Best of
Sociology

1985

Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families


J. Anthony Lukas - 1985
    The book traces the history of three families: the working-class African-American Twymons, the working-class Irish McGoffs, and the middle-class Yankee Divers. It gives brief genealogical histories of each families, focusing on how the events they went through illuminated Boston history, before narrowing its focus to the racial tension of the 1960s and the 1970s. Through their stories, Common Ground focuses on racial and class conflicts in two Boston neighborhoods: the working-class Irish-American enclave of Charlestown and the uneasily integrated South End.

Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business


Neil Postman - 1985
    In this eloquent, persuasive book, Neil Postman alerts us to the real and present dangers of this state of affairs, and offers compelling suggestions as to how to withstand the media onslaught. Before we hand over politics, education, religion, and journalism to the show business demands of the television age, we must recognize the ways in which the media shape our lives and the ways we can, in turn, shape them to serve out highest goals.

Acid Dreams: The CIA, LSD and the Sixties Rebellion


Martin A. LeeKen Kesey - 1985
    Martin Lee and Bruce Shlain's exhaustively researched and astonishing account—part of it gleaned from secret government files—tells how the CIA became obsessed with LSD as an espionage weapon during the early 1950s and launched a massive covert research program, in which countless unwitting citizens were used as guinea pigs. Though the CIA was intent on keeping the drug to itself, it ultimately couldn't prevent it from spreading into the popular culture; here LSD had a profound impact and helped spawn a political and social upheaval that changed the face of America. From the clandestine operations of the government to the escapades of Timothy Leary, Abbie Hoffman, Ken Kesey and his Merry Pranksters, Allen Ginsberg, and many others, Acid Dreams provides an important and entertaining account that goes to the heart of a turbulent period in our history.Also called: Acid Dreams. The Complete Social History of LSD: The CIA, The Sixties, and Beyond

Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance


James C. Scott - 1985
    Anderson, Cornell University"The book is a splendid achievement. Because Scott listens closely to the villagers of Malaysia, he enormously expands our understanding of popular ideology and therefore of popular politics. And because he is also a brilliant analyst, he draws upon this concrete experience to develop a new critique of classical theories of ideology."—Frances Fox Piven, Graduate Center of the City University of New York“An impressive work which may well become a classic.”—Terence J. Byres, Times Literary Supplement“A highly readable, contextually sensitive, theoretically astute ethnography of a moral system in change…. Weapons of the Weak is a brilliant book, combining a sure feel for the subjective side of struggle with a deft handling of economic and political trends.”—John R. Bown, Journal of Peasant Studies“A splendid book, a worthy addition to the classic studies of Malay society and of the peasantry at large…. Combines the readability of Akenfield or Pig Earth with an accessible and illuminating theoretical commentary.”—A.F. Robertson, Times Higher Education Supplement“No one who wants to understand peasant society, in or out of Southeast Asia, or theories of change, should fail to read [this book].”—Daniel S. Lev, Journal of Asian Studies“A moving account of the poor’s refusal to accept the terms of their subordination…. Disposes of the belief that theoretical sophistication and intelligible prose are somehow at odds.”—Ramachandra Guha, Economic and Political Weekly“A seminally important commentary on the state of peasant studies and the global literature…. This enormously rich work in Asian and comparative studies is… an essential contribution to participatory development theory and practice.”—Guy Gran, World DevelopmentJames C. Scott is professor of political science at Yale University.

The Community of Self


Na'im Akbar - 1985
    The Community of Self has been adapted as stage play, used as a guide for education of African-American children.. applied in workshops for social services and mental health providers, and used as a personal development and self-help book by thousands of people worldwide.

Countering the Conspiracy to Destroy Black Boys


Jawanza Kunjufu - 1985
    This book answers such questions as Why are there more black boys in remedial and special education classes than girls? Why are more girls on the honor roll? When do African American boys see a positive black male role model? Is the future of black boys in the hands of their mothers and white female teachers? and When does a boy become a man? The significance of rite of passage activities, including mentoring, male bonding, and spirituality, are all described.

Feminist Theory: The Intellectual Traditions


Josephine Donovan - 1985
    It chronicles a renaissance of feminist theory through the so-called third wave of the present day, which follows significant "waves" of earlier periods: the fifteenth through early eighteenth centuries as well as the more widely recognized nineteenth century; and the 1960s through the 80s.

Countering the Conspiracy to Destroy Black Boys Vol. I


Jawanza Kunjufu - 1985
    Offering suggestions to correct the dehumanization of African American children, this book explains how to ensure that African American boys grow up to be strong, committed, and responsible men.

Beyond Power: On Women, Men and Morals


Marilyn French - 1985
    This examination of the nature and effects of power draws on the wide range of disciplines, including anthropology, history, political science, law, and theology--to investigate the sources of patriarchy

Good to Eat: Riddles of Food and Culture


Marvin Harris - 1985
    He explains the diversity of the world's gastronomic customs, demonstrating that what appear at first glance to be irrational food tastes turn out really to have been shaped by practical, or economic, or political necessity. In addition, his smart and spirited treatment sheds wisdom on such topics as why there has been an explosion in fast food, why history indicates that it's "bad" to eat people but "good" to kill them, and why children universally reject spinach. Good to Eat is more than an intellectual adventure in food for thought. It is a highly readable, scientifically accurate, and fascinating work that demystifies the causes of myriad human cultural differences.

There's a Good Girl: Gender Stereotyping in the First Three Years of Life, a Diary


Marianne Grabrucker - 1985
    First published ten years ago and now available with a new afterword by the author and her daughter, the diary of the author's first three years of motherhood, which charts her attempts to raise her daughter in a non-sexist way.

The Greatest Management Principle in the World


Michael LeBoeuf - 1985
    Slight wear from time on shelf like you would see on a major chain. Immediate shipping.

Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States


Kenneth T. Jackson - 1985
    Integrating social history with economic and architectural analysis, and taking into account such factors as the availability of cheap land, inexpensive building methods, and rapid transportation, Kenneth Jackson chronicles the phenomenal growth of the American suburb from the middle of the 19th century to the present day. He treats communities in every section of the U.S. and compares American residential patterns with those of Japan and Europe. In conclusion, Jackson offers a controversial prediction: that the future of residential deconcentration will be very different from its past in both the U.S. and Europe.

Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract


Bill James - 1985
    

Truth of a Hopi


Edmund Nequatewa - 1985
    The bulk of this book--by far the most valuable section--covers the historical legends of the Hopi, from a Hopi viewpoint. The Hopi 'theory' (Nequatewa's word) was that the 'Bahana' (the white people) emerged from the under-world alongside the Hopi, and went off in search of the truth. Someday they would return and live in harmony with the Hopi, bringing wisdom and great abundance.

Vygotsky and the Social Formation of Mind


James V. Wertsch - 1985
    He draws extensively on all Vygotsky's works, both in Russian and in English, as well as on his own studies in the Soviet Union with colleagues and students of Vygotsky.Vygotsky's writings are an enormously rich source of ideas for those who seek an account of the mind as it relates to the social and physical world. Wertsch explores three central themes that run through Vygotsky's work: his insistence on using genetic, or developmental, analysis; his claim that higher mental functioning in the individual has social origins; and his beliefs about the role of tools and signs in human social and psychological activity Wertsch demonstrates how the notion of semiotic mediation is essential to understanding Vygotsky's unique contribution to the study of human consciousness.In the last four chapters Wertsch extends Vygotsky's claims in light of recent research in linguistics, semiotics, and literary theory. The focus on semiotic phenomena, especially human language, enables him to integrate findings from the wide variety of disciplines with which Vygotsky was concerned Wertsch shows how Vygotsky's approach provides a principled way to link the various strands of human science that seem more isolated than ever today.

Without God, Without Creed: The Origins of Unbelief in America


James C. Turner - 1985
    But atheism emerged as a viable alternative to other ideologies. How and why it became possible is the subject of this cultural revolution.

Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory


Albert Bandura - 1985
    This insightful text addresses the prominent roles played by cognitive, vicarious, self-regulatory, and self-reflective processes in psychosocial functioning; emphasizes reciprocal causation through the interplay of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors; and systematically applies the basic principles of this theory to personal and social change.

Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life


Steven Shapin - 1985
    Does the story of Roundheads and Restoration have something to do with the origins of experimental sci-ence? Schaffer and Shapin believed it does.Focusing on the debates between Boyle and his archcritic Thomas Hobbes over the air-pump, the authors proposed that solutions to the problem of knowledge are solutions to the problem of social order. Both Boyle and Hobbes were looking for ways of establishing knowledge that did not decay into ad hominem attacks and political division. Boyle proposed the experiment as cure. He argued that facts should be manufactured by machines like the air-pump so that gentlemen could witness the experiments and produce knowledge that everyone agreed on. Hobbes, by contrast, looked for natural law and viewed experiments as the artificial, unreliable products of an exclusive guild.The new approaches taken in Leviathan and the Air-Pump have been enormously influential on historical studies of science. Shapin and Schaffer found a moment of scientific revolution and showed how key scientific givens--facts, interpretations, experiment, truth--were fundamental to a new political order. Shapin and Schaffer were also innovative in their ethnographic approach. Attempting to understand the work habits, rituals, and social structures of a remote, unfamiliar group, they argued that politics were tied up in what scientists did, rather than what they said.

King, Malcolm, Baldwin: The National Tradition of Historical Thought from Herder to the Present


Kenneth Bancroft Clark - 1985
    

No Sense of Place: The Impact of Electronic Media on Social Behavior


Joshua Meyrowitz - 1985
    Advancing a daring andsophisticated theory, Meyrowitz shows how television and other electronic media have created new social situations that are no longer shaped by where we are or who is with us.While other media experts have limited the debate to message content, Meyrowitz focuses on the ways in which changes in media rearrange who knows what about whom and who knows what compared to whom, making it impossible for us to behave with each other in traditional ways. No Sense of Placeexplains how the electronic landscape has encouraged the development of:-More adultlike children and more childlike adults;-More career-oriented women and more family-oriented men; and-Leaders who try to act more like the person next door and real neighbors who want to have a greater say in local, national, and international affairs.The dramatic changes fostered by electronic media, notes Meyrowitz, are neither entirely good nor entirely bad. In some ways, we are returning to older, pre-literate forms of social behavior, becoming hunters and gatherers of an information age. In other ways, we are rushing forward into a newsocial world. New media have helped to liberate many people from restrictive, place-defined roles, but the resulting heightened expectations have also led to new social tensions and frustrations. Once taken-for-granted behaviors are now subject to constant debate and negotiation.The book richly explicates the quadruple pun in its title: Changes in media transform how we sense information and how we make sense of our physical and social places in the world.

Diagnosing the System for Organizations


Stafford Beer - 1985
    His writingis as much art as it is science. He is the most viable system Iknow." Dr Russell L Ackoff, The Institute for InteractiveManagement, Pennsylvania, USA."If anyone can make it [Operations Research] understandablyreadable and positively interesting it is Stafford Beer everyone inmanagement ..should be grateful to him for using clear and at timeselegant English and even elegant diagrams." The Economist In Brain of the Firm and The Heart of Enterprise Stafford Beerworked out the scientific laws that govern any viable system. Theyconstitute the basis for this book which is concerned solely withthe application of those laws to the understanding of anyparticular enterprise. In the form of a Handbook or Manager sGuide, Diagnosing the System deals with the fundamental problem ofmanagement how to cope with complexity itself. It shows you how todesign (or redesign) an enterprise in conformity with the laws ofviability, and will help you to diagnose faults in yourorganizational structure.

The Future of Religion: Secularization, Revival and Cult Formation


Rodney Stark - 1985
    For much of this century, respected social theorists predicted the death of religion as inevitable consequence of science, education, and modern economics. But they were wrong.Stark and Bainbridge set out to explain the survival of religion. Using information derived from numerous surveys, censuses, historical case studies, and ethnographic field expeditions, they chart the full sweep of contemporary religion from the traditional denominations to the most fervent cults. This wealth of information is located within a coherent theoretical framework that examines religion as a social response to human needs, both the general needs shared by all and the desires specific to those who are denied the economic rewards or prestige enjoyed by the privileged. By explaining the forms taken by religions today, Stark and Bainbridge allow us to understand its persistence in a secular age and its prospects for the future,

The Social Shaping of Technology


Donald Angus MacKenzie - 1985
    This reader challenges that assumption and its distinguished contributors demonstrate that technology is affected at a fundamental level by the social context in which it develops. General arguments are introduced about the relation of technology to society and different types of technology are examined: the technology of production; domestic and reproductive technology; and military technology.

Alien Powers: The Pure Theory of Ideology


Kenneth Minogue - 1985
    Alien Powers: The Pure Theory of Ideology takes this complex intellectual construction apart, analyzing its logical, rhetorical, and psychological devices and thus opening it up to critical analysis.Ideologists assert that our lives are governed by a hidden system. Minogue traces this notion to Karl Marx who taught intellectuals the philosophical, scientific, moral, and religious moves of the ideological game. The believer would find in these ideas an endless source of new liberating discoveries about the meaning of life, and also the grand satisfaction of struggling to overcome oppression. Minogue notes that while the patterns of ideological thought were consistent, there was little agreement on who the oppressor actually was. Marx said it was the bourgeoisie, but others found the oppressor to be males, governments, imperialists, the white race, or the worldwide Jewish conspiracy.Ideological excitement created turmoil in the twentieth century, but the defeat of the more violent and vicious ideologies--Nazism after 1945 and Communism after 1989--left the passion for social perfection as vibrant as ever. Activist intellectuals still seek to see through the life we lead. The positive goals of utopia may for the moment have faded, but the ideological hatred of modernity has remained, and much of our intellectual life has degenerated into a muddled and dogmatic skepticism. For Minogue, the complex task of demystifying the demystifiers requires that we should discover how ideology works. It must join together each of its complex strands of thought in order to understand the remarkable power of the whole.

Zone 1/2: The [Contemporary] City


Michel Feher - 1985
    ZONE's inaugural double issue examines the physical, political, and perceptual transformations redefining the contemporary city.These transformations are explored through historical studies of transformations in the urban system, through theoretical essays which map out the evolution of related social and economic structures (such as, the state, the family, and the factory), and through experimental art projects and critical dossiers.Some of the many contributors to this issue include: Christopher Alexander, John Baldessari, Gilles Deleuze, Peter Eisenman, Rem Koolhaas, William Labov, Michael Piore, and Paul Virilio.

The Urban Experience


David Harvey - 1985
    The collection contains three of the five essays from "Consciousness and the Urban Experience" and four of the eight from "The Urbanization of Capital". The essays embody the combination of theory, observation and interpretation most characteristic of the author's recent work, and address the needs and interests of students of urban processes in departments of geography, sociology and politics. The book is aimed at students of urbanization and urban society in departments of geography, sociology and politics.

Albert Speer: Architecture 1932-1942


Leon Krier - 1985
    First published in 1985 to an acute and critical reception, Albert Speer: Architecture 1932-1942 is a lucid, wide-ranging study of an important neoclassical architect. Yet is is simultaneously much more: a philosophical rumination on art and politics, good and evil. With aid from a new introduction by influential American architect Robert A. M. Stern, Krier candidly confronts the great difficulty of disentangling the architecture and urbanism of Albert Speer from its political intentions.Krier bases his study on interviews with Speer just before his death. The projects presented center on his plan for Berlin, an unprecedented modernization of the city intended to be the capital of Europe.

Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research


Jerome Kirk - 1985
    They suggest that the use of numbers in the process of recording and analyzing observations is less important than that the research should involve sustained interaction with the people being studied, in their own language and on their own turf. Following a chapter on objectivity, the authors discuss the role of reliability and validity and the problems that arise when these issues are neglected. They present a paradigm for the qualitative research process that makes it possible to pursue validity without neglecting reliability.

New York Life at the Turn of the Century in Photographs


Joseph Byron - 1985
    Remarkable for clarity, definition and detail, the prints comprise a richly evocative portrait of turn-of-the-century life — street scenes, parks, restaurants, commercial interiors, Easter Parade, Blizzard of '99, Coney Island, a dinner for Mark Twain, etc. Informative text.

Crime and Human Nature/the Definitive Study of the Causes of Crime


James Q. Wilson - 1985
    

Job: The Victim of His People


René Girard - 1985
    The hero complains endlessly. He has just lost his children all his livestock. He scratches his ulcers. The misfortunes of which he complains are all duly enumerated in the prologue. They are misfortunes brought on him by Satan with God's permission.We think we know, but are we sure? Not once in the Dialogues does Job mention either Satan or anything about his misdeeds. Could it be that they are too much on his mind for him to mention them?Possibly, yet Job mentions everything else, and does much more than mention. He dwells heavily on the cause of his misfortune, which is none of those mentioned in the prologue. The cause is not divine, satanic nor physical, but merely human.

The Kingdom of Coal: Work, Enterprise, and Ethnic Communities in the Mine Fields


Donald L. Miller - 1985
    It is the story of one of America's first great industries and of the people who made it great--from the miserably paid immigrant mine workers to the powerful coal barons.

Vaulting Ambition: Sociobiology and the Quest for Human Nature


Philip Kitcher - 1985
    It raises the "sociobiology debate" to a new level, moving beyond arguments about the politics of the various parties involved, the degree to which sociobiology assumes genetic determinism, or the falsifiability of the general theory. Sociobiology has made a great deal of noise in the popular intellectual culture. Vaulting Ambition cuts through the charges and counter-charges to take a hard look at the claims and analyses offered by the sociobiologists. It examines what the claims mean, how they relate to standard evolutionary theory, how the biological models are supposed to work, and what is wrong with the headline-grabbing proclamations of human sociobiology. In particular, it refutes the notions that humans are trapped by their evolutionary biology and history in endlessly repeating patterns of aggression, xenophobia, and deceitfulness, or that the inequities of sex, race, and class are genetically based or culturally determined. And it takes up issues of human altruism, freedom, and ethics as well.Kitcher weighs the evidence for sociobiology, for human sociobiology, and for "the pop sociobiological view" of human nature that has engendered the controversy. He concludes that in the field of nonhuman animal studies, rigorous and methodologically sound work about the social lives of insects, birds, and mammals has been done. But in applying the theories to human beings-where even more exacting standards of evidence are called for because of the potential social disaster inherent in adopting a working hypothesis as a basis for public policy - many of the same scientists become wildly speculative, building grand conclusions from what Kitcher shows to be shoddy analysis and flimsy argument. While it may be possible to develop a genuine science of human behavior based on evolutionary biology, genetics, cognition, and culture, Kitcher points out that the sociobiology that has been loudly advertised in the popular and intellectual press is not it. Pop sociobiology has in fact been felled by its overambitious and overreaching creators.

The Politics of Production: Factory Regimes Under Capitalism and Socialism


Michael Burawoy - 1985
    

In Township Tonight!: South Africa's Black City Music and Theatre


David B. Coplan - 1985
    Coplans black popular culture, taking readers from indigenous musical traditions into the world of slave orchestras, pennywhistlers, clergyman-composers, the gumboot dances of mineworkers, and touring minstrelsy and vaudeville acts. This up-to-date edition of a landmark work will be welcomed by scholars of ethnomusicology and African studies, world music fans, and anyone concerned with South Africa and its development.

Firing Line


Richard Holmes - 1985
    It reveals the humiliation of basic training, the attitude to fear, the drive for sex and loot, the elixir of comradeship.

Total Justice


Lawrence M. Friedman - 1985
    As readers of this engaging and provocative essay will discover, the evidence for a "litigation explosion" is actually quite ambiguous. But the American legal profession has become extremely large, and it seems clear that the scope and reach of legal process have indeed increased greatly. How can we best understand these changes? Lawrence Friedman focuses on transformations in American legal culture—that is, people's beliefs and expectations with regard to law. In the early nineteenth century, people were accustomed to facing sudden disasters (disease, accidents, joblessness) without the protection of social and private insurance. The uncertainty of life and the unavailability of compensation for loss were mirrored in a culture of low legal expectations. Medical, technical, and social developments during our own century have created a very different set of expectations about life, again reflected in our legal culture. Friedman argues that we are moving toward a general expectation of total justice, of recompense for all injuries and losses that are not the victim's fault. And the expansion of legal rights and protections in turn creates fresh expectations, a cycle of demand and response. This timely and important book articulates clearly, and in nontechnical language, the recent changes that many have sensed in the American legal system but that few have discussed in so powerful and sensible a way. Total Justice is the third of five special volumes commissioned by the Russell Sage Foundation to mark its seventy-fifth anniversary.

To Empower People: From State to Civil Society


Peter L. Berger - 1985
    They showed that such mediating structures as family, neighbourhood, church, and voluntary and civil associations are crucial institutions, whose weakening spells disaster.

Mothers on Trial


Phyllis Chesler - 1985
    It is essential reading for anyone concerned, either personally or professionally, with custody rights.

Drug Control in a Free Society


James B. Bakalar - 1985
    The authors offer a provocative analysis of the philosophical, sociological, and historical background of the attempt to control consciousness-altering drugs in modern industrial societies. In considering the right of individuals to diversify and enrich their experience versus the obligations of government to protect their citizens, they enable readers to step back for a moment and examine alternative ways of looking at what is usually called the drug problem.

Gender: An Ethnomethodological Approach


Suzanne J. Kessler - 1985
    Valuable for its insights into gender, its extensive treatment of transsexualism, and its ethnomethodological approach, Gender reviews and critiques data from biology, anthropology, sociology, and psychology.

Theoretical Criminology


Thomas J. Bernard - 1985
    The fifth edition offers new sections on causation in scientific theories, Sampson's theory of collective efficacy, and Anderson's code of the street. A new chapter on contemporary classicism includes sections on deterrence theory and research, routine activities theory, and rational choice theory. Also included is a new chapter that examines the role of gender in criminology theories, covering feminist criminology and theories of masculinity and crime. Each theory is presented accurately and comprehensively within its historical context. Relevant empirical research is reviewed and assessed, and research issues related to theory testing are also discussed. Lively and engaging, this new edition is designed to appeal to students at all levels. Offering the most precise, clear, and thorough presentation of criminology theories, Theoretical Criminology retains its premier position in the field of criminology

The Homefront: America During World War II


Mark Jonathan Harris - 1985
    

Ethnic Groups in Conflict, Updated Edition With a New Preface


Donald L. Horowitz - 1985
    Horowitz constructs his theory of ethnic conflict, relating ethnic affiliations to kinship and intergroup relations to the fear of domination. A groundbreaking work when it was published in 1985, the book remains an original and powerfully argued comparative analysis of one of the most important forces in the contemporary world.

Women, Work and Protest: A Century of U.S. Women's Labor History


Ruth Milkman - 1985
    This book will be valuable for scholars, students and general readers alike.

Poetry and Experience (Selected Works, Vol 5)


Wilhelm Dilthey - 1985
    In addition to his landmark works on the theories of history and the human sciences, Dilthey made important contributions to hermeneutics and phenomenology, aesthetics, psychology, and the methodology of the social sciences.This volume presents Dilthey's principal writings on aesthetics and the philosophical understanding of poetry, as well as representative essays of literary criticism. The essay "The Imagination of the Poet" (also known as his Poetics) is his most sustained attempt to examine the philosophical bearings of literature in relation to psychological and historical theory. Also included are "The Three Epochs of Modern Aesthetics and its Present Task, " "Fragments for a Poetics, " and two final essays discussing Goethe and H

Nicos Poulantzas: Marxist Theory And Political Strategy


Bob Jessop - 1985
    

Punishment And Welfare: A History Of Penal Strategies


David Garland - 1985
    

Future Work: Jobs, Self-Employment, and Leisure After the Industrial Age


James W. Robertson - 1985
    

Culture and Self: Asian and Western Perspectives


Anthony J. Marsella - 1985
    

Sociological Interpretations Of Education


David Blackledge - 1985
    

Women: The Last Colony


Maria Mies - 1985
    Her co-authors, like herself, are German feminist scholars who have specialized in researching the condition of women in Third World countries. They use their investigations and particular case studies in order to advance feminist theory's understanding of women under capitalism. Women's work, they suggest, is still a blind spot in political economy. Historical modes of production cannot be fully understood without explicit attention to the sexual division of labor, and its common features throughout history need to be explored. Similarly, understanding the history of Third World societies' incorporation into a European-dominated global capitalist economy requires a specific focus on its impact on women. The authors pursue these general perspectives in a series of essays on particular countries in Asia and Latin America. They examine how capitalism's penetration of rural societies undermines women's position in particular, may reduce their life expectancy (as in India), and imposes on them the double load of housewife and peasant. Even where women have been organized in labor unions or co-operative forms of production, their special burden of patriarchal oppression and economic exploitation often persists. The authors also show how Third World women are not just passive victims being integrated into the world economy, but have developed very creative forms of resistance.

Visions of Social Control: Crime, Punishment and Classification


Stanley Cohen - 1985
     In Great Britain, North America and Western Europe, the 1960's saw new theories and styles of social control which seemed to undermine the whole basis of the established system. Such slogans as 'decarceration' and 'division' radically changed the dominance of the prison, the power of professionals and the crime-control system itself. Stanley Cohen traces the historical roots of these apparent changes and reforms, demonstrates in detail their often paradoxical results and speculates on the whole future of social control in Western societies. He has produced an entirely original synthesis of the original literature as well as an introductory guide to the major theoreticians of social control, such as David Rothman and Michael Foucault. This is not just a book for the specialist in criminology, social problems and the sociology of deviance but raises a whole range of issues of much wider interest to the social sciences. A concluding chapter on the practical and policy implications of the analysis is of special relevance to social workers and other practitioners. This is an indispensable book for anyone who wants to make sense of the bewildering recent shifts in ideology and policy towards crime - and to understand the broader sociological implications of the study of social control.

The Adventure of Archaeology


Brian M. Fagan - 1985
    Dr. Fagan runs through the history of archaeology in language that is interesting and understandable to scientists and non-scientists alike. Dr. Fagan's story describes the events and circumstances surrounding the greatest archaeological discoveries ever made. He hits one major discovery after another as the science of archaeology unfolds through the ages, from Nabonidus (one of the first archaeologists in the sixth century B.C.) to archaeology's very uncertain future. By its nature, the doing of archaeology destroys what it intends to preserve. Once a site has been excavated it becomes a list of artifacts and data. Every day there is less of the past that can be successfully retrieved from its surroundings, causing archaeology to become more of a science of interpretation and less one of actual excavation. The breathtaking photography alone is worth the price of this edition. The Adventure of Archaeology is a book that you will find yourself coming back to again and again to relive the thrill felt by those who were lucky enough, or knowledgeable enough, to make the past live again.

Controlling Unlawful Organizational Behavior: Social Structure and Corporate Misconduct


Diane Vaughan - 1985
    Her analysis of this incident—why the crime was committed, how it was detected, and how the case was built—provides a fascinating inside look at computer crime. Vaughan concludes that organizational misconduct could be decreased by less regulation and more sensitive bureaucratic response.

Beauty Bound


Rita Freedman - 1985
    But why should anything as accidental as looks have so strong an influence on a woman's chances of success in life?A myth prevails that women are the fair sex. To support that myth, women are expected to spend a great deal of time and money striving for the goal of beauty. They diet pathologically, exercise to the point of exhaustion, disguise themselves with cosmetics, camouflage their bodies, even undergo surgery ... and they pursue youthfulness more and more intensely as they age.In her expose of society's palpably unjust yet universally accepted double standard for beauty, Rita Freedman examines the concept of female beauty as a social myth, how our physical perception of ourselves affects our mental health, the value of cosmetic rituals, the power of beauty, adornment vs achievement, the sexual language of beauty, age anxiety and the cult of youth, and the need for women to base their self-image on something other than their appearance.

The Right to Know: The Inside Story of the Belgrano Affair


Clive Ponting - 1985
    The documents revealed that the General Belgrano had been sighted a day earlier than officially reported, and was steaming away from the Royal Navy taskforce, and was outside the exclusion zone, when the cruiser was attacked and sunk The Ponting case was seen as a landmark in British legal history, raising serious questions about the validity of the 1911 Official Secrets Act and the public's right to know. Shortly after his resignation on 16 February 1985, The Observer began to serialize Ponting's book The Right to Know: the inside story of the Belgrano affair. The Conservative government reacted by tightening up UK secrets legislation, introducing the Official Secrets Act 1989.Before the trial, a jury could take the view that if an action could be seen to be in the public interest, that might justify the right of the individual to take that action.As a result of the 1989 modification, that defence was removed. After this enactment, it was taken that 'public interest is what the government of the day says it is.' One further fact which influenced Mr Ponting's unexpected acquittal was that he submitted the documents to an MP, who was, in effect, upholding the right of Parliament not to be lied to by the government of the day.

Sex, Power And Pleasure


Mariana Valverde - 1985
    With wit and insight Valverde explores the issues of pornography, censorship, eroticism, power, heterosexuality, lesbianism and bisexuality.

Prostitution in Medieval Society: The History of an Urban Institution in Languedoc


Leah Lydia Otis - 1985
    Stimpson

Self and Society: Narcissism, Collectivism, and the Development of Morals


Drew Westen - 1985
    The result is that researchers in different disciplines construct their own implicit, and often unsatisfactory, models of either individual or collective phenomena, which in turn influence their theoretical and empirical work. In this 1985 book, Drew Westen attempts to cross these boundaries, proposing an interdisciplinary approach to personality, to culture, and to the relation between the two. Throughout the book, Westen provides reviews of a variety of fields, including personality theory, moral development, ego development, and culture theory. His book will appeal to students and scholars in all the social sciences, as well as to any reader concerned with understanding the relation between individuals and the world in which they live.

A Reasoned Look at Asian Religions


David L. Johnson - 1985
    Contents:Exploring the Asian religions --Chinese religions: Confucianism --The Taoist alternative --The fate of modern China --The structure of Hindu religion --The Hindu systems --The new face of Hinduism --Buddhist religion --The failure of Buddha's formula for release --Islam: rule-keeping as religion --Islam's expansion.

Dublin: The Deposed Capital: A Social and Economic History 1860 - 1914


Mary E. Daly - 1985
    The decline of the city's traditional industries and the rising proportion of casual labourers in the population gave rise to intense poverty which resulted in excessively high death-rates and a housing crisis

Belfast in the Thirties: An Oral History


Ronnie Munck - 1985
    Belfast in the Thirties is a valuable contribution to oral history and provides a remarkable insight into the sectarian and social turmoil of this decade with an immediacy and relevance which compels increased understanding of the conflict in Northern Ireland today.

The Power Of Shame: A Rational Perspective


Ágnes Heller - 1985