Best of
Technology

1981

The Soul of a New Machine


Tracy Kidder - 1981
    Tracy Kidder got a preview of this world in the late 1970s when he observed the engineers of Data General design and build a new 32-bit minicomputer in just one year. His thoughtful, prescient book, The Soul of a New Machine, tells stories of 35-year-old "veteran" engineers hiring recent college graduates and encouraging them to work harder and faster on complex and difficult projects, exploiting the youngsters' ignorance of normal scheduling processes while engendering a new kind of work ethic.These days, we are used to the "total commitment" philosophy of managing technical creation, but Kidder was surprised and even a little alarmed at the obsessions and compulsions he found. From in-house political struggles to workers being permitted to tease management to marathon 24-hour work sessions, The Soul of a New Machine explores concepts that already seem familiar, even old-hat, less than 20 years later. Kidder plainly admires his subjects; while he admits to hopeless confusion about their work, he finds their dedication heroic. The reader wonders, though, what will become of it all, now and in the future. —Rob Lightner

Computer Networks


Andrew S. Tanenbaum - 1981
    In this revision, the author takes a structured approach to explaining how networks function.

Eagles of Mitsubishi: The Story of the Zero Fighter


Jiro Horikoshi - 1981
    

2081: A Hopeful View of the Human Future


Gerard K. O'Neill - 1981
    Absorbing, readable, brilliantly imaginative but always grounded in fact, 2081 is a wonderful look at the world of tomorrow, a new 1984, but one that looks forward to a bright future.

A Dream of Wings: Americans and the Airplane, 1875-1905


Tom D. Crouch - 1981
    For decades prior, a small community of engineers, scientists, and dreamers—men named Chanute and Langley and Herring—had tried to make the ascent in every conceivable craft, from kites and gliders to an assortment of powered flying models.These imaginative people and their wonderful contraptions are brought to life in Tom Crouch's classic A Dream of Wings. In the quest for flight, aeronautical societies were formed and broke apart, successes were celebrated, hopes rose and fell, and lessons were learned and built upon. The dreamers who blazed the path to a flying machine are bravely realized in these delightful pages.

Victims of Progress


John H. Bodley - 1981
    It shows how these small-scale societies have survived by organizing politically to defend their basic human rights, and shows that they are now being impacted by oil and natural gas development and tropical deforestation, as well as global warming. This compelling account of the effects of technology and development on indigenous peoples throughout the world examines major issues of intervention: social engineering, economic development, self-determination, health and disease, and ecocide. Victims of Progress provides a provocative context in which to think about civilization and its costs. In this new fifth edition, Bodley provides extensive new discussions on the increased political power of the Nunavut in the Canadian Arctic, the role of indigenous people in the Arctic Council, shifts in Aboriginal rights in Australia, and many new developments on the impact of global warming on indigenous populations around the world.

The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Space Technology


Kenneth W. Gatland - 1981
    

Gossamer Odyssey: The Triumph of Human-Powered Flight


Morton Grosser - 1981
    Recent 100th anniversary of manned flight has heightened interest in the basics of flight. Author Grosser covers the history of human-powered flight including the various unsuccessful efforts in Europe (Italy, Germany, and France) following World War I as well as programs in England and Japan following World War II. The development and flight of the first successful human-powered aircraft, the Gossamer Condor, is covered in great detail. Grosser, who was a member of both of the Gassamer teams, provides an expert account that is fully accessible to the layperson and demonstrates how the channel crossing was an incredibly challenging undertaking despite the earlier success of the Condor. The Gossamer Albatross's human-powered flight from England to France across the Channel was a trumph of both man and machine.About the AuthorMorton Grosser is a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (B.S. and M.S.) and Stanford Universtiy (Ph.D.). Author of seven books and numerous technical papers, his writing has also been published in The New Yorker, Harper's, and The Atlantic. Dr. Grosser is a management and technology consultant based in Menlo Park, California.

Blaming Technology: The Irrational Search for Scapegoats


Samuel C. Florman - 1981
    

The Finite Element Method in Engineering


Singiresu S. Rao - 1981
    Written by bestselling author S.S. Rao, this book provides students with a thorough grounding of the mathematical principles for setting up finite element solutions in civil, mechanical, and aerospace engineering applications. The new edition of this textbook includes examples using modern computer tools such as MatLab, Ansys, Nastran, and Abaqus.This book discusses a wide range of topics, including discretization of the domain; interpolation models; higher order and isoparametric elements; derivation of element matrices and vectors; assembly of element matrices and vectors and derivation of system equations; numerical solution of finite element equations; basic equations of fluid mechanics; inviscid and irrotational flows; solution of quasi-harmonic equations; and solutions of Helmhotz and Reynolds equations. New to this edition are examples and applications in Matlab, Ansys, and Abaqus; structured problem solving approach in all worked examples; and new discussions throughout, including the direct method of deriving finite element equations, use of strong and weak form formulations, complete treatment of dynamic analysis, and detailed analysis of heat transfer problems. All figures are revised and redrawn for clarity.This book will benefit professional engineers, practicing engineers learning finite element methods, and students in mechanical, structural, civil, and aerospace engineering.

Color Dictionary of Flowers and Plants for Home and Garden


Roy Hay - 1981
    Presented in collaboration with The Royal Horticultural Society.

Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning


G.F. Hundy - 1981
    Clear and straightforward, it is designed for students (NVQ/vocational level) and professional HVAC engineers, including those on short or CPD courses. Inexperienced readers are provided with a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of the technology. With its concise style yet broad sweep the book covers most of the applications professionals will encounter, enabling them to understand, specify, commission, use and maintain these systems. Many readers will appreciate the clarity with which the book covers the subject without swamping them with detailed technical or product specific information.New material in this edition includes the latest developments in refrigerants and lubricants, together with updated information on compressors, heat exchangers, liquid chillers, electronic expansion valves, controls and cold storage. Topics also covered include efficiency, environmental impact, split systems, retail refrigeration (supermarket systems and cold rooms), industrial systems, fans, air infiltration and noise.Author InformationGuy Hundy studied Mechanical Engineering at Leeds University, UK. He started his career in the refrigeration industry with J & E Hall Ltd, Dartford. In 1985 he joined Copeland Europe and in 1998 he was appointed Director, Application Engineering, Copeland Europe. He has authored and co-authored papers and articles on compressors, applications and refrigerant changeover topics. Guy Hundy is a Chartered Engineer and works as a Technical Consultant. He is past - President of the Institute of Refrigeration. * Covers principles, methods and application of refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pumps in a concise volume, without the encumbrance of handbook information found in other volumes* Ideal for students, and professionals in other disciplines, not too theoretical but with sufficient depth to give an understanding of the issues, this book takes the reader from the fundamentals, through to system design, applications, contract specifications and maintenance* Full revision by Guy Hundy with new diagrams and illustrations

6502 Assembly Language Subroutines


Lance A. Leventhal - 1981
    It contains an overview of assembly language programming for a particular microprocessor and a collection of useful routines. In writing the routines, we have used a standard format, documentation package, and parameter passing techniques. We have followed the rules of the original manufacturer's assembler and have described the purpose, procedure, parameters, results, execution time, and memory usage of each routine. This overview of assembly language programming provides a summary for those who do not have the time or need for a complete textbook such as is provided already in the Assembly Language Programming series. Chapter 1 contains an introduction to assembly language programming for the particular processor and a brief summary of the major features that differentiate this processor from other microprocessors and minicomputers. Chapter 2 describes how to implement instructions and addressing modes that are not explicitly available. Chapter 3 discusses common errors that the programmer is likely to encounter. The collection of routines emphasizes common tasks that occur in many applications such as code conversion, array manipulation, arithmetic, bit manipulation, shifting functions, string manipulation, summation, sorting, and searching. We have also provided examples of I/O routines, interrupt service routines, and initialization routines for common family chips such as parallel interfaces, serial interfaces, and timers. You should be able to use these routines as subroutines in actual applications and as guidelines for more complex programs.

The Social Control of Technology


David Collingridge - 1981
    The author attempts to explain why it is so difficult to evaluate new technology, developing a theory of decision-making based on understanding rather than initial ignorance.

Population and Technology


Ester Boserup - 1981
    

Emulation And Invention


Brooke Hindle - 1981