Best of
War

1981

With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa


Eugene B. Sledge - 1981
    Sledge's memoir of his experience fighting in the South Pacific during World War II so devastatingly powerful is its sheer honest simplicity and compassion.Now including a new introduction by Paul Fussell, With the Old Breed presents a stirring, personal account of the vitality and bravery of the Marines in the battles at Peleliu and Okinawa. Born in Mobile, Alabama in 1923 and raised on riding, hunting, fishing, and a respect for history and legendary heroes such as George Washington and Daniel Boone, Eugene Bondurant Sledge (later called "Sledgehammer" by his Marine Corps buddies) joined the Marines the year after the bombing of Pearl Harbor and from 1943 to 1946 endured the events recorded in this book. In those years, he passed, often painfully, from innocence to experience.Sledge enlisted out of patriotism, idealism, and youthful courage, but once he landed on the beach at Peleliu, it was purely a struggle for survival. Based on the notes he kept on slips of paper tucked secretly away in his New Testament, he simply and directly recalls those long months, mincing no words and sparing no pain. The reality of battle meant unbearable heat, deafening gunfire, unimaginable brutality and cruelty, the stench of death, and, above all, constant fear. Sledge still has nightmares about "the bloody, muddy month of May on Okinawa." But, as he also tellingly reveals, the bonds of friendship formed then will never be severed.Sledge's honesty and compassion for the other marines, even complete strangers, sets him apart as a memoirist of war. Read as sobering history or as high adventure, With the Old Breed is a moving chronicle of action and courage.

Good Night, Mr. Tom


Michelle Magorian - 1981
    Timid, scrawny Willie Beech -- the abused child of a single mother -- is evacuated to the English countryside. At first, he is terrified of everything, of the country sounds and sights, even of Mr. Tom, the gruff, kindly old man who has taken him in. But gradually Willie forgets the hate and despair of his past. He learns to love a world he never knew existed, a world of friendship and affection in which harsh words and daily beatings have no place. Then a telegram comes. Willie must return to his mother in London. When weeks pass by with no word from Willie, Mr. Tom sets out for London to look for the young boy he has come to love as a son.

The War of the End of the World


Mario Vargas Llosa - 1981
    Inspired by a real episode in Brazilian history, Mario Vargas Llosa tells the unforgettable story of an apocalyptic movement, led by a mysterious prophet, in which prostitutes, beggars and bandits establish Canudos, a new republic, a libertarian paradise.~publisher's web site

The Book of Ebenezer Le Page


G.B. Edwards - 1981
    Eighty years old, Ebenezer has lived his whole life on the Channel Island of Guernsey, a stony speck of a place caught between the coasts of England and France yet a world apart from either. Ebenezer himself is fiercely independent, but as he reaches the end of his life he is determined to tell his own story and the stories of those he has known. He writes of family secrets and feuds, unforgettable friendships and friendships betrayed, love glimpsed and lost. The Book of Ebenezer Le Page is a beautifully detailed chronicle of a life, but it is equally an oblique reckoning with the traumas of the twentieth century, as Ebenezer recalls both the men lost to the Great War and the German Occupation of Guernsey during World War II, and looks with despair at the encroachments of commerce and tourism on his beloved island.G. B. Edwards labored in obscurity all his life and completed The Book of Ebenezer Le Page shortly before his death. Published posthumously, the book is a triumph of the storyteller’s art that conjures up the extraordinary voice of a living man.

At Dawn We Slept: The Untold Story of Pearl Harbor


Gordon W. Prange - 1981
    This gripping study scrupulously reconstructs the Japanese attack, from its conception (less than a year before the actual raid) to its lightning execution; & it reveals the true reason for the American debacle: the insurmountable disbelief in the Japanese threat that kept America from heeding advance warnings & caused leaders to ignore evidence submitted by our own intelligence sources. Based on 37 years of intense research & countless interviews, & incorporating previously untranslated documents, At Dawn We Slept is history with the dramatic sweep of a martial epic.

War Music: An Account of Books 1-4 and 16-19 of Homer's Iliad


Christopher Logue - 1981
    Compulsively readable, Logue's poetry flies off the page, and his compelling descriptions of the horrors of war have a surreal, dreamlike quality that has been compared to the films of Kurosawa. Retaining the great poem's story line but rewriting every incident, Logue brings the Trojan War to life for modern audiences.

Lee The Last Years


Charles Bracelen Flood - 1981
    Lee lived only another five years - the forgotten chapter of an extraordinary life. These were his finest hours, when he did more than any other American to heal the wounds between North and South. Flood draws on new research to create an intensely human and a "wonderful, tragic, and powerful . . . story for which we have been waiting over a century" (Theodore H. White).

The Centurions


Damion Hunter - 1981
    Half-brothers, sons of a brilliant general. One, son of a slave woman, is a born warrior destined to excel. The other, nobleman by birth, must struggle relentlessly to succeed. When they both join the Centuriate, a position Flavius has always known he will inherit, and one that Correus has long coveted, it is together that they face the brutal reality of war. Fighting German barbarians will prove dangerous, not only to their bodies, but to their souls as well… The Centurions, book one in this epic Roman adventure trilogy, is perfect for fans of Simon Scarrow and Ben Kane

Moments of Reprieve


Primo Levi - 1981
    Levi was a master storyteller but he did not write fairytales. These stories are an elegy to the human figures who stood out against the tragic background of Auschwitz, 'the ones in whom I had recognized the will and capacity to react, and hence a rudiment of virtue'. Each centres on an individual who - whether it be through a juggling trick, a slice of apple or a letter - discovers one of the 'bizarre, marginal moments of reprieve'.The English edition includes just one section of the three originally published in Italian under the title 'Lilít', tales from the other two sections have been published in 'A Tranquil Star'.

Nam: The Vietnam War in the Words of the Men and Women Who Fought There


Mark Baker - 1981
    Men and women, officers and draftees, prowar and antiwar veterans, all give personal accounts of the bloodshed they witnessed, and the horrifying circumstances they survived. Grunts recount losing their friends in combat; doctors remember the patients whose lives they desperately tried to save; soldiers try to understand how they could become willing participants in the slaughter of innocent civilians; and veterans, back in the US, discuss dealing with nightmares and a life far away from the constant presence of war.

Nella Last's War: The Second World War Diaries of 'Housewife, 49'


Nella Last - 1981
    When war broke out, Nella's younger son joined the army while the rest of the family tried to adapt to civilian life. Writing each day for the "Mass Observation" project, Nella, a middle-aged housewife from the bombed town of Barrow, shows what people really felt during this time. This was the period in which she turned 50, saw her children leave home, and reviewed her life and her marriage - which she eventually compares to slavery. Her growing confidence as a result of her war work makes this a moving (though often comic) testimony, which, covering sex, death and fear of invasion, provides a new, unglamorised, female perspective on the war years. (For example, Nella writes :'Next to being a mother, I'd have loved to write books.' Oct 8, 1939.)

Vietnam: The Ten Thousand Day War


Michael Maclear - 1981
    

Death March: The Survivors of Bataan


Donald Knox - 1981
    Photographs and maps.

Chronicle of Youth: The War Diary, 1913-1917


Vera Brittain - 1981
    Beginning in the carefree summer of 1913, she follows the shocking onset of war, and the tragic loss of her brother, her fiancé, and most of their young set in the horror that was WWI. Vera herself abandoned Oxford to train as a nurse, and spent the rest of the War tending the wounded-including German POWs. Written in London, Malta, and France, they capture all the war's horrors and Brittain's emergence as a committed pacifist. "One of the rare books which are a landmark for a whole generation."--Times Literary Supplement.

Night Witches: The Amazing Story of Russia's Women Pilots in WWII


Bruce Myles - 1981
    The result—three entire regiments of women pilots and bombers—was a phenomenon unmatched in World II. Through interviews with these courageous pilots, the author uncovers their story. Soon to be a major motion picture.

Flames Across the Border: 1813-1814


Pierre Berton - 1981
    border was in flames as the War of 1812 continued. York's parliament buildings were on fire, Niagara-on-the-Lake burned to the ground and Buffalo lay in ashes. Even the American capital of Washington, far to the south, was put to the torch. The War of 1812 had become one of the nineteenth century's bloodiest struggles.Flames Across the Border is a compelling evocation of war at its most primeval level — the muddy fields, the frozen forests and the ominous waters where men fought and died. Pierre Berton skilfully captures the courage, determination and terror of the universal soldier, giving new dimension and fresh perspective to this early conflict between the two emerging nations of North America.

Some Desperate Glory: The World War I Diary of a British Officer, 1917


Edwin Campion Vaughan - 1981
    A snobbish, inept and generally insufferable youngster when he joined the frontline regiment, Vaughan was eventually humbled both by the tongue-lashings of superiors and by his ego-shattering experiences in the trenches. He is frank about his fear of death, which renders the material in the latter half of the diary all the more moving, for one discerns that Vaughan is gradually turning into a brave and capable leader of infantry. Some entries are punctuated by mad laughter while, at the same time, a tone of despair becomes more evident..."

Battle-Cruisers: A History 1908-48


Ronald Bassett - 1981
     Fast and heavy-gunned, the battle-cruiser could overhaul and destroy anything at sea except the battleship. The brain child of Admiral Jacky Fisher, the battle-cruiser was intended to be light, fast, and able to avoid action with ships-of-the-line. However, the battle-cruisers came to be treated as fast battleships …And expected to fight as a battleship. But their design rendered them vulnerable and left them outmatched. This weakness was cruelly exposed at the battle of Jutland in 1916, where three of the battle-cruisers exploded. Known as the ‘Splendid Cats’ for their speed and viciousness, battle cruisers fought at Heligoland Bight, the Falkland’s Islands, Dogger Bank and Jutland. Following the First World War the battle-cruisers biggest enemy was the scrapyard. Once more the world was plunged into war, and four battle-cruisers would be lost during the Second World War. The most famous is perhaps the Hood, following the action against the Bismark. Only the Renown survived both world wars, yet she was condemned to the breaker’s yard in the summer of 1948. From the far side of the world to home waters, the battle-cruisers played a vital part in the British war effort. Combining meticulous research with a novelist’s flair for storytelling, Battle-Cruisers vividly describes the life and times of the sixteen battle-cruisers built for the Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy. Yet ships do not fight on their own. This is also the story of the men who served, lived, fought and faced adversity in these floating worlds. Ronald Bassett (1924-1996) was born in Chelsea. During the Munich crisis, at age fourteen, he falsified enlistment papers to become a Rifleman of the King's Royal Rifle Corps (60th Rifles). Following active service, he was exposed and discharged. In his records, his colonel noted, ‘A good soldier. I am sorry to lose him.' Undismayed, he immediately entered the Royal Navy, in which he remained for fourteen years, serving in the Arctic, North Atlantic, Mediterranean, the Far East and, later, Korea. He died in Surrey.

Hiroshima No Pika


Toshi Maruki - 1981
    Hiroshima. JapanA little girl and her parentsare eating breakfast,and then it happened.HIROSHIMA NO PIKA.This book is dedicated to the fervent hope the Flashwill never happen again,anywhere.

Chosin: Heroic Ordeal of the Korean War


Eric Hammel - 1981
    He then plunges right into the action: the massing of Chinese forces in about ten-to-one strength; the Marines' command problems due to the climate and terrain and high-level over confidence; and the onset of the overwhelming Chinese assault.With a wealth of tactical detail and small-unit action Chosin: Heroic Ordeal of the Korean War is the most complete book written to date on this iconic battle. Author Eric Hammel's masterful account offers invaluable perspective on war at the gut level.

Last Waltz in Vienna


George Clare - 1981
    His family was proudly Austrian; they were also Jewish, and two weeks later came the German Anschluss. This incredibly affecting account of Nazi brutality towards the Jews includes a previously unpublished post-war letter from the author’s uncle to a friend who had escaped to Scotland. This moving epistle passes on the news of those who had survived and the many who had been arrested, deported, murdered, or left to die in concentration camps, and those who had been orphaned or lost their partners or children. It forms a devastating epilogue to what has been hailed as a classic of holocaust literature.

Unit Pride


John McAleer - 1981
    Billy, the brawler with a chip on his shoulder, is only a seventeen-year-old punk from the slums of Boston. Dewey is a tough, young Texan who boasts he's not afraid of killing or being killed. These two strangers' lives are thrown together and altered forever by a war that we couldn't win. Unit Pride, hailed as one of the greatest war stories of our time, tells not only of the wages of war, but of the bond of friendship in unlikely places. For both Billy and Dewey, it is kill or be killed, and each looked to the other to make it through the war alive. In the worst of times they leaned on each other to survive nightmarish ordeals such as watching a prisoner get rifle-whipped in the face, then hearing him being shot to death in a nearby thicket. In the best of times they staved off boredom and depression by befriending French Legionnaires and patronizing the local Korean brothels. Unit Pride is the emotional and gripping story of mid-twentieth-century warfare, of courage and camaraderie, and what it takes to be a hero.John McAleer, while a professor at Boston College, received a letter from Billy Dickson, who was serving time in Walpole State Penitentiary for bank robbery. McAleer encouraged Dickson to write about his Korean War experiences, and thus began a 1,200-letter correspondence between McAleer and Dickson that developed into this novel.

Eagles of Mitsubishi: The Story of the Zero Fighter


Jiro Horikoshi - 1981
    

The Pacific War: 1941-1945


John Edmond Costello - 1981
    ... Unearths new and fascinating material." —The Times (London)The definitive one-volume account of World War II in the Pacific theater—the first book to weave together the separate stories of the fighting in China, Malaya, Burma, the East Indies, the Philippines, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and the Aleutians.The Pacific War provides a brilliantly clear account of one of the most massive movements of men and arms in history—and meticulously analyzes the complex social, political, and economic causes that underlay the war, enabling the reader to better understand the conflict as the inevitable result of a series of historical events.Captured in breathtaking detail are the bloody battles—Midway, Guadalcanal, Okinawa, Iwo Jima—that ultimately shaped the modern world. These fiery clashes of great navies and armies still resonate loudly to this day. The Pacific War is the complete story of possibly the most cataclysmic chapter in the annals of human conflict—from its explosive opening salvo at Pearl Harbor to its ominous conclusion in the mushroom clouds of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

My Longest Night


Genevieve Duboscq - 1981
    She and her family, including an illiterate, abusive, alcoholic but resourceful father, rescued and sheltered scores of them. In a childlike style that reflects the excitement of those dramatic, danger-filled days, she relives the emotions of the irrepressible and plucky young heroine as she and her mother nursed the wounded and comforted the dying, both American and German, while her father salvaged precious stores from the water. Duboscq, severely injured and disfigured in a land-mine explosion that killed her brother, credits surviving five years of surgical procedures, and the tribulations of later life, in part to the inspiration she derived from the suffering and bravery of the soldiers she met during this childhood experience, an act of courage for which she was awarded France's Legion of Honor.

Boys, Bombs and Brussels Sprouts


J. Douglas Harvey - 1981
    Like hundreds of other young Canadians, he discovered love, sex, fighting, dying, booze and European living - all at once.In this compelling, lively book he remembers in viivd detail the joys and horrors of war in the air.

A Sense of Honor


James Webb - 1981
    It stands as a testament to those whose devotion to duty, honor, and country is only strengthened by their willingness to question it.

Order in Chaos: The Memoirs of General of Panzer Troops Hermann Balck


Hermann Balck - 1981
    His brilliantly fought battles were masterpieces of tactical agility, mobile counterattack, and the technique of Auftragstaktik, or "mission command." However, because he declined to participate in the U.S. Army's military history debriefing program, today he is known only to serious students of the war.Drawing heavily on his meticulously kept wartime journals, Balck discusses his childhood and his career through the First and Second World Wars. His memoir details the command decision-making process as well as operations on the ground during crucial battles, including the Battle of the Marne in World War I and his incredible victories against a larger and better-equipped Soviet army at the Chir River in World War II. Balck also offers observations on Germany's greatest generals, such as Erich Ludendorff and Heinz Guderian, and shares his thoughts on international relations, domestic politics, and Germany's place in history. Available in English for the first time in an expertly edited and annotated edition, this important book provides essential information about the German military during a critical era in modern history.

The Rand McNally Encyclopedia Of Military Aircraft, 1914-1980


Enzo Angelucci - 1981
    A comprehensive source of information on all military aircraft, complete with technical data, history, and hundreds of full-color and black-and-white photographs and illustrations.

In the Ruins of the Reich


Douglas Botting - 1981
    Botting concentrates on the defining events that took place in the period between the collapse of the Third Reich and the foundation of the new Germanys to create the prevailing atmosphere of a most unusual and little-charted time in history. This was a period when four of the strongest industrial nations to emerge from World War Two attempted to work together to govern the once strong Germany, now prostate, impoverished and devastated by war and defeat. Telling the story of the dynamics between occupiers and occupied, the crimes perpetrated by both and the Imperial tendencies of the occupiers, Botting shows that the plan to bring democracy to Germany was far from flawless or straightforward. Timely republication of a classic book on a fascinating but often overlooked period in the history of the Second World War. Published to Coincide with the 60th Anniversary of the end of World War II. 'Graphic and moving...the Germans paid a frightful price for their sins of conquest' Desmond Albrow, Sunday Telegraph

Red Star in Orbit


James Edward Oberg - 1981
    AcknowledgmentsForewordAt home in orbitThe birth of SputnikThe Nedelin catastropheMan & woman in space The Voskhod folliesDeath & disaster The mooon-race cover-up The long climb back Secret space cities The Salyut-6 breakthroughThrough the Zero-G barrierThings to comeAppendicesBiographiesGuest CosmonautsSoviet Man-Related Space ShotsAnnotated BibliographySources of Current InformationOpen QuestionsIndex

Mr. Kipling's Army: All the Queen's Men


Byron Farwell - 1981
    The battles it fought are household words, but the idiosyncracies and eccentricities of its soldiers and the often appalling conditions under which they lived have gone largely unrecorded. Byron Farwell explores here the lives of officers and men, their foibles, gallantry, and diversions, their discipline and their rewards.

Auchinleck: The Lonely Soldier


Philip Warner - 1981
    Yet his talent ensured his career flourished despite his Indian Army background and he was the first Commander of 8th Army in North Africa. Despite great political interference, he stopped Rommel s Afrika Corps at 1st Alamein only to be sacked by Churchill. After a spell in the wilderness he became C in C India during the dark period of Partition and, ironically, had to preside over the destruction of his beloved Indian Army.A private man of great humor and integrity he refused to be drawn into discussing or criticizing his tormentors be they Churchill, Montgomery or Mountbatten. He always argued that history would be his judge.This is a super piece of military biography by one of the most respected post war military historians."

The Image of War: 1861-1865, Volume 1: Shadows of the Storm


William C. Davis - 1981
    

Dream Traders


E.V. Thompson - 1981
    Young Cornishman Luke Trewarne is in the Far East to make his fortune, but his plans are threatened by his ideals combined with a growing love for China, its people, and a beautiful Chinese boat-girl. Challenged by the brutal intrigues of those with the most to gain from the squalor and degradation of the opium trade, Trewarne finds an ally in the Tartar hero of China’s “Bannermen” army. Together, they meet with both triumph and disaster.

The Door Marked Summer


Michael Bentine - 1981
    Comedian Michael Bentine describes his many encounters with the paranormal, initially as his father researched this subject and also into his adult life.

Typhoon, the Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944


C. Raymond Calhoun - 1981
    Third Fleet weathered a severe typhoon in the Philippine Sea.

Follow Me I: The Human Element in Leadership (Follow Me (World Books Paperback)) (v. 1)


Aubrey S. Newman - 1981
    Army's most influential officers.

Everything We Had: An Oral History of the Vietnam War


Al Santoli - 1981
    A 1983 American Book Award nominee.

Pacific Breakthrough


Lawrence Cortesi - 1981
     It’s April 1944, half a dozen B-29 Superfortress planes have just landed in China to join the new US 20th Air Force, and the war in the Pacific is about to turn. The plan is to begin the first systematic bombing of Japan, but the path between here and there is littered with Japanese fighter planes and anti-aircraft guns, and such a mission is surely suicide. The solution? Take the islands of Saipan, Tinian and Guam from the Japanese and use them as US force bases instead. No mean feat. Especially when the enemy forces are determined not to give up without a fight. But with the faith of Admiral Nimitz, time running out and no other options, everything rested on perfect planning and bravery and resilience of those involved… In Cortesi’s trademark style, Pacific Breakthrough tells the true story of ‘Operation Forager’ through clever novelisation. This World War II US offensive mission to take essential islands in the Pacific Ocean would call for nearly 1000 navy bombers and fighters as well as over 60 destroyers, 21 cruisers and 6 battleships, with 50,000 troops and another 50,000 support troops required just for the Saipan stage of the mission alone. Operation Forager would mean the largest journey for an invasion fleet in the entire history of amphibious warfare. Praise for Lawrence Cortesi "A HYBRID OF HISTORY AND DOCUDRAMA... INFORMATIVE, DETAILED AND INVOLVING" - LibraryThing Lawrence Cortesi was an American school teacher and prolific writer, who published multiple books, often telling history as a story in his trademark style. Born on August 6, 1923, he married Frances Barringer and had four children. He died on October 12, 1987.

The Finnish Revolution 1917 - 1918


Anthony F. Upton - 1981
    

Revolutionary Empire: The Rise of the English-Speaking Empire from the Fifteenth Century to the 1780s


Angus Calder - 1981
    Calder interweaves English, Irish, Scottish and colonial events into a single pattern. He concerns himself with social and intellectual history, as well as with political and economic developments.

Torpedo Run


Douglas Reeman - 1981
    On the Black Sea, the Russians were fighting a desperate battle to wrest control of its waterways from the Germans. But the Russians' one real weakness was on the water: whatever they did, the Germans did it better, and the daring hit-and-run tactics of the E-boats plagued them. At last the British agreed to send them a small flotilla of motor torpedo boats (MTBs) under the command of John Devane. Devane had been in the Roval Navy since the outbreak of war. More than a veteran, he was a survivor - and the two rarely went together in the savage war of MTBs. Given command at short notice, Devane soon learned that, even against the vast and raging background of the Eastern Front, war could still be a personal duel between individuals.

Target Berlin: Mission 250: 6 March 1944


Jeffrey L. Ethell - 1981
    The price they paid for their audacity was high: sixty-nine heavy bombers and eleven escort fighters failed to return, the highest number in any raid mounted by the 8th Air Force. This account of the mission is a compellingly readable, skillfully researched, minute-by-minute description. It is also the first book on the subject to look at events from the perspective of both sides, drawing on material from over 160 USAAF personnel, Luftwaffe pilots, civilians and German flak gunners. Target Berlin captures the excitement and drama of the operation, bringing to the fore the mounting horror of a mission plagued by misfortune, strong defenses and bad luck. The gripping narrative also sheds light on what it was like to be in Berlin as the bombs began to fall.

Spitfire Into Battle


W.G.G. Duncan Smith - 1981
    This account presents his dramatic story of the air war from the cockpit of the now legendary spitfire. As a pre-war RAFVR pilot Duncan Smith completed his training during the first year of war. From contact with pilots seasoned over France and in the Battle of Britain, 'Smithy', as he was popularly known, became convinced that effective air fighting required a combination of strong leadership and teamwork. This is the thrilling account if his experiences, flying in formation and solo, written with an immediacy that places the reader in the cockpit along with him.

History of the Pequot War: The Contemporary Accounts of Mason, Underhill, Vincent and Gardener (1897)


Charles Ebert Orr - 1981
    The war concluded with the decisive defeat of the Pequots. At the end, about seven hundred Pequots had been killed or taken into captivity. Hundreds of prisoners were sold into slavery to the West Indies; other survivors were dispersed as captives to the victorious tribes. The result was the elimination of the Pequot tribe as a viable polity in Southern New England. The colonial authorities classified them as extinct. Survivors remained in the area but were absorbed into other local tribes. In the late 20th century, people claiming to be descended from the Pequot tribe gained federal recognition as a modern-day tribe, and were given reserves of land along the Thames and Mystic rivers in southeastern Connecticut. In 1897 Charles Orr (1858-1927) a book merchant and librarian published a "History of the Pequot War" which provides interesting contemporary accounts of this war.

Blood & Honour


Shaun Hutson - 1981
    The German armies are collapsing on all fronts. In a sealed church in a remote French village, 250 women and children are ruthlessly slaughtered by desperate Germans acting under orders they dare not obey. And for Sergeant Herzog, awarded the Iron Cross for his part in the massacre, it is the beginning of another war...A war of principle as he faces court-martial for his refusal to wear the Cross.A war of strength and courage when, humiliated and stripped of rank, he is sent to the Eastern Front to fight in the bloodiest retreat in history.A war of pride when he finds himself confronting the arrogant Captain Ritter - an enemy as ruthless as the approaching Russians.