling students, or (with its index) as a reference and review for veterans, Japanese the Manga Way is perfect for all learners at all levels.Wayne P. Lammers has taught Japanese at the college level and is an award-winning literary and commercial translator. He lives in Portland, Oregon.

    Organized by such common subjects as Home, Work, Eating Out, Transportation, Health and Sports, these bilingual visual dictionaries give students and business people quick access to foreign terms in the simplest and most intuitive way.

    But how did it evolve? How did a language spoken originally by a few thousand Anglo-Saxons become one used by more than 1,500 million? What developments can be seen as we move from Beowulf to Chaucer to Shakespeare to Dickens and the present day? A host of fascinating questions are answered in The Stories of English, a groundbreaking history of the language by David Crystal.

    Learners develop useful and relevant vocabulary while exploring and expanding critical thinking skills.

    This book covers topics from present tense regular verbs to double object pronouns. It covers various aspects of Spanish grammar that learners need to master. It focuses on the practical aspects of Spanish as it's really spoken.

    Drawn from more than a dozen languages, terms such as "Dasein" (German), "pravda" (Russian), "saudade" (Portuguese), and "stato" (Italian) are thoroughly examined in all their cross-linguistic and cross-cultural complexities. Spanning the classical, medieval, early modern, modern, and contemporary periods, these are terms that influence thinking across the humanities. The entries, written by more than 150 distinguished scholars, describe the origins and meanings of each term, the history and context of its usage, its translations into other languages, and its use in notable texts. The dictionary also includes essays on the special characteristics of particular languages--English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish.Originally published in French, this one-of-a-kind reference work is now available in English for the first time, with new contributions from Judith Butler, Daniel Heller-Roazen, Ben Kafka, Kevin McLaughlin, Kenneth Reinhard, Stella Sandford, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Jane Tylus, Anthony Vidler, Susan Wolfson, Robert J. C. Young, and many more.The result is an invaluable reference for students, scholars, and general readers interested in the multilingual lives of some of our most influential words and ideas.Covers close to 400 important philosophical, literary, and political terms that defy easy translation between languages and culturesIncludes terms from more than a dozen languagesEntries written by more than 150 distinguished thinkersAvailable in English for the first time, with new contributions by Judith Butler, Daniel Heller-Roazen, Ben Kafka, Kevin McLaughlin, Kenneth Reinhard, Stella Sandford, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Jane Tylus, Anthony Vidler, Susan Wolfson, Robert J. C. Young, and many moreContains extensive cross-references and bibliographiesAn invaluable resource for students and scholars across the humanities

    And learning these idioms and phrases will not only help you speak English better, it'll help you understand Americans better!Idioms are presented in 25 lively dialogues which tell the entertaining story of an American family, complete with illustrations. The book comes with an audio CD of all of the dialogues. Contains dozens of helpful exercises & six crossword puzzles to reinforce the material, with convenient answer key for self-study. About the AuthorAmy Gillett has taught ESL (English as a Second Language) in both the United States and Europe. She holds a BA degree in literature fromStanford University, an MA from Stanford in Russian & East European Studies, and an MBA from Cornell. She speaks several foreign languages.Her writing has appeared in many national magazines and newspapers, including MAD Magazine, Family Circle, and the San Francisco Chronicle.

    'The McGraw-Hill Handbook of English Grammar and Usage' does so in an entertaining way.

    First-person accounts by Amy Tan, Sherman Alexie, bell hooks, Richard Rodriguez, Maxine Hong Kingston, and many other authors open windows into the lives of linguistic minority students and their experience in coping in school and beyond. Selections from these writers are presented along with accessible, abridged scholarly articles that assess the impact of language policies on the experiences and life opportunities of minority-language students. Vivid and unforgettable, the readings in Tongue-Tied are ideal for teaching and learning about American education and for spurring informed debate about the many factors that affect students and their lives.

    For over a quarter of a century, as creator and proprietor of the National Grammar Hot Line, he helped thousands of callers from every corner of the globe tackle the thorniest issues of English grammar. Now, in The Grammar Bible, he has created an eminently useful guide to better speaking and writing. Unlike other grammar manuals, The Grammar Bible is driven by the actual questions Professor Strumpf encountered during his years of teaching and fielding phone calls from anxious writers, conscientious students, and perplexed editors, including such perennial quandaries aso Where do I put this comma?o What case should this pronoun be in?o How do I form the possessive of Dickens? Professor Strumpf explains these and other language issues with wit and wisdom, showing how to speak more clearly and write more impressively by avoiding common errors and following the principles of good grammar. Whether you need a comprehensive review of the subjunctive mood or simply want to know which form of a verb to use, The Grammar Bible is a practical guide that will enlighten, educate, and entertain.

    This text is a guide that explains how to write and communicate information clearly.

    Fills a long-present gap in the literature of Indo-European studies.Designed for use in courses, with exercises and suggestions for further reading included in each chapter.Discusses linguistic and cultural developments for each branch of the Indo-European language family.Provides an overview of Proto-Indo-European culture, society, and language.

    Giving examples of real usage, this book provides the basic information about grammar and punctuation that people need on a day-to-day basis. Arranged A-Z, it contains entries for standard grammatical terms as well as dealing with related questions of usage. In addition to explaining basic terms such as 'split infinitive', 'participle', and 'adverb', entries also discuss whether to use 'may' or 'might', 'that' or 'which', and 'it's' or 'its'. The Oxford A-Z of Grammar and Punctuation gives the reader quick and easy access to the answers to these, and many other, questions of grammar. It offers clear and coherent explanations, and illustrations across a broad range of topics, and is the first port of call for any reader seeking clear, authoritative help with grammar and punctuation. Both easy to use and comprehensive, the Oxford A-Z of Grammar and Punctuation is an essential tool for writing at home, in the office, at school, and at college.

    Six thousand color illustrations are labeled in the five languages showing in color what other dictionaries can only describe in text. All the clear, concise illustrations are organized into a series of fully indexed sections.Each key word and phrase is connected to the detailed illustrations making identification and translations quick and accurate.The scope and depth of this reference are immense, covering an incredibly detailed range of terms for:Astronomy and Earth Flora, fauna and humans Food, kitchen and around the house Gardening, clothing, articles Arts and architecture Communications, transport and machinery Energy, science and society Sports and games. This edition is ideal for anyone learning Spanish, French, German and Italian or those learning English as a second language.

    Its sales now exceed 32 million copies. This concise edition contains the essential entries from the original 1852 volume, and has been revised and updated to include all the latest buzzwords and phrases.

    No English dictionary before it had devoted so much space to everyday words, been so thorough in its definitions, or illustrated usage by quoting from Shakespeare and other great writers. Johnson’s Dictionary would define the language for the next 150 years, until the arrival of the Oxford English Dictionary. Johnson’s was the dictionary used by Jane Austen and Charles Dickens, Wordsworth and Coleridge, the Brontës and the Brownings, Thomas Hardy and Oscar Wilde. Modern dictionaries owe much to Johnson’s work. This new edition, created by Levenger Press, contains more than 3,100 selections from the original, including etymology, definitions, and illustrative passages in their original spelling. Bristling with quotations, the Dictionary offers memorable passages on subjects ranging from books and critics to dreams and ethics. It also features three new indexes created out of entries in this edition: words found in Shakespeare’s works, words from other great literary works, and piquant terms used in eighteenth-century discussions of such topics as law, medicine, and the sexes. Finally, Johnson’s “Plan of a Dictionary of the English Language,” seldom seen in print, which he wrote eight years before the Dictionary, is reproduced in its entirety. For those who appreciate literature, interpret the law, and love language, this a browser’s delight—an encyclopedia of the age and a dictionary for the ages.

    Over 1000 of the most useful and frequent phrasal verbs are clearly explained and practised in typical contexts. The material is designed for self-study, as well as classroom use, and has a student-friendly answer key. The book has 70 two-page units. The verbs are presented on the left-hand page and are practised on the facing right-hand page. The verbs are divided into units by topic, function, concept, particle and verb. The language is presented in various ways, often in tables, showing the phrasal verbs in a range of natural contexts such as everyday dialogues, e-mails, cartoons and newspaper extracts. The book includes an invaluable mini dictionary, listing each verb with an easy-to-understand definition. This book is particularly useful for students preparing for a range of examinations.

    You get 70 all-new crosswords that are guaranteed to test your puzzle-solving skills - plus a special bonus section that shows you how to create (and sell) your own challenging crosswords. The Dummies Way * Explanations in plain English * "Get in, get out" information * Icons and other navigational aids * Tear-out cheat sheet * Top ten lists * A dash of humor and fun Discover how to: * The secrets of crossword construction * How to craft a memorable puzzle theme, from quotes to reversals and rebuses * The tricks to designing and filling a grid * An insider's guide to writing great clues * Ten top markets for crossword puzzles

    Through the unique symptoms of the stutter (Scott, like fifty million others, has always stuttered), language becomes a rolling gait of words hidden within words, leading to different rhythms and textures, all addressed by the mouth’s slight erosions. In Scott’s lexicon, to blert is to stutter, to disturb the breath of speaking. The stutter quivers in all that we do, from a skip on a CD to a slip of the tongue. These experiences are often dismissed as aberrant, but in Blert, such fragmented milliseconds are embraced and mined as language. Often aimed full-bore at words that are especially difficult for the stutterer, Scott’s poems don’t just discuss, they replicate the act of stuttering, the 'blort, jam, and rejoice' involved in grappling with the granular texture of words.

    Completely revised and updated!Walks include:• Montmartre• The Marais• The Champs-Elysée• The Gardens of Versailles• And more!

    Baby-specific signing techniques, songs, and games are also included to make learning fun and open up two-way communication quickly.This book is a must-read for all parents, grandparents, and anyone else who spends time with preverbal children. After all, what parent or caregiver doesn’t want to know what their baby is trying to tell them?

    - Hundreds of practice exercises. - Practice guides to help students choose areas they will find most rewarding to practise. - Customised tests targeting specific language areas. - Audio recordings of all the main exercises. - Listen, repeat and record function. - A built-in dictionary and a link to Cambridge Dictionaries online so students can look up any words they need. Software by Clarity Language Consultants Ltd.

    Within these pages are hundreds of facts, figures, stories, and trivia about reading and writing, from the earliest printed books to today’s bestsellers. You will find out whether you are a sponge, a sandglass, a strain-bag, or a mogul diamond; why Lewis Carroll was once accused of being Jack the Ripper; the working title of Lady Chatterley’s Lover; and which bestselling classic was rejected 22 times, once with the note: "garbage passing itself off as literature." It’s the only book about books that you’ll ever need.

    Its 4,800 full-color illustrations show what other dictionaries can only describe in black-and-white text. From the parts of a honeybee to the parts of a bulldozer, the scope and depth are immense.There are 28,000 terms and phrases revealed in detailed lifelike illustrations that make identification quick and accurate. Spanish terms are identified by gender, and two indexes make it fast and easy to find a term in either language. The 600 subjects are organized into 17 color-coded sections:Astronomy House Earth Clothing Vegetable kingdom Arts and architecture Animal kingdom Communications and office automation Human being Food and kitchen Transport and machinery Do-it-yourself and gardening Energy Science Personal Adornment and articles Society Sports and games. This reference is perfect for school, work or travel. For anyone learning Spanish or English as a second language, The Firefly Spanish/English Visual Dictionary is fun, accurate, easy and fast.

    Clear and systematic in its approach, the Encyclopedia combines full linguistic coverage of all the well-documented ancient languages, representing numerous language families from around the globe. Each chapter focuses on an individual language or, in some instances, a set of closely related varieties of a language. Providing a full descriptive presentation, each of these chapters examines the writing system(s), phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicon of that language, and places the language within its proper linguistic and historical context. The Encyclopedia brings together an international array of scholars, each a leading specialist in ancient language study. While designed primarily for linguistic professionals and students, this work is invaluable to all whose studies take them into the realm of ancient language. Roger D. Woodard is the Andrew V.V. Raymond Professor of Classics at the State University of New York, Buffalo. He previously served on the faculties of Classics and/or Linguistics at the University of Southern California, Johns Hopkins University and Swarthmore College. Among his other books are Greek Writing from Knossos to Homer: A Linguistic Interpretation of the Origin of the Greek Alphabet (Oxford, 1997) and co-author of Ovid's Fasti ( Penguin, 2000). He is a member of the Linguistic Society of America and the American Philological Association.

    This work features: 555 conjugated verbs; examples illustrating basic meanings for the top 50 verbs; verb exercises; and coverage of the aspects of the language's verbs.

    This guide identifies these and other common trouble spots and explains the reasons behind them.

    Containing Japanese–English and English–Japanese sections, it is an essential reference tool for serious students studying the Japanese language or for businesspeople and tourists wishing to learn Japanese before they travel.Special features include:Lists over 5,000 carefully selected characters with their 10,000+ current readings and almost 70,000 compounds in current use, al with concise English definitions.Scientifically arranged by a logical extension of the traditional radical system so as to make the finding of a given character almost fool–proof, saving hours of time.Makes provision for quickly finding characters either in their traditional or their modern and often greatly altered forms, thus serving for both prewar and postwar literature.Includes 14 valuable appendices giving (1) instructions for the most efficient use of the dictionary, (2) discussions of the written language in general and particularly of its recent and far–reaching official modifications, and (3) much helpful information that readers in East Asian fields have heretofore had to search for in many different places.Contains an on–kun index which makes it not only a reader's dictionary but also a writer's dictionary.

    However, the collegial tone established in previous Commentaries between Swales & Feak and instructors has been retained. This volume contains commentaries on each of the eight units plus the two appendixes. The format for each unit includesa summary of the main points of the unit along with a list of topics covered. a synopsis of activities, divided into Language Focus sections and description of tasks. some general notes designed to capture the character of the unit, to indicate alternative activities, or to anticipate problems that may arise. detailed commentary and discussion of individual tasks, including model or sample answers where possible.

    It also addresses larger issues of inclusive language, and effective writing and argument, and provides guidance on grammatical terminology. Based on large international corpora, it differentiates clearly between U.S., U.K., Canadian and Australian usage and offers up-to-date, objective advice presented in readable, accessible terms. Pam Peters is a Professor of Linguistics at Macquarie University where she also serves as Director of Macquarie University's Dictionary Research Center. She is the author of several books on English usage, including Cambridge Australian English Style Guide (Cambridge, 1995).

    Presenting seventy works by seventy authors, it includes:• pre-Islamic poetry and prose;• selections from the Qur’an;• the Prophet Muhammad’s last sermon;• the powerful writing of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, the fourth Islamic Caliph;• writings from the “Golden Age of the Arabs” (750-1258 A.D.) in philosophy, mysticism, prose, and poetry;• works from the neoclassical, modernist, and metaphorical schools;• literature of the Arabs in Andalus, Spain;• discussions of cultural, literary, critical, and political movements of the present day;• vocabulary lists, a list of idioms and notes, a set of questions about the text, and two glossaries.This book not only introduces students to the entire sweep of Arabic intellectual, political, and cultural thought but also gives examples of how this thought is expressed, offering important insight into the Arab mind.

    As with all Lingua Latina materials, the text and notes are all in Latin.

    Packed with lively four-color illustrations, each package features: Fun songs, games, and activities Key word illustrations Engaging comic strips Sidebars with fun cultural information English translations for all activities Packaged inside each book is an audio CD that includes all the songs, games, and expressions in the course.

    is an imaginative girl with a strange problem--words get mixed up in her head; and what promises to be an uneventful walk to her friend's house becomes full of surprises. Follow Catherine into a winter wonderland of interesting characters and wordplay.

    Discusses systems as diverse as Chinese, Greek, and Maya. Presents each system in light of four major aspects of writing: history and development, internal structure, the relationship of writing and language, and sociolinguistic aspects. Includes glossary of technical terms, extensive illustrations, exercises and further reading suggestions to aid in teaching from the book.

    Using numerous everyday examples, it demystifies German pronouns and prepositions and provides dozens of skill-building exercises in a variety of formats, including fill-in-the-blanks, sentence rewrites, and translations.

    Now, the father of the poetry slam presents the most comprehensive book on spoken-word poetry performances.

    The creative and fun speaking, listening, role-play, reading, writing, and vocabulary activities, all linking reading to the rest of the curriculum, are suitable for students of all ages and levels. Teachers will find this handbook a valuable resource not just for reading courses, but for all types of language courses.

    "Matthew Thorburn's SUBJECT TO CHANGE gives us a poetry of the meta-empirical, asking, It's not too late, is it?' Exuberant and crystalline, these poems articulate the problematic beauty of our grand mix-up, our new and comic Dark Ages. The next time a student asks me, What's after Postmodernism?' I'll tell her, Read this.'"--Angela Ball

    Its 4,800 full-color illustrations show what other dictionaries can only describe in black-and-white text. From the parts of a honeybee to the parts of a bulldozer, the scope and depth are immense.There are 28,000 terms and phrases revealed in detailed lifelike illustrations that make identification quick and accurate. French terms are identified by gender, and two indexes make it fast and easy to find a term in either language. The 600 subjects are organized into 17 color-coded sections:Astronomy House Earth Clothing Vegetable kingdom Arts and architecture Animal kingdom Communications and office automation Human being Food and kitchen Transport and machinery Do-it-yourself and gardening Energy Science Personal Adornment and articles Society Sports and games. This reference is perfect for school, work or travel. For anyone learning French or English as a second language, The Firefly French/English Visual Dictionary is fun, accurate, easy and fast.

    Linguists often refer to their soul as ?the language genie, but which are these rules? Where do they come from? What criteria does this genie follow? Understanding the language genie means understanding the structure of our thinking and understanding how we speak.

    As former Christians who converted to Islam centuries ago yet did not assimilate into the culture of the surrounding Muslim populations, as Turks who speak Armenian yet are often not aware of it, as Muslims who continue to celebrate feasts that are part of the calendar of the Armenian Church, and as descendants of Armenians who, for the most part, have chosen to deny their Armenian origins in favour of recently invented myths of Turkic ancestry, the Hemshin and the seemingly irreconcilable differences within their group identity have generated curiosity and often controversy.The Hemshin is the first scholarly work to provide an in-depth study of these people living in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. This groundbreaking volume brings together chapters written by an international group of scholars that cover the history, language, economy, culture and identity of the Hemshin. It is further enriched with an unprecedented collection of maps, pictures and appendices of up-to-date statistics. The Hemshin forms part of the Peoples of the Caucasus series, an indispensable and yet accessible resource for all those with an interest in the Caucasus.

    Drawing on almost thirty years of scholarship, prominent Yiddish scholar Dovid Katz traces the origins of Yiddish back to the Europe of a thousand years ago, and shows how those origins are themselves an uninterrupted continuation of the previous three millennia of Jewish history and culture in the Near East. Words on Fire narrates the history of the language from medieval times onward, through its development as written literature, particularly for and by Jewish women. In the wake of secularizing and modernizing movements of the nineteenth century, Yiddish rose spectacularly in a few short years from a mass folk idiom to the language of sophisticated modern literature, theater, and journalism. Although a secular Yiddish culture no longer exists, Katz argues that its resurgence among religious Jewish communities ensures that Yiddish will still be a thriving language in the twenty-first century. For anyone interested in Jewish history and tradition, Words on Fire will be a definitive account of this remarkable language and the culture that created and sustained it.

    This dictionary is intended to put an end to all that: it has been designed to be of real help to general readers and specialists alike. The dictionary contains some 3,400 terms as headwords, ranging from the legal and ecclesiastic to the more prosaic words of daily life. Latin was the language of the church, law and government, and many Latin terms illustrated here are frequently found in modern books of history of the period; similarly, the precise meaning of Old English and Middle English terms may elude today's reader: this dictionary endeavours to provide clarity. In addition to definition, etymologies of many words are given, in the belief that knowing the origin and evolution of a word gives a better understanding. There are also examples of medieval terms and phrases still in use today, a further aid to clarifying meaning. CHRISTOPHER COREDON has also compiled the Dictionary of Cybernyms. Dr ANN WILLIAMS, historical consultant on the project, was until her retirement Senior Lecturer in medieval history at the Polytechnic of North London.

    This easy-to-use book features more than 1,000 essential words that arm you with the vocabulary you need to tackle real-world tasks--from debating current events to writing essays for your college applications. Whether you're an incoming freshman or a graduating senior, inside these engaging and enlightening pages, you'll find sections that help you: Understand commonly misused words Learn popular definitions used in standardized tests Recognize the difference between synonyms and antonyms Perfect spelling and grammar usage Choose the right word for every special course and circumstance Written in a spunky style that's never boring, this handy book is your ticket to a new well-spoken you--willing and able to find the right words for every situation, at school, at work, and everywhere else!

    New designers learn how to approach design problems in a methodical, professional manner; how the human mind interprets visual and verbal messages; how technology choices impact the design process; how design is used in the service of information and persuasion; and what it means to design for noncommercial advertising and political propaganda. Complete with practical examples, case studies, and cutting-edge research, this primer is a springboard to integrated, contemporary communication design.

    In this groundbreaking book, Juliette Blevins explores the nature of sound patterns and sound change in human language over the past 7000-8000 years. She presents a new approach to the problem of how genetically unrelated languages, from families as far apart as Native American, Australian Aboriginal, Austronesian, and Indo-European, can often show similar sound patterns, and also tackles the converse problem of why there are notable exceptions to most of the patterns that are often regarded as universal tendencies or constraints. A formal model of sound change is presented that integrates phonetic variation and patterns of misperception to account for attested sound systems, without reference to markedness or naturalness within the synchronic grammar.

    Languages and Children: Making the Match, Third Edition, has been thoroughly revised and updated. Standards-based planning and instruction are the guiding principles throughout the book. This long-awaited third edition provides extensive new information that is not easily accessible to the field. Publishing this information in one source provides a tremendous service to methods instructors and teachers, as well as to students. Features: Provides guidance in implementing cultural practices, products, and perspectives as part of integrated thematic planning to help teachers integrate culture into their unit and lesson planning (Ch. 10). Includes an in-depth picture of immersion programs and their implications for instruction in other models of early language programs (Ch. 12). Describes learner differences in terms of learning styles and multiple intelligences to help students meet the needs of individual learners in their classes (Ch. 1). Provides theory and process for thematic planning to guide students in planning effective curriculum, units, and lessons (Ch. 7). Outlines characteristics of various program models used in early language instruction and the benefits and drawbacks of each to help program planners to make informed decisions about choice of program model (Ch. 18). Includes applications to middle school throughout. Offers practical suggestions for traveling teachers who have to choose and organize a cart (Ch. 9). “ Languages and Children is the only foreign language text I use for grades K-8, and it is an essential resource for any foreign language elementary school teacher.&148; Professor Mary Lynn Redmond, Wake Forest University “Languages and Children provides the most useable information available in the field...it clarifies how to effectively teach a foreign language...The authors are masters at providing teachers the knowledge and skills they need and inspiring a passion for teaching foreign languages to young learners.” Professor Marcia H. Rosenbusch, Iowa State University “The major strength of Languages and Children is that it is a very comprehensive overview of the essential ingredients of a first-rate K-8 foreign language program.”, Professor Ruta Couet, South Carolina Department of Education Author Bio: Helena Curtain is director of the ESOL and Foreign Language K-12 teacher certification program at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Previously she was Foreign Language and ESL Curriculum Specialist in the Milwaukee Public Schools, and coordinated these programs district-wide. She has taught at the elementary, middle school, high school and university levels. She has won several national awards and is the author of a variety of publications. She has broad experience teaching and conducting workshops throughout the United States and internationally. Carol Ann Dahlberg is Professor emeritus from Concordia College, Moorhead, Minnesota, where she taught methods classes for K-12 foreign languages. Her experience includes elementary, middle, and high school teaching, as well as college and graduate levels. In addition to Languages and Children editions 1-3, she has authored numerous articles in professional journals. She works nationally and internationally as a consultant and workshop leader for early language learning, and has received national awards from ACTFL and AATG for leadership and teaching.

    Ancient Andean peoples encoded knowledge in knotted cords of cotton or wool called khipus. In The Cord Keepers, the distinguished anthropologist Frank Salomon breaks new ground with a close ethnography of one Andean village where villagers, surprisingly, have conserved a set of these enigmatic cords to the present day. The “quipocamayos,” as the villagers call them, form a sacred patrimony. Keying his reading to the internal life of the ancient kin groups that own the khipus, Salomon suggests that the multicolored cords, with their knots and lavishly woven ornaments, did not mimic speech as most systems of writing do, but instead were anchored in nonverbal codes. The Cord Keepers makes a compelling argument for a close intrinsic link between rituals and visual-sign systems. It indicates that, while Andean graphic representation may differ radically from familiar ideas of writing, it may not lie beyond the reach of scholarly interpretation.In 1994, Salomon witnessed the use of khipus as civic regalia on the heights of Tupicocha, in Peru’s central Huarochirí region. By observing the rich ritual surrounding them, studying the village’s written records from past centuries, and analyzing the khipus themselves, Salomon opens a fresh chapter in the quest for khipu decipherment. He draws on a decade’s field research, early colonial records, and radiocarbon and fiber analysis. Challenging the prevailing idea that the use of khipus ended under early Spanish colonial rule, Salomon reveals that these beautiful objects served, apparently as late as the early twentieth century, to document households’ contribution to their kin groups and these kin groups’ contribution to their village. The Cord Keepers is a major contribution to Andean history and, more broadly, to understandings of writing and literacy.

    It pays special attention to those areas of vocabulary and grammar which cause the most difficulty to English-speakers, and consideration is given throughout to questions of style and register. The text will be an essential reference for learners seeking access to the finer nuances of the Italian language.

    This innovative book, by a world authority on language testing, deals with all key aspects of language test design and implementation. It provides a road map to effective testing based on the latest approaches to test validation. A book for all MA students in Applied Linguistics or TESOL, and for professional language teachers

    Idiomatic usage is also covered to create a dictionary that is easy to use.

    Phelan's compelling readings cover important theoretical ground by introducing a valuable distinction between disclosure functions (communications from the implied author to the authorial audience) and narrator functions (communications from the character narrator to the narratee). Phelan also identifies significant types of character narration (also known as first-person narration), including restricted, suppressed, and mask narrations. In addition, Phelan proposes new understandings of such ingrained concepts of narrative theory as unreliable narration, the implied author, focalization, and lyric narrative.Utilizing what Phelan and Peter J. Rabinowitz have called theory practice, a critical method that aims to combine theory and interpretation in mutually illuminating ways, Living to Tell about It also makes a major contribution to ethical theory and criticism. Phelan develops the concept of ethical position and explores the interactions among the ethical positions of characters, narrators, authors, and audiences. This approach emphasizes not only the close connections between narrative technique and ethics but also the important interactions between the ethical positions of the authorial audience and the flesh-and-blood reader.

    Compact and comprehensive, this tool is perfect for a student's backpack or a translator's briefcase.

    It explores their use of metaphors, their myths, and how language analysis helps us to understand how politicians are able to persuade.

    The 448 kanji in this set are those prescribed by the Japanese Ministry of Education for the first three grades of school. Tuttle Flash Cards is a comprehensive series of flash cards designed to help travelers and beginning learners of Asian languages. The series will include Kanji Cards Vol II, Kana Cards, Japanese in a Flash I and II vocabulary-building cards, as well as parallel sets of flash cards for Arabic, Chinese, Filipino, Indonesian, Korean, Thai and Vietnamese.-Contains 448 flash cards featuring the most common Japanese Kanji words and phrases used in everyday speech and writing.-Provides related words, phrases, and expressions for each main word.-Lists radicals and stroke orders for writing each character as well as romanized pronunciations for both native and Chinese-origin readings.-Indexes allow you to sort and use the cards in various ways.

    As publisher of De Blauwe Schuitt, a series of underground booklets produced by Jewish dissident poets and writers during the Nazi occupation of Holland, Werkman was imprisoned by German secret police in 1945 and executed without trial just three days before the country’s liberation. This generously illustrated book is the first in English to focus on Werkman’s remarkable graphic work and fascinating life.Werkman founded his own printmaking shop in 1908. His self-produced magazine The Next Call was published in 1923 and included typographical and other printmaking experiments as well as the designer’s own Dadaist poems and texts. Werkman also developed a printmaking process he called “hot printing,” a technique incorporating found materials that added repeated design elements directly onto the paper—all without the use of a printing press. Although much of his work was destroyed at the time of his execution, the remarkable examples that remain tell the story of a maverick designer and typographer whose graphic vision was playful, bold, experimental, and unwaveringly optimistic.

    In this book, Zolt�n K�vecses proposes a new theory of metaphor variation. First, he identifies the major dimension of metaphor variation, that is, those social and cultural boundaries that signal discontinuities in human experience. Second, he describes which components, or aspects of conceptual metaphor are involved in metaphor variation, and how they are involved. Third, he isolates the main causes of metaphor variation. Fourth Professor K�vecses addresses the issue to the degree of cultural coherence in the interplay among conceptual metaphors, embodiment, and causes of metaphor variation.

    The hardback edition describes the complexity of reading and explains how reading differs in a first and second language. The book is broad in scope, covering all major aspects of the reading process and synthesizing all current reading research. The author provides a cross-linguistic orientation, explaining how first and second languages can mutually facilitate one another. This important volume offers strategies for enhancing literary acquisition, second-language learning and bilingual processing, and will serve as a valuable guide for graduate students, professors, researchers and foreign language teachers.

    Each unit combines clear, concise grammar explanations with examples and exercises to help build confidence and fluency.Features include: * focus on areas of particular confusion such as verbs that are difficult to translate and nouns made from numbers * comprehensive glossary of grammatical terms* reference list of over 250 Polish verbs* full key to all exercises.Suitable for independent learners and students on taught courses, Intermediate Polish, together with its sister volume, Basic Polish, forms a structured course in the essentials of Polish.Dana Bielec is the author of the popular Polish: An Essential Grammar, as well as Basic Polish: A Grammar and Workbook, both published by Routledge.

    Berlitz kids Picture Dictionaries are packed with essential words young language learners need to know such as colors, shapes, numbers, family members, and animals. Every word is accompanied by a translation, a simple sentence, and a colorful picture. A conversation section contains valuable phrases essential for beginners, and special pages introducing topics such as clothing, insects, flowers/plants, and toys that will teach children about things that are proven most appealing to them.

    To define a single word means to try to catch those ripples. No one’s hands are fast enough." With this concise and broadly informative essay, renowned poet, typographer and linguist Robert Bringhurst presents a brief history of writing and a new way of classifying and understanding the relationship between script and meaning. Beginning with the original relationship between a language and its written script, Bringhurst takes us on a history of reading and writing that begins with the interpretation of animal tracks and fast-forwards up to the typographical abundance of more recent times. The first four sections of the essay describe the earliest creation of scripts, their movement across the globe and the typographic developments within and across languages. In the fifth and final section of the essay, Bringhurst introduces his system of classifying scripts. Placing four established categories of written language – semographic, syllabic, alphabetic and prosodic – on a wheel adjacent to one another, he uses the location, size and shape of points on the wheel to show the degree to which individual world languages incorporate these aspects of recorded meaning. Bringhurst’s system is based on an appreciation that indeed no one’s hands are fast enough and that no single script adheres to or can be understood within the confines of a single method of transcription. Readers will find this combination of anthropology, typography, literature, mathematics, music and linguistics surprisingly accessible and thought provoking. The text is accompanied by diagrams and typographic examples that make for an experiential study of the relationship between writing and meaning. This book is a Smyth-sewn paperback with a letterpress printed jacket. The book was designed by Robert Bringhurst and Andrew Steeves, and printed on Zephyr Laid paper. The cover was hand-printed letterpress on St. Armand handmade paper.

    Key grammatical points are highlighted throughout the text as a means of reinforcement, and a full glossary gives clear explanations of grammatical terminology. It provides beginners with all the regular verb forms and conjugations, and the most common tenses of irregular verbs are shown in full. An index contains thousands of verbs which are cross-referred to their conjugation model. Hundreds of examples of real French illustrate clearly the grammatical points being made, while a clear, color layout ensures that learners find the information they need quickly and easily.

    A series of lessons and projects, organized to build the reader's knowledge and make the art of calligraphy as enjoyable as it is graceful. The method is innovative, the learning solid: the five major styles of Chinese calligraphy (Kai Shu, Hsing Shu, Chuan Shu, Li Shu, and Tsao) are covered in depth. Now anyone can learn this 4,000-year-old art in just a few weeks!

    Evelyn Ch'ien argues that weird English constitutes the new language of literature, implicitly launching a new literary theory.Weird English explores experimental and unorthodox uses of English by multilingual writers traveling from the canonical works of Nabokov and Hong Kingston to the less critiqued linguistic terrain of Junot DIaz and Arundhati Roy. It examines the syntactic and grammatical innovations of these authors, who use English to convey their ambivalence toward or enthusiasm for English or their political motivations for altering its rules. Ch'ien looks at how the collision of other languages with English invigorated and propelled the evolution of language in the twentieth century and beyond.Ch'ien defines the allure and tactical features of a new writerly genre, even as she herself writes with a sassiness and verve that communicates her ideas with great panache.

    Readers have fallen in love with Asian poetry and writers have been greatly influenced by it.What neither reader nor writer ever witness is the intense engagement behind the poem, how the translator must serve as both artist and alchemist, urging a poem to work and sing in a foreign language. Success is rare, and the practice of translation, as W.S. Merwin has written, is "plainly impossible and nevertheless indispensable."This endlessly fascinating anthology—the first of its kind—gathers essays, poems-in-translation, and worksheets from twenty-one noted translators who discuss their aspirations, methods, and the forces of imagination necessary to bring a poem from one language into another. Languages discussed include Chinese (both ancient and modern), Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Khmer, and Sanskrit."A truly apt translation of a poem may require an effort of imagination almost as great as the making of the original. The translator who wishes to enter the creative territory must make an intellectual and imaginative jump into the mind and world of the poet, and no dictionary will make this easier."—Gary Snyder on translating the Chinese poet Han-shanContributors include: Gary Snyder, Willis Barnstone, Jane Hirshfield, J.P. Seaton, John Balaban, Michelle Yeh, Arthur Sze, W.S. Merwin, and Sam Hamill.

    What were people reading about as Michelangelo painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel? How did the events around the industrial revolution influence the literary output of British writers and thinkers? What are we reading now and how does it differ from what was being read 500 years ago?The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature presents a comprehensive year-by-year digest of significant and representative works of literature published in English by British authors since 1474.

    The new Collins Easy Learning French Grammar (published in April 2004) offers beginners a clear and easy-to-understand guide to the verbs and grammar of French. French Grammar explains the essential points of French grammar using simple language, with numerous examples showing usage. Key grammatical points are highlighted throughout the text as a means of reinforcement. In addition, a full glossary gives clear explanations of grammatical terminology. regular verb forms and conjugations, and the most common tenses of common irregular verbs are shown in full. French Grammar offers the same user-friendliness and clarity as the dictionary. Suitable for use in the classroom or at home, this book will prove to be invaluable to all levels of beginner.

    Refreshingly jargon free, it presents an accessible description of the language, focusing on the real patterns of use today. The Grammar aims to serve as a reference source for the learner and user of Serbian, irrespective of level, by setting out the complexities of the language in short, readable sections. It is ideal either for independent study or for students in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes of all types. Features of this Grammar include: - use of Cyrillic and transliterations throughout - section on the culture and dialects of Serbian - appendices on the Cyrillic script, the formation of the genitive and noun declensions - detailed contents list and index for easy reference.

    It also examines the actual workings of discourses in terms of construction and their potential to "damage". For upper-level undergraduates and graduate students in discourse analysis, gender studies, social psychology and media studies.

    As a multilingual nation, there is a lot to discover from language planning and social varieties as well as how these are presented in the nation's literature.

    Nature's Music brings together some of the world's experts on birdsong, to review the advances that have taken place in our understanding of how and why birds sing, what their songs and calls mean, and how they have evolved. All contributors have strived to speak, not only to fellow experts, but also to the general reader. The result is a book of readable science, richly illustrated with recordings and pictures of the sounds of birds.Bird song is much more than just one behaviour of a single, particular group of organisms. It is a model for the study of a wide variety of animal behaviour systems, ecological, evolutionary and neurobiological. Bird song sits at the intersection of breeding, social and cognitive behaviour and ecology. As such interest in this book will extend far beyond the purely ornithological - to behavioural ecologists psychologists and neurobiologists of all kinds.

    The articles by John H. McWhorter collected in this volume demonstrate that this is in fact untrue.Creole languages, while complex and nuanced as all human languages are, are delineable from older languages as the result of their having come into existence only a few centuries ago. Then adults learn a language under untutored conditions, they abbreviate its structure, focusing upon features vital to communication and shaving away most of the features useless to communication that bedevil those acquiring the language non-natively. When they utilize their rendition of the language consistently enough to create a brand-new one, this new creation naturally evinces evidence of its youth: specifically, a much lower degree of the random accretions typical in older languages, which only develop over vast periods of time.The articles constitute a case for this thesis based on both broad, cross-creole ranges of data and focused expositions referring to single creole languages. The book presents a general case for a theory of language contact and creolization in which not only transfer from source languages but also structural reduction plays a central role, based on facts whose marginality of address in creole studies has arisen from issues sociopolitical as well as scientific. For several decades the very definition of the term creole has been elusive even among creole specialists. This book attempts to forge a path beyond the inter- and intra-disciplinary misunderstandings and stalemates that have resulted from this, and to demonstrate the place that creoles might occupy in other linguistic subfields, including typology, language contact, and syntactic theory.

    The 1st discussion dates from the early days of the so-called Government Binding Theory, the 2nd one took place after a decade of Minimalism. Thereby the evolution & dynamics in linguistic theorizing are dramatically revealed. Not surprisingly, perhaps, many of the struggles that generative linguists faced in the early 80s, when trying to establish themselves in academia, are raging just as fiercely in these early years of the new century. New opportunities have arisen, cognitive neuroscience is progressing, but many of the core issues are as difficult to tackle now as they were then. Chomsky's frank & direct answers & statements, helped along by the pleasantly informal atmosphere of the discussions, make this book not only a valuable source of enlightenment but also an easily accessible one. Scholars of grammar, cognitive scientists, philosophers will profit by reading this book, but anyone with an ardent interest in this topic will benefit too.

    Accompanying audio material containing dialogues, listening exercises and pronunciation practice is available to purchase separately in CD format. These two audio CDs are designed to work alongside the accompanying book.Students using the Routledge Intensive Italian Course will practise the four key skills of language learning - reading, writing, speaking, and listening - and will acquire a thorough working knowledge of the structures of Italian. The Routledge Intensive Italian Course takes students from beginner to intermediate level in one year.

    Section B, Extension, brings together influential articles, sets them in context, and discusses their contribution to the field. Section C, Exploration, builds on knowledge gained in the first two sections, setting thoughtful tasks around further illustrative material. This enables readers to engage more actively with the subject matter and encourages them to develop their own research responses.Throughout the book, topics are revisited, extended, interwoven and deconstructed, with the reader's understanding strengthened by tasks and follow-up questions.Translation:examines the theory and practice of translation from a variety of linguistic and cultural angles, including semantics, functional linguistics, corpus and cognitive linguistics, discourse analysis, gender studies and postcolonialism draws on a wide range of languages, including French, Spanish, German, Italian, Russian and Arabic explores material from a variety of sources, such as the Internet, advertisements, religious texts, literary and technical texts gathers together influential readings from the key names in the discipline, including James S. Holmes, George Steiner, Vinay and Darbelnet, Eugene Nida, Werner Koller and Ernst-August Gutt.Written by experienced teachers and researchers in the field, Translation: An Advanced Resource Book is an essential textbook for students and researchers of English language and Applied Linguistics.The accompanying website to this book can be found at http: //www.routledge.com/textbooks/041528306X

    It's also about understanding the culture and developing the right mind set for thinking, listening, and talking like a native. The next best thing to a year abroad, the books in this exciting new series offer language learners an entertaining and practical way to hone their foreign-language conversation skills. Tune Up books are structured around 10 key areas for improvement, covering everything from tricky grammatical structures to gestures, slang, and humor. In each area, key phrases are presented in "Top Ten" lists, including everyday expressions for filling pauses, icebreakers, and more. An excellent brushup for learners returning to a language they studied in high school or college, Tune Up books feature: Practical advice on improving conversation skills Valuable insights into how difficult verbs and structures work Tips on how to avoid taboos and common faux pas A 60-minute audio CD with key phrase lists and exercises

    Our second collection of these ingenious word puzzles and games contains another 200 examples of what everyone's been listening to. Whether you have five minutes or 50, whether you tackle the puzzles alone or in a group, working on these mind-benders will help to conjure up that lazy Sunday feeling all week long.

    It includes new words and phrases in each lesson. Chinese characters are shown with colorful illustrations and pinyin. Book 2 In Simplified Chinese. Annotation copyright Tsai Fong Books, Inc. Distributed by Tsai Fong Books, Inc.

    This book explores the question of what filth has to do with culture: what critical role the lost, the rejected, the abject, and the dirty play in social management and identity formation. It suggests the ongoing power of culturally mandated categories of exclusion and repression.Focusing on filth in literary and cultural materials from London, Paris, and their colonial outposts in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the essays in Filth, all but one previously unpublished, range over topics as diverse as the building of sewers in nineteenth-century European metropolises, the link between interior design and bourgeois sanitary phobias, fictional representations of laboring women and foreigners as polluting, and relations among disease, disorder, and sexual-racial disharmony. Filth provides the first sustained consideration, both theoretical and historical, of a subject whose power to horrify, fascinate, and repel is as old as civilization itself.Contributors: David S. Barnes, U of Pennsylvania; Neil Blackadder, Knox College; Joseph Bristow, U of California, Los Angeles; Joseph W. Childers, U of California, Riverside; Eileen Cleere, Southwestern U; Natalka Freeland, U of California, Irvine; Pamela K. Gilbert, U of Florida; Christopher Hamlin, U of Notre Dame; William Kupinse, U of Puget Sound; Benjamin Lazier, U of Chicago; David L. Pike, American U; David Trotter, U of Cambridge.William A. Cohen is associate professor of English at the University of Maryland and the author of Sex Scandal: The Private Parts of Victorian Fiction.Ryan Johnson is completing his Ph.D. in the Department of English at Stanford University, where he has served as general editor of the Stanford Humanities Review.

    1 brand in language learning. Carefully structured units teach Greek from the New Testament right from the start, and topics of interest for New Testament studies are introduced as appropriate. This new edition makes learning fast and hassle-free, with an easy-to-read page design and extra exercises provided online at www.teachyourself.com/newtestamentgreek Learn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design and interactive features: NOT GOT MUCH TIME?One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started.AUTHOR INSIGHTSLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience.GRAMMAR TIPSEasy-to-follow building blocks to give you a clear understanding.USEFUL VOCABULARYEasy to find and learn, to build a solid foundation for understanding.TEST YOURSELFTests in the book and online to keep track of your progress.EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGEExtra online articles at: www.teachyourself.com to give you a richer understanding of New Testament Greek.

    It prepares students for the internationally recognized Zertifikat Deutsch test.

    Each character is presented in both its simplified and traditional form, along with notes on pronunciation and meaning.

    He was famous in his day as a translator, orator, and historian, and was the best-selling author of the fifteenth century. Bruni's History of the Florentine People in twelve books is generally considered the first modern work of history, and was widely imitated by humanist historians for two centuries after its official publication by the Florentine Signoria in 1442. This edition makes it available for the first time in English translation.

    A guide to Signs, Codes and Signals from across the World Everything from Morse Code to distance communication with Semaphore is covered in this handy volume.

    Each word is followed by a brief explanation of why it makes people uneasy when spoken, such as:- Abhor: Looks innocuous enough on paper but utterly filthy when spoken aloud.- Bull: In most circles, this word is merely a prefix. We prefer the term man-cow."- Congeal: Just because gooey becomes crusty doesn't mean we want to hear about it.- Crotch: This word is disturbing even when referring to trees.- Dingleberry: This is one fruit you don't want to eat.- Half-cocked: Sounds like a circumcision that went too far.- Horehound: A drunk with too much money in his pocket on Saturday night."

    Documenting the indigenous languages of this region, as well as of adjacent areas, Willem Andelaar and Pieter Muysken provide historical as well as contemporary information about the languages of the Andes. Illustrated with detailed grammatical sketches, their book will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of linguistics and anthropology.

    Yet many Greek grammars spend little time teaching the symbols and sounds of the Greek alphabet. Failure to master the basics of a language -- its spelling and phonics rules -- will cripple our progress in mastering the whole language. This new edition of A Greek Alphabetarion has been thoroughly revised and reformatted to make it easier for parents to teach their children, and for older students to learn by themselves. A syllabary (practice blending consonants and vowels) and a chrestomathy (practice reading sample passages) have been added in this new edition. A Greek Alphabetarion teaches the Greek alphabet in alphabetical order, letter by letter, using a rhythmic cadence to aid the student's memorization. Then, it teaches the alphabet in phonetic order, classifying each letter by its sound. A Greek Alphabetarion helps the student step-by-step to master reading Greek before moving on to study Greek grammar. Suitable for all ages, child through adult, in homeschools, private schools, colleges, and seminaries. Pronunciation CD included. Designed to be accompanied by A Greek Hupogrammon: A Beginner's Copybook for the Greek Alphabet with Pronunciations by Harvey Bluedorn.

    English-SpanishSpanish-English28,000 words and phrases-the everyday vocabulary you really needConcise translations and helpful indicatorsBroad coverage of idioms and expressionsModels for irregular verbs

    

    Due to Serbian's similarity to Croatian, the two languages were fused into Serbo-Croat, which was the official language of Yugoslavia until the country divided into various republics in the early 1990s. The user of this dictionary and phrasebook, however, will be clearly understood in Serbia and Montenegro as well as in most of Bosnia and Croatia. Included are a bilingual dictionary with more than 4000 entries, a concise grammar, and a comprehensive phrasebook for students, travelers and foreign aid workers. A commonsense pronunciation guide enables users to speak Serbian without learning the Cyrillic script. A brief history of the language and cultural information are also provided.

    The descriptions provide information on frequency, ecology, geographical relationships and distribution, including information on protected species and those species at risk. This second edition incorporates the very considerable advances in our knowledge of mosses made over the last quarter of the twentieth century and will provide a unique resource for all concerned with these fascinating organisms. First Edition Hb (1978): 0-521-21648-6 First Edition Pb (1980): 0-521-29973-X

    Readers can find the right French phrase for: - Conversing politely and practically in any social setting- Ordering meals and making travel reservations- Shopping in French-speaking regions- Speaking French in business settings- Working within the French community

    

    The explanations and teaching notes are all in English and the course is suitable for complete beginners right through to intermediate level. The references and examples cited guide learners through the various dictionaries, grammars, dialects and forms which they encounter in the course of their studies.

    Yet, most linguists have analysed spoken language, as well as language in general, applying theories and methods that are best suited for written language. Accordingly, there is an extensive 'written language bias' in traditional and present day linguistics and other language sciences. In this book, this point is argued with rich and convincing evidence from virtually all fields of linguistics.

    Christians have chocolate bunnies, candy canes, and blinking Santas. Jews have bitter herbs, nasty fruit rings, and gefilte fish in a glass jar. But even though Jews may not get a tree (or cheeky elves that want to become dentists), they have something better: an amazingly rich holiday tradition that most people (Jews included) don't completely understand. Jewish Holiday Fun. . .for You! reveals just what the Jewish holidays are all about. Barbara Rushkoff, creator of the cult-favorite Jewish-themed zine Plotz, uses her snarky sensibility to provide a satirical yet affectionate deconstruction of each holiday, giving each one its own special pop culture spin. Riotously irreverent, but still perfectly appropriate as a seder gift, this very funny book is for everyone who's Jewish or who wonders what being Jewish is all about.