A comprehensive introduction to the subject, this book shows in detail how such problems can be solved numerically with great efficiency. The focus is on recognizing convex optimization problems and then finding the most appropriate technique for solving them. The text contains many worked examples and homework exercises and will appeal to students, researchers and practitioners in fields such as engineering, computer science, mathematics, statistics, finance, and economics.

    From the very first attempts by the Greeks to grapple with the complexities of our known world to the latest application of infinity in physics, The Road to Reality carefully explores the movement of the smallest atomic particles and reaches into the vastness of intergalactic space. Here, Penrose examines the mathematical foundations of the physical universe, exposing the underlying beauty of physics and giving us one the most important works in modern science writing.

    This book charts its growth and development by sampling from the work of some of its foremost practitioners, beginning with Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in the late seventeenth century and continuing to Henri Lebesgue at the dawn of the twentieth--mathematicians whose achievements are comparable to those of Bach in music or Shakespeare in literature. William Dunham lucidly presents the definitions, theorems, and proofs. Students of literature read Shakespeare; students of music listen to Bach, he writes. But this tradition of studying the major works of the masters is, if not wholly absent, certainly uncommon in mathematics. This book seeks to redress that situation.Like a great museum, The Calculus Gallery is filled with masterpieces, among which are Bernoulli's early attack upon the harmonic series (1689), Euler's brilliant approximation of pi (1779), Cauchy's classic proof of the fundamental theorem of calculus (1823), Weierstrass's mind-boggling counterexample (1872), and Baire's original category theorem (1899). Collectively, these selections document the evolution of calculus from a powerful but logically chaotic subject into one whose foundations are thorough, rigorous, and unflinching--a story of genius triumphing over some of the toughest, most subtle problems imaginable.Anyone who has studied and enjoyed calculus will discover in these pages the sheer excitement each mathematician must have felt when pushing into the unknown. In touring The Calculus Gallery, we can see how it all came to be.

    The content of this book has been used successfully with students whose mathematics background consists of calculus and calculus-based probability. The text gives both precise statements of results, plausibility arguments, and even some proofs, but more importantly intuitive explanations developed and refine through classroom experience with this material are provided. The book includes a self-contained treatment of the probability theory needed for shastic calculus, including Brownian motion and its properties. Advanced topics include foreign exchange models, forward measures, and jump-diffusion processes.This book is being published in two volumes. This second volume develops shastic calculus, martingales, risk-neutral pricing, exotic options and term structure models, all in continuous time.Masters level students and researchers in mathematical finance and financial engineering will find this book useful.Steven E. Shreve is Co-Founder of the Carnegie Mellon MS Program in Computational Finance and winner of the Carnegie Mellon Doherty Prize for sustained contributions to education.

    Using the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality as a guide, Steele presents a fascinating collection of problems related to inequalities and coaches readers through solutions, in a style reminiscent of George Polya, by teaching basic concepts and sharpening problem solving skills at the same time. Undergraduate and beginning graduate students in mathematics, theoretical computer science, statistics, engineering, and economics will find the book appropriate for self-study.

    Developed for the professional Master's program in Computational Finance at Carnegie Mellon, the leading financial engineering program in the U.S.Has been tested in the classroom and revised over a period of several yearsExercises conclude every chapter; some of these extend the theory while others are drawn from practical problems in quantitative finance

    In 1935, aged 22, he developed the mathematical theory upon which all subsequent stored-program digital computers are modeled.At the outbreak of hostilities with Germany in September 1939, he joined the Government Codebreaking team at Bletchley Park, Buckinghamshire and played a crucial role in deciphering Engima, the code used by the German armed forces to protect their radio communications. Turing's work on the versionof Enigma used by the German navy was vital to the battle for supremacy in the North Atlantic. He also contributed to the attack on the cyphers known as Fish, which were used by the German High Command for the encryption of signals during the latter part of the war. His contribution helped toshorten the war in Europe by an estimated two years.After the war, his theoretical work led to the development of Britain's first computers at the National Physical Laboratory and the Royal Society Computing Machine Laboratory at Manchester University.Turing was also a founding father of modern cognitive science, theorizing that the cortex at birth is an unorganized machine which through training becomes organized into a universal machine or something like it. He went on to develop the use of computers to model biological growth, launchingthe discipline now referred to as Artificial Life.The papers in this book are the key works for understanding Turing's phenomenal contribution across all these fields. The collection includes Turing's declassified wartime Treatise on the Enigma; letters from Turing to Churchill and to codebreakers; lectures, papers, and broadcasts which opened upthe concept of AI and its implications; and the paper which formed the genesis of the investigation of Artifical Life.

    * Problem-solving tactics and practical test-taking techniques provide in-depth enrichment and preparation for various math competitions* Comprehensive introduction to trigonometric functions, their relations and functional properties, and their applications in the Euclidean plane and solid geometry* A cogent problem-solving resource for advanced high school students, undergraduates, and mathematics teachers engaged in competition training

    Expanded lessons elaborate on one activity in each chapter, providing examples for creating step-by-step lesson plans for classroom implementation.

    In addition to many of the popular topics and features from John Van de Walle's market-leading textbook, "Elementary and Middle School Mathematics," this volume offers brand-new material specifically written for the middle grades. The expanded grade-specific coverage and unique page design allow readers to quickly and easily locate information to implement in the classroom. Nearly 200 grade-appropriate activities are included. The student-centered, problem-based approach will help students develop real understanding and confidence in mathematics, making this series indispensable for teachers Big Ideas provide clear and succinct explanations of the most critical concepts in 5-8 mathematics. Problem-based activities in Chapters 2-12 provide numerous engaging tasks to help students develop understanding. Assessment Notes illustrate how assessment can be an integral part of instruction and suggest practical assessment strategies. Expanded Lessons elaborate on one activity in each chapter, providing examples for creating step-by-step lesson plans for classroom implementation. A Companion Website (http: //www.ablongman.com/vandewalletscm1e ) provides access to more than 50 reproducible blackline masters to utilize in the classroom. The NCTM Content Standards are provided in the appendix for teachers' reference. Collect all three volumes in the Van de Walle Professional Mathematics Series Each volume provides in-depth coverage at specific grade levels. Teaching Student-Centered Mathematics: Volume One, Grades K-3, ISBN: 0-205-40843-5 Teaching Student-Centered Mathematics: Volume Two, Grades 3-5, ISBN: 0-205-40844-3 Teaching Student-Centered Mathematics: Volume Three, Grades 5-8, ISBN: 0-205-41797-3

    The Fathers of the Philokalia have much to teach about confronting and controlling thoughts. Since the average person experiences 4000 thoughts each day, the experiences of these Fathers over a period of over 1000 years can help us resist the evil thoughts that seek to pollute "the springs of life," i.e. our minds and hearts.

    Bourbaki's, Th orie des Ensembles (1970).

    Its treatment encompasses two broad areas of topology: "continuous topology," represented by sections on convergence, compactness, metrization and complete metric spaces, uniform spaces, and function spaces; and "geometric topology," covered by nine sections on connectivity properties, topological characterization theorems, and homotopy theory. Many standard spaces are introduced in the related problems that accompany each section (340 exercises in all). The text's value as a reference work is enhanced by a collection of historical notes, a bibliography, and index. 1970 edition. 27 figures.

    Practical aspects, such as computer graphics topics and numerical strategies, are covered throughout, and thus students can build a "Geometry Toolbox," based on a geometric understanding of the key concepts. This book covers all the standard linear algebra material for a first-year course; the authors teach by motivation, illustration, and example rather than by using a theorem/proof style. Special Features: - Clear visual representations (more than 200 figures) for improved material comprehension. - Hand-drawn sketches encourage students to create their own sketches when solving problems-developing another layer of learning. - Numerous examples show applications to real-world problems. - Problems at the end of each chapter allow students to test their understanding of the material presented. Solutions to selected problems are provided. - Concise chapter summaries highlight the most important points, giving students focus for their approach to learning. An instructor's manual will be available soon.

    This text aims to meet the needs of hands-on learners using high interest hands-on strategies and ideas for teaching math to learners of all ages.

    The world of numbers was the sole reality for S. Ramanujan, India's most famous mathematician of the twentieth century.

    Now carefully revised and broken down into four volumes to accommodate new developments, the Second Edition retains the original's wealth of wit and wisdom. The authors' insightful strategies, blended with their witty and irreverent style, make reading a profitable pleasure. In Volume 4, the authors present a Diamond of a find, covering one-player games such as Solitaire.

    It covers all the major areas, including finitely generated soluble groups, soluble groups of finite rank, modules over group rings, algorithmic problems, applications of cohomology, and finitely presented groups, while remaining failry strictly within the boundaries of soluable group theory. An up-to-date survey of the area aimed at research students and academic algebraists and group theorists, it is a compendium ofinformation that will be especially useful as a reference work for researchers in the field.

    In his introduction to this seminal work, the renowned physicist Stephen Hawking cuts through Einstein’s mathematical complexities to explain this revolutionary concept in language that excites and informs the reader. This book features selections from a translation of the original essay, The Principle of Relativity, as well as an insightful biography of Einstein and Hawking’s informative summary.

    Industry, banking, and government standards are in place to facilitate extensive deployment of this efficient public-key mechanism.Anchored by a comprehensive treatment of the practical aspects of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), this guide explains the basic mathematics, describes state-of-the-art implementation methods, and presents standardized protocols for public-key encryption, digital signatures, and key establishment. In addition, the book addresses some issues that arise in software and hardware implementation, as well as side-channel attacks and countermeasures. Readers receive the theoretical fundamentals as an underpinning for a wealth of practical and accessible knowledge about efficient application.Features & Benefits:* Breadth of coverage and unified, integrated approach to elliptic curve cryptosystems* Describes important industry and government protocols, such as the FIPS 186-2 standard from the U.S. National Institute for Standards and Technology* Provides full exposition on techniques for efficiently implementing finite-field and elliptic curve arithmetic* Distills complex mathematics and algorithms for easy understanding* Includes useful literature references, a list of algorithms, and appendices on sample parameters, ECC standards, and software toolsThis comprehensive, highly focused reference is a useful and indispensable resource for practitioners, professionals, or researchers in computer science, computer engineering, network design, and network data security.

    This book provides those students with the coherent account that they need. A Companion to Analysis explains the problems that must be resolved in order to procure a rigorous development of the calculus and shows the student how to deal with those problems. Starting with the real line, the book moves on to finite-dimensional spaces and then to metric spaces. Readers who work through this text will be ready for courses such as measure theory, functional analysis, complex analysis, and differential geometry. Moreover, they will be well on the road that leads from mathematics student to mathematician. With this book, well-known author Thomas Korner provides able and hard-working students a great text for independent study or for an advanced undergraduate or first-level graduate course. It includes many stimulating exercises. An appendix contains a large number of accessible but non-routine problems that will help students advance their knowledge and improve their technique.

    This helps the student to move rapidly into a research program. The text covers basic results of functional analysis, approximation theory, Fourier analysis and wavelets, iteration methods for nonlinear equations, finite difference methods, Sobolev spaces and weak formulations of boundary value problems, finite element methods, elliptic variational inequalities and their numerical solution, numerical methods for solving integral equations of the second kind, and boundary integral equations for planar regions. The presentation of each topic is meant to be an introduction with certain degree of depth. Comprehensive references on a particular topic are listed at the end of each chapter for further reading and study.Because of the relevance in solving real world problems, multivariable polynomials are playing an ever more important role in research and applications. In this third editon, a new chapter on this topic has been included and some major changes are made on two chapters from the previous edition. In addition, there are numerous minor changes throughout the entire text and new exercises are added.Review of earlier edition:"...the book is clearly written, quite pleasant to read, and contains a lot of important material; and the authors have done an excellent job at balancing theoretical developments, interesting examples and exercises, numerical experiments, and bibliographical references."R. Glowinski, SIAM Review, 2003

    Major topics include SQL processing with SAS, the SAS macro language, advanced SAS programming techniques, optimizing SAS programs. You will also become familiar with the enhancements and new functionality that are available in SAS 9. Experienced SAS users who want to prepare for this exam will find this guide to be an invaluable, convenient, and comprehensive resource that covers all of the objectives tested on the exam. The text contains quizzes that enable you to test your understanding of material in each chapter. Additionally, solutions to all quizzes are included at the back of the book. Candidates must earn the SAS Certified Base Programmer for SAS 9 credential before taking the SAS Advanced Programming exam for SAS 9. The book includes a companion CD that will enable you to practice your new skills.

    Calculus hasn't changed, but your students have. Today's students have been raised on immediacy and the desire for relevance, and they come to calculus with varied mathematical backgrounds. Thomas' Calculus, Twelfth Edition, helps your students successfully generalize and apply the key ideas of calculus through clear and precise explanations, clean design, thoughtfully chosen examples, and superior exercise sets. Thomas offers the right mix of basic, conceptual, and challenging exercises, along with meaningful applications. This significant revision features more examples, more mid-level exercises, more figures, and improved conceptual flow. The full version of the text contains Chapters 1-16. This version of the text (i.e., Single Variable) contains Chapters 1-11. The Multivariable version of the text contains Chapters 11-16. MyMathLab access is not included with this ISBN.

    They are designed to allow quick access to clearly presented and easy-to-understand explanations of concepts, principles, definitions, examples, and applications. This book was written for students, teachers, tutors, and parents, as well as for scientists and engineers who need to look up principles, definitions, explanations of concepts, and pertinent examples. It provides everything a high school or first year college student needs to know including: explanation of deductive reasoning, how to perform proofs, definitions, theorems, and postulates, Examples pertaining to points, lines, plans, angles, and ratios, coverage on triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, and much more

    While most of them do serve a purpose, the fact remains that data analysis cannot be properly learned without actually doing it, and this means using a statistical software package. There are many of these to choose from as well, all with their particular strengths and weaknesses. Lately, however, one such package has begun to rise above the others thanks to its free availability, its versatility as a programming language, and its interactivity. That software is R. In the first book that directly uses R to teach data analysis, Linear Models with R focuses on the practice of regression and analysis of variance. It clearly demonstrates the different methods available and more importantly, in which situations each one applies. It covers all of the standard topics, from the basics of estimation to missing data, factorial designs, and block designs, but it also includes discussion on topics, such as model uncertainty, rarely addressed in books of this type. The presentation incorporates an abundance of examples that clarify both the use of each technique and the conclusions one can draw from the results. All of the data sets used in the book are available for download from http: //www.stat.lsa.umich.edu/ faraway/LMR/. The author assumes that readers know the essentials of statistical inference and have a basic knowledge of data analysis, linear algebra, and calculus. The treatment reflects his view of statistical theory and his belief that qualitative statistical concepts, while somewhat more difficult to learn, are just as important because they enable us to practice statistics rather than just talk about it.

    Ian Stewart presents us with a wealth of magical puzzles, each one spun around an amazing tale, including Counting the Cattle of the Sun, The Great Drain Robbery, and Preposterous Piratical Predicaments. Fully illustrated with explanatory diagrams, each tale is told with engaging wit, sure to amuse everyone with an interest in puzzles and mathematics. Along the way, we also meet many curious characters. Containing twenty specially-commissioned cartoons, this book will delight all who are familiar with Stewart's many other books, such as What Shape is a Snowflake? and Flatterland and anyone interested in mathematical problems. In short, these stories are engaging, challenging, and lots of fun!

    The material is integrated to emphasize the role of linearity in all of calculus and the recurring theme of implicit versus explicit that persists in linear algebra and analysis. In the text, the author addresses all of the standard computational material found in the usual linear algebra and multivariable calculus courses, and more, interweaving the material as effectively as possible and also including complete proofs. By emphasizing the theoretical aspects and reviewing the linear algebra material quickly, the book can also be used as a text for an advanced calculus or multivariable analysis course culminating in a treatment of manifolds, differential forms, and the generalized Stokes's Theorem.

    This book proposes a general approach that is valid for linear as well as for nonlinear problems. The philosophy is essentially probabilistic and allows the reader to understand the basic difficulties appearing in the resolution of inverse problems. The book attempts to explain how a method of acquisition of information can be applied to actual real-world problems, including many heuristic arguments. Prompted by recent developments in inverse theory, this text is a completely rewritten version of a 1987 book by the same author, and includes many algorithmic details for Monte Carlo methods, least-squares discrete problems, and least-squares problems involving functions. In addition, some notions are clarified, the role of optimization techniques is underplayed, and Monte Carlo methods are taken much more seriously.

    Renowned for their other successful texts in operations research/management science, Winston and Albright successfully show how spreadsheets are used in real life to model and analyze real business problems. By modeling problems using spreadsheets from the outset, SPREADSHEET MODELING AND APPLICATIONS prepares future managers for the types of problems they will encounter on the job. Real cases throughout the text further cement this book's status as the most relevant of its kind on the market. This text is also accompanied by Palisade Corporation's professional spreadsheet add-ins, DecisionTools Suite.

    Topics include the solution of 2nd-order differential equations in terms of power series; gamma and beta functions; Legendre polynomials and functions; Bessel functions; Hermite, Laguerre, and Chebyshev polynomials; more. Includes worked examples and problems with some hints and solutions. 1968 edition. 25 figures.

    This is the book for millions of otherwise successful adults who are afraid to balance their checkbooks and don't know how to figure interest on savings or credit, and for the millions of students who dread their math classes and live in fear of the SAT math section.In Math Magic, Scott Flansburg shows the reader how to:Master the basics, including the real way addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division work Simplify calculations through estimation Quick-check answers Convert metric measures to more familiar ones Figure tips, taxes, and percentages -- never get short-changed again! Master algebra using the nine easy steps to algebraMath Magic is for all of us who need and want to improve our understanding of math. With the help of Flansburg, the Guinness World Record holder as the Fastest Human Calculator, you can do math just like magic.

    His Contemporary Abstract Algebra, 6/e, includes challenging topics in abstract algebra as well as numerous figures, tables, photographs, charts, biographies, computer exercises, and suggested readings that give the subject a current feel and makes the content interesting and relevant for students.

    The book covers all of the major theoretical approaches used to study the mechanics of evolution, including classical one- and two-locus models, diffusion theory, coalescent theory, quantitative genetics, and game theory. There are also chapters on theoretical approaches to the evolution of development and on multilevel selection theory. Each subject is illustrated by focusing on those resultsthat have the greatest power to influence the way that we think about how evolution works. These major results are developed in detail, with many accompanying illustrations, showing exactly how they are derived and how the mathematics relates to the biological insights that they yield. In this way, the reader learns something of the actual machinery of different branches of theory while gaining a deeper understanding of the evolutionary process.Roughly half of the book focuses on gene-based models, the other half being concerned with general phenotype-based theory. Throughout, emphasis is placed on the fundamental relationships between the different branches of theory, illustrating how all of these branches are united by a few basic, universal, principles.The only mathematical background assumed is basic calculus. More advanced mathematical methods are explained, with the help of an extensive appendix, when they are needed.

    Encouraged by the response to the first edition the authors have thoroughly revised Metric Spaces by incorporating suggestions received from the readers.

    Based on the author's teaching notes at the University of Maryland and aimed at a broad audience, this text covers the fundamental topics inclassical logic in an extremely clear, thorough and accurate style that is accessible to all the above. Covering propositional logic, first-order logic, and second-order logic, as well as proof theory, computability theory, and model theory, the text also contains numerous carefully gradedexercises and is ideal for a first or refresher course.

    Topics covered include tensor algebra, differential geometry, topology, Lie groups and Lie algebras, distribution theory, fundamental analysis and Hilbert spaces. The book also includes exercises and proofed examples to test the students' understanding of the various concepts, as well as to extend the text's themes.

    Currently, similar geometric models are being applied to another type of space—the conceptual space of information and meaning, where the contributions of Pythagoras and Einstein are a part of the landscape itself. The rich geometry of conceptual space can be glimpsed, for instance, in internet documents: while the documents themselves define a structure of visual layouts and point-to-point links, search engines create an additional structure by matching keywords to nearby documents in a spatial arrangement of content. What the Geometry of Meaning provides is a much-needed exploration of computational techniques to represent meaning and of the conceptual spaces on which these representations are founded.

    Further complicating this, the field has not changed much over the past 150 years, prompting few authors to address the lackluster or overly complex dichotomy existing among the available texts.The enormously popular first edition of Real Analysis and Foundations gave students the appropriate combination of authority, rigor, and readability that made the topic accessible while retaining the strict discourse necessary to advance their understanding. The second edition maintains this feature while further integrating new concepts built on Fourier analysis and ideas about wavelets to indicate their application to the theory of signal processing. The author also introduces relevance to the material and surpasses a purely theoretical treatment by emphasizing the applications of real analysis to concrete engineering problems in higher dimensions.Expanded and updated, this text continues to build upon the foundations of real analysis to present novel applications to ordinary and partial differential equations, elliptic boundary value problems on the disc, and multivariable analysis. These qualities, along with more figures, streamlined proofs, and revamped exercises make this an even more lively and vital text than the popular first edition.

    He discusses the interactive learning problem; reinforcement and regret; equilibrium; conditional no-regret learning;prediction, postdiction, and calibration; fictitious play and its variants; Bayesian learning; and hypothesis testing.

    GRAPH THEORY WITH APPLICATIONS TO ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE-PHI-DEO, NARSINGH-1979-EDN-1

    His methods are examined through a meticulous analysis of his notebooks and an an epilogue reveals new information about Escher's inspiration.

    This book, containing more than 70 exercises with detailed solutions, is well designed for a course both at the undergraduate and graduate levels.

    (Did you know that the decimal system is based on our having ten fingers and toes?) Beginning with the number systems of antiquity, continuing through the Hindu and Arabic influence on medieval thought, and concluding with an overview of trends in modern mathematical teaching, this is an invaluable work not only for students and educators but for readers of the history of human thought as well. Swiss-American author, educator, and mathematician FLORIAN CAJORI (1859 1930) was one of the world s most distinguished mathematical historians. Appointed to a specially created chair in the history of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley, he also wrote An Introduction to the Theory of Equations, A History of Mathematical Notations, and The Chequered Career of Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler.

    Get a firm grip on core concepts and key material, and test your newfound knowledge with review questions.CliffsQuickReview Math Word Problems gives you a clear, concise, easy-to-use review of the basics of solving math word problems. Introducing each topic, defining key terms, and carefully walking you through each sample problem gives you insight and understanding to solving math word problems. You begin by building a strong foundation in translating expressions, inserting parentheses, and simplifying expressions. On top of that base, you can build your skills for solving word problems:Discover the six basic steps for solving word problemsTranslate English-language statements into equations and then solve themSolve geometry problems involving single and multiple shapesWork on proportion and percent problemsSolve summation problems by using the Board MethodUse tried-and-true methods to solve problems about money, investments, mixtures, and distanceCliffsQuickReview Math Word Problems acts as a supplement to your textbook and to classroom lectures. Use this reference in any way that fits your personal style for study and review — you decide what works best with your needs. Here are just a few ways you can search for information:View the chapter on common errors and how to avoid themGet a glimpse of what you’ll gain from a chapter by reading through the Chapter Check-In at the beginning of each chapterUse the Chapter Checkout at the end of each chapter to gauge your grasp of the important information you need to knowTest your knowledge more completely in the CQR Review and look for additional sources of information in the CQR Resource CenterUse the glossary to find key terms fastWith titles available for all the most popular high school and college courses, CliffsQuickReview guides are a comprehensive resource that can help you get the best possible grades.

    In addition, there are problems published in his numerous papers and books.The invariable peculiarity of these problems was that Arnold did not consider mathematics a game with deductive reasoning and symbols, but a part of natural science (especially of physics), i.e. an experimental science. Many of these problems are still at the frontier of research today and are still open, and even those that are mainly solved keep stimulating new research, appearing every year in journals all over the world.The second part of the book is a collection of commentaries, mostly by Arnold's former students, on the current progress in the problems' solutions (featuring a bibliography inspired by them).This book will be of great interest to researchers and graduate students in mathematics and mathematical physics.

    From a practice of mathematics based on the localized solution (originating in the polemical practices of early Greek science), we see a transition to a practice of mathematics based on the systematic approach (grounded in the deuteronomic practices of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages). A radically new interpretation is accordingly offered of the historical trajectory of pre-modern mathematics.

    The authors present this topic from the perspective of linear representations of finite-oriented graphs (quivers) and homological algebra. The self-contained treatment constitutes an elementary, up-to-date introduction to the subject using, on the one hand, quiver-theoretical techniques and, on the other, tilting theory and integral quadratic forms. Key features include many illustrative examples, plus a large number of end-of-chapter exercises. The detailed proofs make this work suitable both for courses and seminars, and for self-study. The volume will be of great interest to graduate students beginning research in the representation theory of algebras and to mathematicians from other fields.

    

    Professor Wolf provides here a guide that any interested reader with some post-calculus experience in mathematics can read, enjoy, and learn from. It could also serve as a textbook for courses in the foundations of mathematics, at the undergraduate or graduate level. The book is deliberately less structured and more user-friendly than standard texts on foundations, so will also be attractive to those outside the classroom environment wanting to learn about the subject.

    To understand algebra is to possess the power to grow your skills and knowledge so you can ace your courses and possibly pursue further study in math. Algebra II For Dummies is the fun and easy way to get a handle on this subject and solve even the trickiest algebra problems. This friendly guide shows you how to get up to speed on exponential functions, laws of logarithms, conic sections, matrices, and other advanced algebra concepts. In no time you'll have the tools you need to:Interpret quadratic functions Find the roots of a polynomial Reason with rational functions Expose exponential and logarithmic functions Cut up conic sections Solve linear and non linear systems of equations Equate inequalities Simplifyy complex numbers Make moves with matrices Sort out sequences and sets This straightforward guide offers plenty of multiplication tricks that only math teachers know. It also profiles special types of numbers, making it easy for you to categorize them and solve any problems without breaking a sweat. When it comes to understanding and working out algebraic equations, Algebra II For Dummies is all you need to succeed!

    A model has to be constructed, accordingly, to describe the data generation process and to estimate its parameters. Modern tools to accomplish these tasks are provided in this volume, which also demonstrates by example how the tools can be applied.

    Originating from the Medical Research Council's biostatistics unit, David has played a leading role in the Bristol heart surgery and Harold Shipman inquiries.Order a copy of this author's comprehensive text TODAY!The Bayesian approach involves synthesising data and judgement in order to reach conclusions about unknown quantities and make predictions. Bayesian methods have become increasingly popular in recent years, notably in medical research, and although there are a number of books on Bayesian analysis, few cover clinical trials and biostatistical applications in any detail. Bayesian Approaches to Clinical Trials and Health-Care Evaluation provides a valuable overview of this rapidly evolving field, including basic Bayesian ideas, prior distributions, clinical trials, observational studies, evidence synthesis and cost-effectiveness analysis. Covers a broad array of essential topics, building from the basics to more advanced techniques.Illustrated throughout by detailed case studies and worked examples Includes exercises in all chapters Accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of statistics Authors are at the forefront of research into Bayesian methods in medical research Accompanied by a Web site featuring data sets and worked examples using Excel and WinBUGS - the most widely used Bayesian modelling package Bayesian Approaches to Clinical Trials and Health-Care Evaluation is suitable for students and researchers in medical statistics, statisticians in the pharmaceutical industry, and anyone involved in conducting clinical trials and assessment of health-care technology.

    If you leave the blue piece fixed and swing the others around their hinges, a new shape will emerge. Can you guess just by looking what it will be? This is just one of the tricky geometrical gems that will make a puzzler’s mind work overtime. Try drawing a set of variously shaped polygons using only a compass and a ruler (no measuring allowed!), figuring out which of two sculptures is bigger (logic alone won’t give you the answer), and lots more.

    Fuzzy logic is a reasoning system based on a foundation of fuzzy set theory, itself an extension of classical set theory, where set membership can be partial as opposed to all or none, as in the binary features of classical logic. Fuzzy logic is a relatively new discipline in which major advances have been made over the last decade or so with regard to theory and applications. Following on from the successful first edition, this fully updated new edition is therefore very timely and much anticipated. Concentration on the topics of fuzzy logic combined with an abundance of worked examples, chapter problems and commercial case studies is designed to help motivate a mainstream engineering audience, and the book is further strengthened by the inclusion of an online solutions manual as well as dedicated software codes.Senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in most engineering disciplines, academics and practicing engineers, plus some working in economics, control theory, operational research etc, will all find this a valuable addition to their bookshelves.

    New material in this third edition includes: A modernized section on trigonometry An introduction to mathematical modeling Instruction in use of the graphing calculator 2,000 solved problems 3,000 supplementary practice problems and more

    The Liar Paradox and the Towers of Hanoi takes die-hard puzzle mavens on a tour of the world's most enduringly intriguing braintwisters, from Königsberg's Bridges and the Hanoi Towers to Fibonacci's Rabbits, the Four Color Problem, and the Magic Square. Each chapter introduces the basic puzzle, discusses the mathematics behind it, and includes exercises and answers plus additional puzzles similar to the one under discussion. Here is a veritable kaleidoscope of puzzling labyrinths, maps, bridges, and optical illusions that will keep aficionados entertained for hours.Marcel Danesi (Etobicoke, ON, Canada) is the author of Increase Your Puzzle IQ.

    You're sure to get a firm grip on core concepts and key material and be ready for the test with this guide at your side.Whether you're new to functions, analytic geometry, and matrices or just brushing up on those topics, "CliffsQuickReview Precalculus" can help. This guide introduces each topic, defines key terms, and walks you through each sample problem step-by-step. In no time, you'll be ready to tackle other concepts in this book such asArithmetic and algebraic skillsFunctions and their graphsPolynomials, including binomial expansionRight and oblique angle trigonometryEquations and graphs of conic sectionsMatrices and their application to systems of equations"CliffsQuickReview Precalculus" acts as a supplement to your textbook and to classroom lectures. Use this reference in any way that fits your personal style for study and review -- you decide what works best with your needs. You can either read the book from cover to cover or just look for the information you want and put it back on the shelf for later. What's more, you canUse the free Pocket Guide full of essential informationGet a glimpse of what you'll gain from a chapter by reading through the Chapter Check-In at the beginning of each chapterUse the Chapter Checkout at the end of each chapter to gauge your grasp of the important information you need to knowTest your knowledge more completely in the CQR Review and look for additional sources of information in the CQR Resource CenterUse the glossary to find key terms fast.With titles available for all the most popular high school and college courses, CliffsQuickReview guides are a comprehensive resource that can help you get the best possible grades.

    These areas have links with other areas of mathematics, such as logic and harmonic analysis, and are increasingly being used in such areas as computer networks where symmetry is an important feature. Other books cover portions of this material, but this book is unusual in covering both of these aspects and there are no other books with such a wide scope. Peter J. Cameron, internationally recognized for his substantial contributions to the area, served as academic consultant for this volume, and the result is ten expository chapters written by acknowledged international experts in the field. Their well-written contributions have been carefully edited to enhance readability and to standardize the chapter structure, terminology and notation throughout the book. To help the reader, there is an extensive introductory chapter that covers the basic background material in graph theory, linear algebra and group theory. Each chapter concludes with an extensive list of references.

    One of the primary attractions of this theory is its vast diversity of concepts and methods. The main goals of this book are to show the scope of the theory, both in classical and modern directions, and to exhibit its wealth and prospects, beautiful theorems, and powerful techniques. The book is written with graduate students in mind, and the authors nicely balance clarity, completeness, and generality. The exercises in each section serve dual purposes, some intended to improve readers' understanding of the subject and others providing additional information. Formal prerequisites for the major part of the book do not go beyond calculus, complex analysis, integration, and Fourier series and integrals. In later chapters automorphic forms become important, with much of the necessary information about them included in two survey chapters.

    This volume draws heavily from the author's 1979 classic, but it has been revised and expanded to include recent topics which follow naturally from the treatment in the earlier edition, such as the theory of molecular population genetics.

    By looking at learning difficulties in maths from several perspectives, including the language of mathematics, thinking styles and the demands of individual topics, Steve Chinn delivers a comprehensive text that will become an essential classroom companion to anyone who uses it.Whilst considering every aspect concerning maths and learning, this book provides a perfect balance of advice, guidance and practical activities, enabling the reader to:* develop flexible thinking skills* use alternative strategies for pupils to access basic facts* implement effective preventative measures before disaffection sets in* recognise maths anxiety and tackle self-esteem problems* make accurate ongoing assessments of pupils' difficulties* design informal diagnostic procedures.With useful features such as checklists for the evaluation of books, software and test materials, this book highlights essential skills that will allow teachers to diagnose and address maths difficulties and improve standards. It draws on tried and tested methods based on the author's years of classroom experience to provide an authoritative yet highly accessible one-stop classroom resource for all teachers, classroom assistants, Special Educational Needs Co-ordinators, student teachers, and learning support staff.

    • Perfect for children aged 3 and up.• Includes lots of first concept activities such as writing, counting, sorting, color recognition and how to draw.• Wipe-clean pages and the high-quality pen allow activities to be done again and again. Warning:  Choking Hazard - Small parts.  Not intended for children under 3 yrs.

    This book shows real data examples in various ways.

    Completely updated to cover the latest developments, it presents state-of-the-art error control techniques. Coverage of the fundamentals of coding and the applications of codes to the design of real error control systems. Contains the most recent developments of coded modulation, trellises for codes, soft-decision decoding algorithms, turbo coding for reliable data transmission and other areas. There are two new chapters on Reed-Solomon codes and concatenated coding schemes. Also contains hundreds of new and revised examples; and more than 200 illustrations of code structures, encoding and decoding circuits and error performance of many important codes and error control coding systems. Appropriate for those with minimum mathematical background as a comprehensive reference for coding theory.

    In this text, Mandelbrot offers 25 papers from the past 25 years, many related to the famous inkblot figure. Of historical interest are some early images of this fractal object produced with a crude dot-matrix printer. The text includes some items not previously published.

    His mathematical work on the concepts of truth and logical consequence are cornerstones of modern logic, influencing developments in philosophy, linguistics and computer science. Tarski was a charismatic teacher and zealous promoter of his view of logic as the foundation of all rational thought, a bon-vivant and a womanizer, who played the 'great man' to the hilt. Born in Warsaw in 1901 to Jewish parents, he changed his name and converted to Catholicism, but was never able to obtain a professorship in his home country. A fortuitous trip to the United States at the outbreak of war saved his life and turned his career around, even while it separated him from his family for years. By the war's end he was established as a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley. There Tarski built an empire in logic and methodology that attracted students and distinguished researchers from all over the world. From the cafes of Warsaw and Vienna to the mountains and deserts of California, this first full length biography places Tarski in the social, intellectual and historical context of his times and presents a frank, vivid picture of a personally and professionally passionate man, interlaced with an account of his major scientific achievements.

    The contributors to this volume---virtually a list of Who's Who in the World of Puzzles---trace their inspiration to Martin Gardner's puzzle column in Scientific American and to his contributions to the world of recreational mathematics. Tribute to a Mathemagician contains an author index for the two previous books in the collection of books based on the Gatherings for Gardner. Sample puzzles and games include: - Tripos - Black Jack - Chinese ceramic puzzle vessels - Paper folding - Mongolian interlocking puzzles - Rolling block puzzles - Sliding puzzles - Cryptic crosswords - The Panex puzzle - Polyonimo puzzles - and more

    The 31 contributions and the introductory essay by the editor were (with two exceptions) all originally written for the volume.The volume serves a twofold purpose, historical and systematic. One focus is on Bertrand Russell's logic and logical philosophy, taking into account the rich sources of the Russell Archives, many of which have become available only recently. The second equally important aim is to present original research in the broad range of foundational studies that draws on both current conceptions and recent technical advances in the above-mentioned fields. The volume contributes thereby to the well-established body of mathematical philosophy initiated to a large extent by Russell's work.

    This volume is a self-contained, pedagogical exposition of this theory, its foundations and its basic results. Due to the large amount of background material, actions, solutions and bibliography contained within, this unique book can be used as a reference for research as well as a complementary textbook in graduate courses on gravity, supergravity and string theory.

    Such problems arise in many areas, such as computer graphics, robotics, structural biology, and chemistry. The author starts from the basics of topology, assuming no prior exposure to the subject, and moves rapidly up to recent advances in the area, including topological persistence and hierarchical Morse complexes. Algorithms and data structures are presented when appropriate.

    This book establishes the fundamental theorems of the subject in full and rigorous detail, but it also includes two chapters of applications from symplectic topology and quantum cohomology. As a textbook, this volume is suitable for graduate students with strong backgrounds in analysis and topology, but it contains far too much material for a single course to cover, which makes it a useful reference for working mathematicians as well. Annotation © 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

    It begins with the properties of the real numbers and continues with a rigorous treatment of sequences, series, metric spaces, and calculus in one variable. Further subjects include Lebesgue measure and integration on the line, Fourier analysis, and differential equations. In addition to this core material, the book includes a number of interesting applications of the subject matter to areas both within and outside the field of mathematics. The aim throughout is to strike a balance between being too austere or too sketchy, and being so detailed as to obscure the essential ideas. A large number of examples and 500 exercises allow the reader to test understanding, practise mathematical exposition and provide a window into further topics.

    They are stable, particle-like objects, with finite mass and a smooth structure. Examples are monopoles and Skyrmions, Ginzburg-Landau vortices and sigma-model lumps, and Yang-Mills instantons. This book is a comprehensive survey of static topological solitons and their dynamical interactions. Particular emphasis is placed on the solitons which satisfy first-order Bogomolny equations. For these, the soliton dynamics can be investigated by finding the geodesics on the moduli space of static multi-soliton solutions. Remarkable scattering processes can be understood this way. The book starts with an introduction to classical field theory, and a survey of several mathematical techniques useful for understanding many types of topological soliton. Subsequent chapters explore key examples of solitons in one, two, three and four dimensions. The final chapter discusses the unstable sphaleron solutions which exist in several field theories.

    In this thesis I show that, while some intuitions from classical computer science must be jettisoned in the light of modern physics, many others emerge nearly unscathed; and I use powerful tools from computational complexity theory to help determine which are which.In the first part of the thesis, I attack the common belief that quantum computing resembles classical exponential parallelism, by showing that quantum computers would face serious limitations on a wider range of problems than was previously known. In particular, any quantum algorithm that solves the collision problem -- that of deciding whether a sequence of n integers is one-to-one or two-to-one -- must query the sequence Ω(n1/5) times. This resolves a question that was open for years; previously no lower bound better than constant was known. A corollary is that there is no "black-box" quantum algorithm to break cryptographic hash functions or solve the Graph Isomorphism problem in polynomial time. I also show that relative to an oracle, quantum computers could not solve NP-complete problems in polynomial time, even with the help of nonuniform "quantum advice states"; and that any quantum algorithm needs Ω(2n/4/n) queries to find a local minimum of a black-box function on the n-dimensional hypercube. Surprisingly, the latter result also leads to new classical lower bounds for the local search problem. Finally, I give new lower bounds on quantum one-way communication complexity, and on the quantum query complexity of total Boolean functions and recursive Fourier sampling.The second part of the thesis studies the relationship of the quantum computing model to physical reality. I first examine the arguments of Leonid Levin, Stephen Wolfram, and others who believe quantum computing to be fundamentally impossible. I find their arguments unconvincing without a "Sure/Shor separator" -- a criterion that separates the already-verified quantum states from those that appear in Shor's factoring algorithm. I argue that such a separator should be based on a complexity classification of quantum states, and go on to create such a classification. Next I ask what happens to the quantum computing model if we take into account that the speed of light is finite -- and in particular, whether Grover's algorithm still yields a quadratic speedup for searching a database. Refuting a claim by Benioff, I show that the surprising answer is yes. Finally, I analyze hypothetical models of computation that go even beyond quantum computing. I show that many such models would be as powerful as the complexity class PP, and use this fact to give a simple, quantum computing based proof that PP is closed under intersection. On the other hand, I also present one model -- wherein we could sample the entire history of a hidden variable -- that appears to be more powerful than standard quantum computing, but only slightly so.

    It starts with a tour of the Solar System and an overview of its formation that reviews in detail the terrestrial planets, giant planets and minor bodies. It concludes with a discussion of the origin of the Solar System. The text contains numerous useful learning features such as boxed summaries, student exercises with full solutions, and a glossary of terms. It is also supported by a website hosting further teaching materials.

    Modern Actuarial Theory and Practice, Second Edition integrates those changes and presents an up-to-date, comprehensive overview of UK and international actuarial theory, practice and modeling. It describes all of the traditional areas of actuarial activity, but in a manner that highlights the fundamental principles of actuarial theory and practice as well as their economic, financial, and statistical foundations.

    Thus transcendental numbers are an enigmatic species of number: We know they are all around us and yet it requires enormous effort to catch one. More often than not, they slip through our fingers and dissappear back into the dense jungle of numbers. Here we will venture to tame a few of these incredible creatures. In the pages ahead we offer an approach to transcendence that not only includes the intricate analysis but also the beautiful ideas behind the technical details. The phrase "classical transcendental number theory" in the title of this book refers to the most widely known results that were obtained in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The reason for this focus is threefold. Firstly, this body of work requires only the mathematical techniques and tools familiar to advanced undergraduate mathematics students, and thus this area can be appreciated by a wide range of readers. Secondly, the ideas behind modem transcendence results are almost always an elaboration of the classical arguments we will explore here. And finally, and perhaps more importantly, this early work yields the transcendence of such admired and well-known numbers as e, rr, and even 2v'2.

    This book describes the theories of planetary motion that have been developed through the ages, from the homocentric spheres of Eudoxus to Einstein's general theory of relativity. It emphasizes the interaction between progress in astronomy and in mathematics, demonstrating how the two have been inextricably linked since Babylonian times.

    Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

    A treat for both the intellect and the imagination, it profiles the development of logic from ancient to modern times and compellingly examines the nature of logic and its philosophical implications. No prior knowledge of logic is necessary; readers need only an acquaintance with high school mathematics. The author emphasizes understanding, rather than technique, and focuses on such topics as the historical reasons for the formation of Aristotelian logic, the rise of mathematical logic after more than 2,000 years of traditional logic, the nature of the formal axiomatic method and the reasons for its use, and the main results of metatheory and their philosophic import. The treatment of the Gödel metatheorems is especially detailed and clear, and answers to the problems appear at the end.

    The general theory of characteristics receives a remarkably complete and simple treatment, with detailed applications. 175 figures. 1958 edition.