As Paul's two students progress, you progress alongside them. A native speaking Spanish expert helps Paul to deliver the course and to perfect your pronunciation.

    But too many writers--and writing guides--overlook this most important unit. The result? Manuscripts that will never be published and writing careers that will never begin. In this wickedly humorous manual, language columnist June Casagrande uses grammar and syntax to show exactly what makes some sentences great--and other sentences suck. With chapters on "Conjunctions That Kill" and "Words Gone Wild," this lighthearted guide is perfect for anyone who's dead serious about writing, from aspiring novelists to nonfiction writers, conscientious students to cheeky literati. So roll up your sleeves and prepare to craft one bold, effective sentence after another. Your readers will thank you. "From the Trade Paperback edition."

    

    In focusing strictly on Korean grammar, this series represents a departure from most current integrated teaching materials, allowing foreign learners to more easily concentrate on grammar in their study of Korean. The authors have included real dialogues and illustrations to make the study of Korean more interesting, especially for those students who have heretofore felt Koran grammar to be difficult. Further, this series equally serves as a general Korean grammar reference that can be used by Korean language instructors both in Korea and abroad who regularly experience the difficulty of teaching Korean grammar first-hand.

    or just learn about how languages work from an unusual, light-hearted perspective. The Language Construction Kit on zompist.com has helped a generation of conlangers to understand and create languages. It's expanded here with coverage of semantics and pragmatics, language families, writing systems, and sample wordlists, as well as an annotated sample grammar.

    Rick Steves, bestselling author of travel guides to Europe, offers well-tested phrases and key words to cover every situation a traveler is likely to encounter. This handy guide provides key phrases for use in everyday circumstances, complete with phonetic spelling, an English-Italian and Italian-English dictionary, the latest information on European currency and rail transportation, and even a tear-out cheat sheet for continued language practice as you wait in line at the Sistine Chapel. Informative, concise, and practical, Rick Steves' Italian Phrase Book and Dictionary is an essential item for any traveler's zainetto.

    This delightful assortment of fifty captivating myths of Rome and Athens provides extended readings selected or adapted from the works of ancient authors which not only introduce readers to the essential legends of Roman literature but also cement the grammar and vocabulary taught in an introductory course of Latin. Each selection of Fabulae Syrae corresponds to a chapter in Familia Romana, allowing you to read stories that are perfectly on grade level, and thereby rapidly build comprehension and confidence as you enjoy the adventures of men and mischief of gods.The collection begins with the adventure of Pygmalion, the Cypriot sculptor who carved a woman out of ivory, and ends with nearly 200 verses of original Latin from books two and three of Ovid’s Metamorphoses. The vignettes are annotated with helpful margin notes and are accompanied by beautiful historic woodcut illustrations. The volume contains two appendices: a list of vocabulary and a glossary of proper names.Fabulae Syrae can be used concurrently with Familia Romana for further enrichment or as a review text after completing Familia Romana. It is, however, also a stand-alone work and could also be used as a reader in mythology separate from the Lingua Latina per se Illustrata series. New vocabulary is kept to an absolute minimum, so the reader can truly enjoy the readings, while focusing on a mastery of the grammar and essential vocabulary taught in the Familia Romana.Features include:- Readings linked to each chapter of Familia Romana from XXVI to XXXIV- Fifty of the most important tales of ancient mythology- Every word, cover to cover, is in Latin with vowel lengths marked- Approximately 18,500 Latin words in length- Approximately 500 new vocabulary words are taught- Helpful margin notes Picks up where Colloquia Personarum ends- Perfect for home-schoolers, as it covers the material of a course in ancient mythology- Indices of vocabulary and proper names

    Runge's approach has less to do with the specifics of language and more to do with how humans are wired to process it. The approach is cross-linguistic. Runge looks at how all languages operate before he focuses on Greek. He examines linguistics in general to simplify the analytical process and explain how and why we communicate as we do, leading to a more accurate description of the Greek text. The approach is also function-based--meaning that Runge gives primary attention to describing the tasks accomplished by each discourse feature. This volume does not reinvent previous grammars or supplant previous work on the New Testament. Instead, Runge reviews, clarifies, and provides a unified description of each of the discourse features. That makes it useful for beginning Greek students, pastors, and teachers, as well as for advanced New Testament scholars looking for a volume which synthesizes the varied sub-disciplines of New Testament discourse analysis. With examples taken straight from the "Lexham Discourse Greek New Testament," this volume helps readers discover a great deal about what the text of the New Testament communicates, filling a large gap in New Testament scholarship. Each of the 18 chapters contains: - An introduction and overview for each discourse function- A conventional explanation of that function in easy-to-understand language- A complete discourse explanation- Numerous examples of how that particular discourse function is used in the Greek New Testament- A section of application- Dozens of examples, taken straight from the Lexham Discourse Greek New Testament- Careful research, with citation to both Greek grammars and linguistic literature- Suggested reading list for continued learning and additional research

    Offered here are tales of battle, travel, and adventure, but also songs of heartache and longing, pearls of lusty innuendo and clear-eyed stoicism, charms and spells for everyday use, and seven "hoards" of delightfully puzzling riddles.Featuring all-new translations by seventy-four of our most celebrated poets—including Seamus Heaney, Robert Pinsky, Billy Collins, Eavan Boland, Paul Muldoon, Robert Hass, Gary Soto, Jane Hirshfield, David Ferry, Molly Peacock, Yusef Komunyakaa, Richard Wilbur, and many others—The Word Exchange is a landmark work of translation, as fascinating and multivocal as the original literature it translates.

    There are very few recent books that tackle the subject, and in this new effort, written with the scholar and orator in mind, Farnsworth collects and discusses the great masters of English prose Lincoln and Churchill, Dickens and Melville, Burke and Paine and, using their own words, proceeds to organize, illustrate, and analyze the most frequently used rhetorical devices with clarity and detail.The way we use our language to convince and cajole is based on timeless principles on repetition and variety, suspense and relief, expectation and satisfaction that have been employed by writers and speakers since the Golden Age of Greece. They can be applied with effect to the construction of simple sentences and paragraphs, or entire compositions. Here, distilled from the best examples in our language, we see those principles in actual use: for the general reader it is an indispensable guide, a highly useful reference, and a rewarding (and even entertaining) source of instruction.

    Unsilenced: How to Voice the Gospel gives readers the knowledge and confidence to share the Gospel with anybody, at any time. Author James Boccardo has shared his faith in Jesus with Israeli soldiers in Israel, Ethiopians on the Fourth of July, and even the Yale golf team. Unsilenced reviews the Gospel, gives tips on starting conversations with friends or strangers, and examines the typical questions unbelievers always ask. It includes real-life stories where these questions come up-and how to answer them. There are examples of practical applications along the way, giving every Jesus follower the confidence they need to share the Gospel. If the people who claim to know Jesus don't tell the world about Him, who will?

    These selections provide a wide range of insights into not just the minds of Rome's movers and shakers-her politicians and generals, philosophers and great poets-but also into the daily lives of the Average Joe and Jane Roman. Beginning with simple graffiti, "Scribblers, Sculptors, and Scribes" moves toward longer inscriptions and literary texts as students progress. Designed to accompany the bestselling Wheelock's curriculum, its 40 chapters are linked with the 40 chapters of "Wheelock's Latin," but the book's readings and design features make it suitable for use alongside any introductory college or high school Latin textbook. Packed with hundreds of actual Latin inscriptions, proverbs, and literary texts, this unique textbook also includes dozens of photos and illustrations, maps, discussion and comprehension questions, grammar capsules, a Latin-English vocabulary section, a summary of forms, and much more.

    Most Enochian dictionaries merely present word lists--this encyclopedic textbook presents a wealth of original material and expands upon (and corrects) previously published information. It is designed so readers can actually learn the language and use it in their own magick.For the first time ever, every Angelical word recorded in Dee's books, journals, and personal grimoire is recorded and cross-referenced in a number of helpful ways, allowing the reader to recognize root words, alternate spellings, and more. The Angelical Language, Volume II includes notes about each word's definition, history, or usage--both Dee's original marginal notations and new commentary by the author. Also presented are Dee's own phonetic notations, as well as a brand-new pronunciation key designed to make it easier to speak the language.The material within these pages is based strictly upon Dee's journals and personal grimoire. There are no inclusions from later mystics or organizations. This reference work, along with its companion guide, The Angelical Language, Volume I: The Complete History and Mythos of the Tongue of Angels, is the authoritative guide to the celestial language in its purest form.Praise: The Angelical Language is the single-most comprehensive text ever written on the subject of the Enochian magical system and language of Elizabethan luminary Dr. John Dee. This two-volume magnum opus demonstrates Aaron Leitch's familiarity with practical magic as well as his skill as a meticulous researcher. A must-have book.--Chic Cicero and Sandra Tabatha Cicero, Chief Adepts of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn

    This cultural study cum dictionary is a must for English-language people interested in Russia and for Russians learning English.

    This reference and practice book looks at the most colourful and fun area of English vocabulary - idioms. This book will appeal to students at advanced level who want to understand and use the English really used by native speakers, and students preparing for higher level exams, such as CAE, CPE and IELTS. Over 1,000 of the most useful and frequent idioms, which learners are likely to encounter are presented and practised in typical contexts, so that learners using this book will have hundreds of idioms 'at their fingertips'.

    They provide 75 formative assessment strategies and show teachers how to use them to inform instructional planning and better meet the needs of all students. Research shows that formative assessment has the power to significantly improve learning, and its many benefits include: Stimulation of metacognitive thinking Increased student engagement Insights into student thinking Development of a discourse community

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons, • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 1-5 from the German Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak German. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn German and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    The Complete package is a unique, truly multi-media program in French that takes you from beginner to advanced level in one convenient package. It uses the Living Language Method™, which teaches you to speak a new language, not just memorize vocabulary words. Our method presents the language in a natural and systematic way, combining linguistic science and proven techniques with an engaging experience to deliver real results. Millions have learned with Living Language. Now it’s your turn to join the conversation.  Build a FoundationStart speaking immediately using essential words and phrases.Progress with Confidence Build on each lesson as you advance to full sentences, then conversations.Retain what You’ve LearnedSpecial recall exercises reinforce your new language and help move it into your long-term memory. Achieve Your GoalsDon’t just mimic or memorize. Develop practical language skills to speak in any situation. 3 Books: 46 lessons, additional review exercises, extensive glossaries and grammar summaries—plus, a bonus notebook for extra practice space 9 Audio CDs: Vocabulary, dialogues, audio exercises, and more—learn with the book or on the go, anytime, anywhere FREE Online Learning: Flashcards, audio downloads, and interactive quizzes for each lesson

    Dispelling the many myths about dual language development, the expert authors arm future professionals with the information they need to support young bilingual children and their families, all while meeting Head Start's guidelines on cultural and linguistic responsiveness. Preservice professionals will get a solid foundation of knowledge to help themaddress reading impairments in dual language learners (NEW CHAPTER!)minimize barriers to language development in internationally adopted children (NEW CHAPTER!)give children continuous, consistent, and rich exposure to both languagesrecognize the typical stages of second-language learningdetermine when a language delay is the result of an actual disorderprevent attrition of the child's first languagemake appropriate decisions about the schooling of dual language learnersunderstand code mixing and successfully factor it into language assessmentsapply effective assessment strategies to accurately diagnose language impairmentsplan interventions that are culturally appropriate and respect the child's identityaddress parents' concerns and help them support their child's development in both languagesUndergraduate and graduate students will also benefit from detailed profiles of dual language learners, definitions of key terms, and summary sections that juxtapose key points with their implications for effective practice.With the clear information in this state-of-the-art textbook—also a valuable resource for in-practice SLPs and educators—professionals will be ready to make informed decisions that help young dual language learners thrive, both at home and in the classroom.Dual Language Development & Disorders is a part of the Communication and Language Intervention SeriesSee how this product helps strengthen Head Start program quality and school readiness.

    Part A covers traditional grammatical categories such as agreement, nouns, verbs and adjectives. Part B is carefully organized around language functions covering all major communication situations such as:establishing identity making contact expressing likes, dislikes and preferences.With a strong emphasis on contemporary usage, all grammar points and functions are richly illustrated with examples. Main features of the Grammar include:clear, jargon-free explanations emphasis on the language as it is spoken and written today extensive cross-referencing between the different sections.A combination of reference grammar and practical usage manual, Modern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar is the ideal resource for learners of Brazilian Portuguese at all levels, from beginner to advanced. It can be used independently, or in conjunction with the Modern Brazilian Portuguese Workbook, see ISBN 9780415566469.John Whitlam is a freelance writer, university lecturer and lexicographer based in Rio de Janeiro. He has authored a number of language teaching books and project coordinated and co-authored three of the best-selling bilingual dictionaries of Portuguese and English.

    This book by longtime translating twins Judy and Dagmar Jenner will teach you how to start your entrepreneurial linguist journey. Written in a purposely non-academic style, "The Entrepreneurial Linguist: The Business-School Approach to Freelance Translation" will show you how to market your services to direct clients, build and nurture relationships, grow your client base in a structured way, use web 2.0 to promote your services, and much more. This book is intended for both beginning and established translators and interpreters around the world.

    Divided into eighteen chapters, it deals with everyday situations. Students practise all the language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing. In addition, attention is devoted to grammar, pronunciation and intonation, culture, practical assignments and reflection. In all the parts, the emphasis is on the use of Dutch in daily life.In a varied way, the beginner lays the foundation for a mastery of Dutch. Based on real life dialogues, speaking and writing assignments, conjugation exercises, texts, films and songs, the student works towards Level A2 of the European Reference Framework. Together with the sequels Nederlands in actie (Dutch in Action) and Nederlands op niveau (In Good Dutch), this book is part of a complete method for learning Dutch.There are dialogues and pronunciation exercises on the CDs that go with it.There is also a website that goes with the book with supplementary exercises, intensive listening texts, films and songs. For teachers, there are various tests they can use and a teacher’s manual with copying pages and teaching suggestions.

    Discover a lepe of leopards, a company of parrots, and a stream of minnows in this glorious visual introduction to the animal kingdom sumptuously illustrated by internationally acclaimed picture-book artist, Brian Wildsmith.

    — Preciso mijar.That goalie is so weak. — Esse goleiro é uma mãe.Shit's about to go down! — O coro vai comer!I'm smashed. — Tô bebum.Let's fuck like animals. — Vamos trepar como animais.

    In English, we say, "take a bath" (or "have a bath" in British English), but in Japanese the equivalent is "get in a bath," o-furo ni hairu. The verb hairu is the one that collocates with o-furo.It has long been recognized that the study of collocations can lead to more natural language production, and yet until now there has been no book on the subject for learners of Japanese. Common Japanese Collocations will be the first resource to introduce the most frequently used noun-and-verb and noun-and-adjective combinations.The book is divided into six thematic chapters centering on daily life. Each chapter presents more than a hundred key entries, which consist of a noun and a selection of words that go with that noun. Some collocations come with example sentences that demonstrate how the word pair can be used in a sentence. In addition, throughout the book there are notes on common usage errors.

    Topics include word order, time, nouns, verbs, adjectives, word choices with verbs and adverbs, and letter writing. The simple format has one goal: quick mastery and growing confidence.Qin Xue Herzberg, a graduate of Beijing Normal University, has taught Chinese for decades and has been an upper-level Chinese professor at Calvin College for ten years.Larry Herzberg did his PhD work in Chinese and founded the Chinese language programs at Albion College and Calvin College.Qin and Larry live in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and are co-authors of the popular China Survival Guide as well as the recently released Chinese Proverbs and Popular Sayings.

    House and Susan Emolyn Harman in 1931. In addition to hundreds of model diagrams and many pages of explanatory material, Drawing Sentences contains scores of exercises, diagramming solutions for all sentences of all exercises, unit tests (and answers) in Parts One and Two, a detailed table of contents, a preface on the history of diagramming, an impressive section of grammatical terms and diagramming symbols, and an index. The goal is nothing less than a thorough knowledge of English grammar.Part One contains 115 model diagrams and 250 sentences for students to diagram. Part One has eight units, each consisting of three lessons and one review page. Thirteen pages of answers (i.e., diagrams of all 250 sentences) are found at the end of Part One. Part Two begins where Part One ends and has the same basic structure. Part Two provides 82 model diagrams and 201 sentences for students to diagram. Twenty-one pages of answers (i.e., diagrams of all 201 sentences) are found at the end of Part Two. Parts One and Two have eight unit tests each as well as solutions for all tests.Part Three contains 115 diagramming examples ranging in difficulty from very easy to very difficult, 30 exercises containing 274 sentences to be diagrammed, a separate answer section with a diagram and a verbal analysis of each sentence, and a concluding section of 30 sentences of medium length (with solutions), intended as a review of most of the diagramming concepts presented in the book.Drawing Sentences is the perfect choice for elementary-, middle-, and high-school teachers and for homeschool moms and dads. They can acquire a thorough knowledge of sentence diagramming by working through Part Three, thereby preparing themselves to guide their students through Parts One and Two. Part Three can also be used by industrious students to complement and supplement Parts One and Two.Eugene Moutoux, educator and author, taught at four universities and three high schools prior to his retirement in 2004. He has written books on sentence diagramming, Latin derivatives, and the German language, and maintains a large website that includes, among other things, a German course, Latin derivatives, and sentence diagrams.Around the turn of the century, Gene's penchant for grammar led him to a thorough study of sentence diagramming, the rudiments of which he, like Kitty Burns Florey, author of Sister Bernadette's Barking Dog, learned as a child from an elementary-school teacher.Gene lives in Goshen, Kentucky, just northeast of Louisville. He is the father of three children and the grandfather of seven. He has a Ph.D. in German from the University of California at Santa Barbara.http://www.german-latin-english.com/d...

    You can still rely on the benefits of a top language teacher and our years of teaching experience, but now with added learning features within the course and online. The course is structured in thematic units and the emphasis is placed on communication, so that you effortlessly progress from introducing yourself and dealing with everyday situations, to using the phone and talking about work. By the end of this course, you will be at Level B2 of the Common European Framework for Languages: Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party.Learn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design and interactive features: NOT GOT MUCH TIME?One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started.AUTHOR INSIGHTSLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience.GRAMMAR TIPSEasy-to-follow building blocks to give you a clear understanding.USEFUL VOCABULARYEasy to find and learn, to build a solid foundation for speaking.DIALOGUESRead and listen to everyday dialogues to help you speak and understand fast.PRONUNCIATIONDon't sound like a tourist! Perfect your pronunciation before you go.TEST YOURSELFTests in the book and online to keep track of your progress.EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGEExtra online articles to give you a richer understanding of the culture and history of Finland.TRY THISInnovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.

    After journeying through the carefully-paced explanations, conversations, cultural info, and activities in Tagalog for Beginners, learners will be able to use Tagalog (Filipino) in a wide range of common situations. From shopping for food to asking directions, from telling time to expressing how you feel, this book gives you the communication skills you need.Key features include:-An accompanying MP3 Audio CD-Realistic dialogues to bring the language to life.-Activities and exercises to help you read, write, speak and understand-Notes on the Tagalog language and history-A special section guides native (heritage) learners and instructors on how to use the book most effectively for their needs.

    Likely to become indispensable on many educators’ and students’ bookshelves.—CHOICENow, the bestselling resource The American Sign Language Handshape Dictionary has been completely revised with more than 320 new signs and a new DVD. This unique reference can help users locate a sign whose meaning they have forgotten, or help them find the meaning of a new sign they have just seen for the first time. It organizes more than 1,900 ASL signs by 40 basic handshapes and includes detailed descriptions on how to form these signs to represent the different English words that they might mean. ASL students can begin to track down a sign by determing whether it is formed with one hand or two. Further distinctions of handshape, palm orientation, location, movement, and other nonmanual body signals help them pinpoint their search while also refining their grasp of ASL syntax and grammar. A complete English word index provides the option of referring to an alphabetical listing of English terms to locate an equivalent sign or choice of signs.The new DVD shows how each sign is formed from beginning to end. Users can watch a sign at various speeds to learn precisely how to master it themselves. Together, the new edition of The American Sign Language Handshape Dictionary and its accompanying DVD presents students, sign language teachers, and deaf and hearing people alike with the perfect combination for enhancing communication skills in both ASL and English.

    With it, students can study a total of 800 kanji – the 297 kanji generally introduced in beginning-level textbooks and an additional 503 kanji introduced in TOBIRA – focusing on those characters that appear at Level 2 of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (as of 2009). The aim of this book is not simply to have students memorize each kanji; it is also to help them learn how to study kanji effectively and to provide them with the kanji knowledge required to continue their studies at the advanced level.

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons, • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 1-5 from the Japanese Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak Japanese. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn Japanese and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons, • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 1-5 from the Italian Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak Italian. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn Italian and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    It appears that no communication system of equivalent power exists elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Any normal human child will learn a language based on rather sparse data in the surrounding world, while even the brightest chimpanzee, exposed to the same environment, will not. Why not? How, and why, did language evolve in our species and not in others? Since Darwin's theory of evolution, questions about the origin of language have generated a rapidly-growing scientific literature, stretched across a number of disciplines, much of it directed at specialist audiences. The diversity of perspectives - from linguistics, anthropology, speech science, genetics, neuroscience and evolutionary biology - can be bewildering. Tecumseh Fitch cuts through this vast literature, bringing together its most important insights to explore one of the biggest unsolved puzzles of human history.

    Each of eleven hundred essential kanji receives a fully illustrated entry with a brief English summary explaining the evolution of its written form and meaning from ancient to modern times. Each kanji is also given on- and kun- pronunciations, a section header in a traditional kanji dictionary, a clear stroke order illustration, and sample words that are useful for learners. The unusual breadth and depth of information in The Key to Kanji meets the needs of students and teachers in university, high school, and heritage language school programs, as well as independently studying adult learners.

    Whether you need guidance for a letter, job application, essay, proposal, interview, or presentation, this book can help you choose the words you need to create the right effect. 1001 Words You Need to Know and Use is organized alphabetically, to help readers quickly find the word they need, and features a clear, easy-to-read design with an attractive two-color text. Each word is defined according to Oxford Dictionaries' latest research and includes sample sentences of real usage drawn from the Oxford English Corpus (the world's largest language databank, with more than two billion words). In addition, many entries include usage notes and word families, showing how related words can be used, with examples of pitfalls to avoid or hints on similar words. For instance, the entry for the verb "mediate" also highlights the different meanings of the related nouns "mediator" and "intermediary". In addition, there is a subject index for quick help on key areas such as application letters, catching attention, writing reports and essays, and advice on how to express yourself persuasively. Learn the words that will help you to describe an event, discuss a topic, speak in an interview, evaluate a point of view, and write more clearly. A gold mine of practical guidance, this valuable language tool contains essential information for anyone wanting to achieve greater success in any written or spoken task.

    It questions assumptions about languages as systems or as countable entities, and suggests instead that language emerges from the activities it performs. To look at language as a practice is to view language as an activity rather than a structure, as something we do rather than a system we draw on, as a material part of social and cultural life rather than an abstract entity.Language as a Local Practice draws on a variety of contexts of language use, from bank machines to postcards, Indian newspaper articles to fish-naming in the Philippines, urban graffiti to mission statements, suggesting that rather than thinking in terms of language use in context, we need to consider how language, space and place are related, how language creates the contexts where it is used, how languages are the products of socially located activities and how they are part of the action.Language as a Local Practice will be of interest to students on advanced undergraduate and post graduate courses in Applied Linguistics, Language Education, TESOL, Literacy and Cultural Studies.

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons • reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading Italian and designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers • a digital Reading Booklet What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 6-10 from the Italian Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak Italian. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn Italian and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    However, it does not scrimp on content and covers everything from Japanese kanji, kana and grammar to Japanese culture and customs. The book starts out with the main characters, Emily, Nico and Teo sitting on the grass after school, minding their own business, when—unbelievable!—a giant talking fox dressed in a kimono appears. Explaining that he knows magic, speaks 3,000 languages and is respected as a sensei (master), he wonders if the three kids are ready to learn Japanese from him. During the next 128 amusing pages, the three friends learn to speak Japanese, read Japanese and write Japanese…along with taking breaks to try Japanese hot-spring baths, sumo wrestling, Zen meditation and more. Focusing on exactly what the 9 to 13-year-old learner wants to know, this book is carefully set up to allow them to learn Japanese independently, at their own speed, without an adult's help. Every page of I'm Learning Japanese! is in full color and the illustrated comic book-approach, with its speech bubbles and funny side remarks, makes the learning seem to fly. It gives preteens a fun grounding in the language and one that's accurate and practical. Nothing they learn here is "watered down" or will ever need to be unlearned, should they continue on with their Japanese language studies in school or later in life.

    It brings together essential sources in the disciplines of grammar and rhetoric which were used to understand literary form and language and teach literary composition. Grammar and rhetoric, the language disciplines, formed the basis of any education from antiquity through the Middle Ages, no matter what future career a student would want to pursue. Because literature was also the subject matter of grammatical teaching, and because rhetorical teaching gave great attention to literary form, these were also the disciplines that would prepare students for an understanding of literary language and form. These arts constituted the abiding theoretical toolbox for anyone engaged in a life of letters.The book brings together more than fifty primary texts from the medieval history of grammar and rhetoric, well over half of them never translated into English before. The volume establishes the ancient traditions on which the medieval arts are based, and gives substantial selections from the late antique source texts. All texts are presented in their historical and theoretical contexts, and carefully annotated in order to make them useful to readers, both specialists and non-specialists. For the first time, the long traditions of grammar and rhetoric are presented together in one historical survey, showing how they related to each other, and are placed in a coherent conceptual structure, their contributions to literary theory.

    Full of fun and fresh facts about the people who abide by this often-misunderstood faith and unique culture, this handy-sized guide by Mindy Starns Clark, author of Shadows of Lancaster County (more than 43,000 copies sold), covers a wide variety of topics, such as:beliefs and values clothing and transportation courtship and marriage shunning and discipline teens and rumspringa children and the elderly education and workPresented in an easy-to-follow and engaging style, this pocket guide to the Amish is a great resource for anyone interested in Amish life.

    The world has become a complex 'web' of villages, towns, neighbourhoods and settlements connected by material and symbolic ties in often unpredictable ways. This phenomenon requires us to revise our understanding of linguistic communication. In The Sociolinguistics of Globalization Jan Blommaert constructs a theory of changing language in a changing society, reconsidering locality, repertoires, competence, history and sociolinguistic inequality.

    This Introduction to the saga genre outlines its origins and development, its literary character, its material existence in manuscripts and printed editions, and its changing reception from the Middle Ages to the present time. Its multiple sub-genres - including family sagas, mythical-heroic sagas and sagas of knights - are described and discussed in detail, and the world of medieval Icelanders is powerfully evoked. The first general study of the Old Norse-Icelandic saga to be written in English for some decades, the Introduction is based on up-to-date scholarship and engages with current debates in the field. With suggestions for further reading, detailed information about the Icelandic literary canon, and a map of medieval Iceland, this book is aimed at students of medieval literature and assumes no prior knowledge of Scandinavian languages.

    Whether it's for business or pleasure, pick up 6,000 key Portuguese words and phrases on a range of subjects. Find every word you need to know fast using the colour illustrated scenes.

    Based on large corpora of authentic language data, it presents the 500 most commonly used Chinese idioms or chengyu, along with a variety of synonyms, antonyms and the most common structures, enabling the reader to make educated guesses about the meanings of hundreds of unfamiliar idioms.Key features include:the idiom in both simplified and traditional charactersa literal English translation and English equivalentstwo suitable example sentences, plus explanations and usage notesa Pinyin index and stroke order index. This practical dictionary is suitable both for class use and independent study and will be of interest to students and teachers of Chinese alike.

    Two of the most significant compositions by a female mystic, the Tiruppavai and Nacciyar Tirumoli give expression to her powerful experiences through the useof a vibrant and bold sensuality, in which Visnu is her awesome, mesmerizing, and sometimes cruel lover. Kotai's poetry is characterized by a richness of language in which words are imbued with polyvalence and even the most mundane experiences are infused with the spirit of the divine. HerTiruppavai and Nacciyar Tirumoli are garlands of words, redolent with meanings waiting to be discovered. Today Kotai is revered as a goddess, and as a testament to the enduring relevance of her poetry, her Tiruppavai and Nacciyar Tirumoli continue to be celebrated in South Indian ritual, music, dance, and the visual arts.This book aims to capture the lyricism, beauty, and power of Kotai's original works. In addition, detailed notes based on traditional commentaries, and discussions of the ritual and performative lives of the Tiruppavai and Nacciyar Tirumoli highlight the importance of this ninth-century poet and hertwo poems over the past one thousand years.

    Grosjean describes the various strategies used by parents raising bilingual children.

    From wolves to functional magnetic resonance imaging, the essay draws the reader through the text and ultimately beyond it. Because “the experience of reading a story does not end with the last page.”That’s the point at which the real development begins.

    Just like automobile accidents, accidents of style occur all over the English-speaking world, in print and on the Internet, thousands of times every day. They range from minor fender benders, such as confusing their and there, to serious smashups, such as misusing sensual for sensuous or writing loathe when you mean loath.Charles Harrington Elster shows you how to navigate the hairpin turns of grammar, diction, spelling, and punctuation with an entertaining driver's manual covering 350 common word hazards and infractions, arranged in order of complexity for writers of all levels. Elster illustrates these surprisingly common accidents with quotations from numerous print and online publications, many of them highly regarded---which perhaps should make us feel better: If the horrendous redundancy close proximity and the odious construction what it is, is have appeared in The New York Times, maybe our own accidents will be forgiven. But that shouldn't keep us from aspiring to accident-free writing and speaking.If you want to get on the road to writing well, The Accidents of Style will help you drive home what you want to say.

    The book draws on Oxford's unrivalled dictionary research program and language monitoring, and relates the fascinating stories behind many of our most curious terms and expressions in order to offer the reader a much more detailed explanation than can be found in a general English dictionary. Organized A-Z, the entries include first known use along with examples that illustrate the many faces of the particular word or phrase, from 'handsome' to 'bachelor' and 'cute' to 'baby', from 'pagan' to 'palaver' and 'toff' to 'torpedo'. Also featured are almost 20 special panels that cover expressions common in English but drawn from other languages, such as 'coffee', 'sugar', and 'candy' from Arabic or 'booze', 'brandy', and 'gin' (Dutch). This absorbing volume is useful for language students and enthusiasts, but also an intriguing read for any person interested in the development of the English language and of language development in general. It also includes an extended introduction on the history of the English language.

    It explores the seven distinct principles that have evolved for sitcom and takes the reader through each stage and how to apply it to their own writing.

    The largest number of Spanish speakers reside in Mexico, with over 98% of the population speaking Spanish. This course teaches Latin American Spanish. Spanish is one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Derived from Latin, Spanish is a Romance language, in the Ibero-Romance group. Spanish is spoken widely throughout Latin America and Spain as well as parts of the United States, Asia, Africa and Oceania.Spanish Phase 4, Units 1-30A new 30-unit course that replaces the Spanish Plus 10-unit course, and which is designed to be completed after Spanish Phase 3. Consists of thirty 30-minute lessons totaling 15 hours of spoken Spanish language learning. Plus, one hour of Reading Lessons designed to give you practice reading Spanish and expand your vocabulary. Builds upon skills taught in Pimsleur's Spanish Phases 1-3. You'll be speaking and understanding Spanish with near-fluency and with a broad range of conversational skills. In Phase 4, the pace and conversation moves more rapidly, making way for accelerated and more plentiful learning of vocabulary and structures. Learn to speak about your profession, needs, likes and dislikes. Create complex sentences discussing the past, present and future, and discuss current technology. Main topics of Spanish Phase 4 include: Work related travel: meetings, projects, conferences, appointments; using a business center in a hotel; making conversations in an educational setting. Accommodations: reserving a room, requesting Internet connection, getting help with luggage, asking about breakfast and dinner hours. Shopping: getting around in a department store, trying on and buying various items of clothing, asking for colors and sizes, buying gifts and souvenirs, going to the market. Vacationing: going to the beach and swimming pool, sunbathing, choosing inside or outside seating at a restaurant, taking a walk, talking about sports. Family and friends: conversing informally with and about friends and extended family, talking informally about everyday situations. Small talk: expressing opinions, wishes, and stating views; asking how someone is feeling; talking about books and summarizing a book plot. Weather: describing types of weather: rainy, windy, sunny, humid.Speak with a natural-sounding, near-native accent. No mindless repetition! Converse with native speakers in natural and useful conversations at a high-intermediate level. Easy, fast, fun and effective – We guarantee satisfaction and a measurable level of spoken proficiency (rules and regulations apply, see http://www.pimsleur.com/Proficiency-G... for more details). Learn anytime, anywhere. No computer necessary!

    Are you looking for a complete course in Dutch which takes you effortlessly from beginner to confident speaker? Whether you are starting from scratch, or are just out of practice, this book and double CD will guarantee success! It is now fully updated to make your language learning experience fun and interactive.

    All series' volumes have been developed in accordance with performance-based principles and methodology--contextualization, learner-centeredness, use of authentic materials, usage-orientedness, balance between skill getting and skill using, and integration of speaking, listening, reading, writing, and culture. Grammar points are systematically introduced in simple but adequate explanations and abundant examples and exercises.Each situation/topic-based lesson of the main texts consists of model dialogues, narration, new words and expressions, vocabulary notes, culture, grammar, usage, and English translation of dialogues. In response to comments from hundreds of students and instructors of the first edition, this new edition features a more attractive two-color design with all new photos and drawings and an additional lesson and vocabulary exercises. Lessons are now organized into two main sections, each containing a conversational text (with its own vocabulary list) and a reading passage. The accompanying workbook, newly written, provides students with extensive skill-using activities based on the skills learned in the main text.illus.

    It offers students of Nahuatl a complete and clear treatment of the language's structure, grammar, and vocabulary. It is divided into 35 chapters, beginning with basic syntax and progressing gradually to more complex structures. Each grammatical concept is illustrated clearly with examples, exercises, and passages for translation. A key is provided to allow students to check their answers. By far the most approachable textbook of Nahuatl available, this book will be an excellent teaching tool both for classroom use and for readers pursuing independent study of the language. It will be an invaluable resource to anthropologists, ethnographers, historians, archaeologists, and linguists alike.

    Now in its third printing, this is a classic text for those studying bibliotherapy:  the use of literature in all its forms to promote mental health. The Hynes and Hynes-Berry four-stage bibliotherapy model is used by therapists, clinicians, educators, poets, and spiritual directors around the world.

    Offering learners and travellers extensive and up-to-date coverage of Korean and English in a compact, portable format.Designed for all levels of language learner, whether at home, at school, or at work, this is the ideal text for anyone who needs a wealth of reliable information in a portable format.o Contains all the everyday words and phrases used in today's Korean and English that you will need to know.o An easy-to-use and reliable dictionary.o A two-way dictionary: Korean-English and English-Korean.o The clear layout ensures that you can quickly find the information you need.o All Korean words, phrases and translations are transcribed using the revised Korean romanization system – ideal for beginners.

    Chapters and corresponding themes include: the universe and Earth, the animal kingdom, sports and games, science and energy, and much more.

    Joshua Blau, who has for much of his life been associated with the Academy of the Hebrew Language in Jerusalem, has during the past half century studied, collected data, and written frequently on various aspects of the Hebrew language.Phonology and Morphology of Biblical Hebrew had its origins in an introduction to Biblical Hebrew first written some 40 years ago; it has now been translated from Modern Hebrew, thoroughly revised and updated, and it distills a lifetime of knowledge of the topic. The book begins with a 60-page introduction that locates Biblical Hebrew in the Semitic family of languages. It then discusses various approaches to categorization and classification, introduces and discusses various linguistic approaches and features that are necessary to the discussion, and provides a background to the way that linguists approach a language such as Biblical Hebrew all of which will be useful to students who have taken first-year Hebrew as well those who have studied Biblical Hebrew extensively but have not been introduced to linguistic study of the topic.After a brief discussion of phonetics, the main portion of the book is devoted to phonology and to morphology. In the section on phonology, Blau provides complete coverage of the consonant and vowel systems of Biblical Hebrew and of the factors that have affected both systems. In the section on morphology, he discusses the parts of speech (pronouns, verbs, nouns, numerals) and includes brief comments on the prepositions and waw. The historical processes affecting each feature are explained as Blau progresses through the various sections. The book concludes with a complete set of paradigms and extensive indexes.Blau s recognized preeminence as a Hebraist and Arabist as well as his understanding of language change have converged in the production of this volume to provide an invaluable tool for the comparative and historical study of Biblical Hebrew phonology and morphology.

    It is a ground-breaking and timely book that draws on intensive recent research at an exciting moment. It is the first comprehensive book on the subject for over thirty years. The British Museum holds an unequalled collection of Book of the Dead manuscripts on papyri, many of which have never been published before New photography provides lasting record of fragile and rarely exhibited material. It is published to accompany a major exhibition at the British Museum, 4 November 2010 6 March 2011. The Book of the Dead is a compilation of spells that the ancient Egyptians believed would assist them in the afterlife as they made their perilous journey towards the realm of the gods and the ultimate state of eternity.

    These techniques will transform any attorney into a more confident speaker, whether addressing colleagues in a conference room, counseling clients in a boardroom, or presenting a CLE in a ballroom. Including tips on bringing the presentation off of one's notes and using direct eye contact, the book answers such common questions as: How do I channel nervous energy into dynamic delivery? What is a reliable way to remember what I want to say? How do I stop saying "um" and think in silence instead? and Why is gesturing so important? Topics are divided into chapters on the body, the brain, and the voice, with an extra section specifically dedicated to practice.

    FRENCH CULINARY PHRASES, FOODIE TERMS AND CULTURAL TIPS COME TOGETHER IN THE ULTIMATE FOOD-LOVER’S GUIDE PAYS DES DÉLICESWhether you’re spending a semester in Paris, vacationing in the Riviera, dining at a local bistro or mastering the French culinary art in your own kitchen, The Farm to Table French Phrasebook opens a bountiful world of food that you won’t find in any textbook or classroom: • Navigate produce markets, charcuteries and patisseries• Prepare meals the French way with delicious, authentic recipes• Speak the lingo of Paris’s top restaurants and bistros• Pair regional wines with delightful cheeses• Master the proper table etiquette for dining at a friend’s house

    The author is a well-known vocabulary researcher and he outlines the dos and don'ts of good lexical research. Practical advice is given on a wide variety of research methodologies, ranging from paper-and-pencil tests of acquisition to the newest psycholinguistic techniques utilizing fMRI scanning. Some of the many topics include initial learning of the form-meaning link, attrition, the role of frequency and the L1 in vocabulary research, receptive and productive knowledge of vocabulary, formulaic language, word associations, vocabulary measurement, vocabulary learning strategies, and computer simulations of vocabulary acquisition. The book includes a Resources section which outlines the lexical tests, corpora, software, internet sites, and other resources available to vocabulary researchers. A list of past and present vocabulary researchers, annotated with their specialisms, is also provided.

    The readings are drawn from myths, letters, law-codes, medical incantations, and other authentic, ancient writings. The language is presented in the Roman alphabet, with an explanation of cuneiform script, and the main features of Assyrian - cognate with Babylonian - are also explained. Learn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design and interactive features in this book from Teach Yourself, the No. 1 brand in language learning.Complete Babylonian includes:Part one - Getting startedChapter 1: IntroductionChapter 2: How to use this bookChapter 3: PronunciationChapter 4: Writing Babylonian in Roman CharactersChapter 5: Roots and patternsPart two - Nouns and adjectivesChapter 6: Overview of nouns and adjectivesChapter 7: Nouns and adjectives, singularChapter 8: Nouns, pluralChapter 9: Adjectives, pluralChapter 10: The construct stateChapter 11: Possessive suffixesChapter 12: The dualChapter 13: PrepositionsPart three - Strong verbsChapter 14: Overview of verbsChapter 15: The presentChapter 16: The preteriteChapter 17: The perfectChapter 18: The stative and the verbal adjectiveChapter 19: Verbs with accusative, dative and ventive suffixes Chapter 20: The imperativeChapter 21: The precativeChapter 22: The infinitivePart four: Weak and irregular verbsChapter 23: III-weak verbsChapter 24: I-weak verbsChapter 25: II-weak verbsChapter 26: I-w verbsChapter 27: Doubly weak verbsChapter 28: Three irregular verbsPart five - Clauses into sentencesChapter 29: Verbless clausesChapter 30: Joining clauses into sentencesChapter 31: Particularities of relative clauses with saChapter 32: The interrelation of clausesPart six - Further topicsChapter 33: The Gtn, Dtn and Stn systemsChapter 34: The Gt, Dt and St systemsChapter 35: ParticiplesChapter 36: AdverbsChapter 37: Independent pronounsChapter 38: Quadrilateral verbsChapter 39: NumbersChapter 40: Cuneiform: some worked examplesChapter 41: The main features of AssyrianChapter 42: Taking things furtherPart seven - ReferenceChapter 43: Some common wordsChapter 44: The main features of syllabic spellingsChapter 45: Summary of strong verbs' cores and suffixesChapter 46: Forming nouns and patternsChapter 47: Some sound changesLearn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design and interactive features: Not got much time?One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started.Author insightsLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience.Test yourselfTests in the book and online to keep track of your progress.Extend your knowledgeExtra online articles to give you a richer understanding of the subject.Five things to rememberQuick refreshers to help you remember the key facts.Try thisInnovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.

    It analyzes data gathered from published testimonies and language memoirs of former language learners, spoken and written data from American college language learners, and online data from language learners in electronic chatrooms and text messaging exchanges. The author encourages readers to consider foreign language learning from new, diverse, and unique perspectives.

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons • reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading German and designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers • a digital Reading Booklet What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 11-15 from the German Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak German. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn German and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    Realistic situations you might encounter in Korea in Korean-speaking environments are described, and new words are explained in terms of how you'll find them useful to communicate. Numerous illustrations enliven the text, and a CD-ROM bound into the jacket lets you listen and repeat phrases in the book. Soon you'll be able to say with pride, "I know Korean!" Features of Korean for Beginners are:-Learn to read Korean writing with ease-Practical phrases help you converse with confidence-A lighthearted "guide" walks you through, bringing the language to life-The CD–ROM's native Korean speakers help you to speak Korean like a proAs the more than 1 million Americans who speak Korean can attest, Korean is here to stay, and generations of young (and older) adults are determined to learn it. This book is for people who want a grasp of how to speak, write and understand Korean—and who want to enjoy things while they're at it!

    You'll learn grammar in a gradual manner so you won't be overwhelmed by this tricky subject. Exercises accompany the texts and reinforce learning in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. This program also features current cultural information boxes that reflect recent changes in society.Features: One and five-minute introductions to key principles to get you started Lots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience Tests in the book and online to keep track of your progress Extra online articles at www.teachyourself.com to give you a richer understanding of the basics of the language

    The Oxford Essential Arabic Dictionary is a brand-new, compact Arabic-English and English-Arabic dictionary that offers up-to-date coverage of all the essential day-to-day vocabulary of both languages, with over 16,000 words, phrases, and translations. This compact paperback is easy to use and authoritative, making it ideal for students, travelers, and anyone else who needs a portable and reliable resource on English and Arabic. The vocabulary is completely up to date and includes high-profile words and phrases not found in most of the completing dictionaries of this size and larger, including such words as broadband, browser, cell phone, DVD recorder, and flight attendant. Designed with both native English and Arabic speakers in mind, the Dictionarys supplementary sections offer guidance on Arabic verbs and irregular verbs. The book provides phonetic transcriptions for each English entry as well as phonetic respelling for irregular Arabic pronunciations. Arabic entries are also listed according to alphabetical order, not by root, in order to make word searches more user-friendly. Additional supplements give help with tricky language areas such as numerals and expressions of time. Compact and affordable, the Oxford Essential Arabic Dictionary is the ideal companion for anyone needing a reliable and portable Arabic-English and English-Arabic dictionary for study, work or travel.

    This 'Celtic Atlantic Bronze Age' theory represents a major departure from the long-established, but increasingly problematic scenario in which the story of the Ancient Celtic languages and that of peoples called Keltoi 'Celts' are closely bound up with the archaeology of the Hallstatt and La Tene cultures of Iron Age west-central Europe. The 'Celtic from the West' proposal was first presented in Barry Cunliffe's Facing the Ocean (2001) and has subsequently found resonance amongst geneticists. It provoked controversy on the part of some linguists, though is significantly in accord with John Koch's findings in Tartessian (2009). The present collection is intended to pursue the question further in order to determine whether this earlier and more westerly starting point might now be developed as a more robust foundation for Celtic studies. As well as having this specific aim, a more general purpose of Celtic from the West is to bring to an English-language readership some of the rapidly unfolding and too often neglected evidence of the pre-Roman peoples and languages of the western Iberian Peninsula. Celtic from the West is an outgrowth of a multidisciplinary conference held at the National Library of Wales in Aberystwyth in December 2008. In addition to 11 chapters, the book includes 45 distribution maps and a further 80 illustrations. The conference and collaborative volume mark the launch of a multi-year research initiative undertaken by the University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies [CAWCS]: Ancient Britain and the Atlantic Zone [ABrAZo]. Contributors: (Archaeology) Barry Cunliffe; Raimund Karl; Amilcar Guerra; (Genetics) Brian McEvoy & Daniel Bradley; Stephen Oppenheimer; Ellen Rrvik; (Language & Literature) Graham Isaac; David Parsons; John T. Koch; Philip Freeman; Dagmar S. Wodtko.

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 30, 30-minute audio lessons • 60 minutes of reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading French and designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent • in total, 16 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers • A digital Reading Booklet What You’ll Learn In the first 10 lessons, you’ll cover the basics: saying hello, asking for or giving information, scheduling a meal or a meeting, asking for or giving basic directions, and much more. You’ll be able to handle minimum courtesy requirements, understand much of what you hear, and be understood at a beginning level, but with near-native pronunciation skills. In the next 10 lessons, you’ll build on what you’ve learned. Expand your menu, increase your scheduling abilities from general to specific, start to deal with currency and exchanging money, refine your conversations and add over a hundred new vocabulary items. You’ll understand more of what you hear, and be able to participate with speech that is smoother and more confident. In the final 10 lessons, you’ll be speaking and understanding at an intermediate level. More directions are given in French, which moves your learning to a whole new plane. Lessons include shopping, visiting friends, going to a restaurant, plans for the evening, car trips, and talking about family. You’ll be able to speak comfortably about things that happened in the past and make plans for the future. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn French and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    Alphabetical and part-of speech indexes are provided for ease of use. The dictionary also contains 31 thematically organised and frequency-ranked lists of words on a variety of topics, such as family, sports, and food. New words in the language, differences between American and British English, and grammar topics like the most frequent phrasal verbs are also covered.A Frequency Dictionary of Contemporary American English is an engaging and efficient resource enabling students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary. It is also a rich resource for language teaching, research, curriculum design, and materials development.A CD version is available to purchase separately. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research work.

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons • reading instruction to provide you with an introduction to reading German and designed to teach you to sound out words with correct pronunciation and accent • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers • a digital Reading Booklet What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 6-10 from the German Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak German. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn German and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    You'll turn yourself into a spelling super hero, build your own bookstore and even make a talking cake! Then there are the poems to write, the word riddles and secret codes to solve, the expressions to learn..you'll be so busy you won't even have time to copy and send love letters!

    Allen's edition of Homer's Odyssey (originally published by Oxford University Press in 1908) is a single page of corresponding vocabulary and intermediate level grammatical commentary. Once readers have memorized the core vocabulary list, they will be able to read the Homeric Greek and consult all relevant vocabulary and commentary without turning a page.

    When studying Japanese, learners can struggle with not knowing how to use different expressions with very similar meanings. This textbook is organized so that learners study one function per section, allowing them to efficiently learn the proper use of different synonyms. Easy-to-understand example sentences and explanations teach the usage of sentence patterns, which facilitates Japanese-language communication and makes this textbook a perfect choice for learners. 本书是一本涵盖了日本语能力考试N1〜N3级的重要语法表现，面向中高级日语学习者的教材。如何区别使用日语中意思基本相同的不同语法表现，是日语学习时的一个难点。本书采取了每一课学习一种语法功能的方式，从而提高了学习使用相近语法表现的效率。如果你想通过简单易懂的例句和说明来理解句型的用法，提高日语交流的能力的话，请务必使用本书。본서는 일본어 능력시험 N1~N3 수준의

    Together Culy, Parsons, and Stigall explain the text's critical, lexical, grammatical, and linguistic aspects while revealing its carefully crafted narrative style. In all, they show the author of Luke to be a master communicator, well at home within the Greek biographical tradition.--Craig S. Keener, Professor of New Testament, Palmer Theological Seminary

    How did this enormous reach come about? And what happens to a language when it is used by so many? In Evolving English, David Crystal, the leading authority on the development of the English language, answers these questions and more.Unlike other histories of the English language, Evolving English is a fully illustrated history, charting the development of the language through images, from the earliest runic inscriptions in Old English and the emergence of a standard variety of English between 1400 and 1800 to the most modern forms of the language, as seen in concrete and text poetry. In telling the story of the language’s growth and change, Crystal draws on examples from English in its various guises and uses—including everyday English, English in the workplace, regional and international varieties, and English in playful and literary expression. Crystal’s accessible and lively linguistic history shows where language is now, where it has been, and—perhaps most important of all—where it is heading. Crystal is not afraid to address the new varieties of the language appearing in world literature, on the Internet, and in cell phone text messages. Both topical and readable, Evolving English shows that the story of the world’s most common language is as diverse and interesting as those words that comprise it.

    Trends in spoken Latin altered or dismantled older categories in phonology and morphology, while the regional varieties of speech, evolving under diverse influences, formed new grammatical patterns, each creating its own internal regularities. Documentary sources for spoken Latin show the beginnings of this process, which comes to full fruition in the medieval emergence of written Romance languages. This book newly distills the facts into an appealing program of study, including exercises, and makes the difficult issues clear, taking well motivated and sometimes innovative stands. It provides not only an essential guide for those new to the topic, but also a reliable compendium for the specialist.

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons, • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 6-10 from the Japanese Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak Japanese. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn Japanese and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    A collection of essays in English and Filipino written by literature and education experts on Philippine literature, language and policy issues, teaching and research.

    You will learn about vowels, consonants, phonemes & allophones, syllables and utterances. Build a strong foundation for writing and pronouncing the IPA with these lessons. The course provides practice exercises, clear examples of each topic and plenty of opportunities to copy and work with IPA transcriptions. Extras include a selection of symbols used for transcribing English, vowel and consonant charts, copy practice worksheets for unfamiliar IPA symbols and helpful illustrations of speech anatomy. The book ends with answers to the exercises and a short topical index.

    A new addition to the widely acclaimed Collins Easy Learning range, Collins Easy Learning Complete Italian is a handy 3-in-1 book: grammar, verbs and vocabulary in one volume, ideal for beginners wanting a clear and easy-to-understand Italian reference guide.

    This comprehensive reference work provides an overview of the concepts, methodologies, and applications in computational linguistics and natural language processing (NLP).Features contributions by the top researchers in the field, reflecting the work that is driving the discipline forward Includes an introduction to the major theoretical issues in these fields, as well as the central engineering applications that the work has produced Presents the major developments in an accessible way, explaining the close connection between scientific understanding of the computational properties of natural language and the creation of effective language technologies Serves as an invaluable state-of-the-art reference source for computational linguists and software engineers developing NLP applications in industrial research and development labs of software companies

    You’ll learn vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation together through conversation. And our scientifically proven program will help you remember what you’ve learned, so you can put it into action. Why Pimsleur? • Quick + Easy – Only 30 minutes a day. • Portable + Flexible – Core lessons can be done anytime, anywhere, and easily fit into your busy life. • Proven Method – Works when other methods fail. • Self-Paced – Go fast or go slow – it’s up to you. • Based in Science – Developed using proven research on memory and learning. • Cost-effective – Less expensive than classes or immersion, and features all native speakers. • Genius – Triggers your brain’s natural aptitude to learn. • Works for everyone – Recommended for ages 13 and above. What’s Included? • 5, 30-minute audio lessons, • In total, 2.5 hours of audio, all featuring native speakers What You’ll Learn This course includes Lessons 11-15 from the Japanese Level 1 program featuring 2.5 hours of language instruction. Each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. Detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. Practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons is included in each lesson. The emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak Japanese. Whether you want to travel, communicate with friends or colleagues, reconnect with family, or just understand more of what’s going on in the world around you, Pimsleur will help you learn Japanese and expand your horizons and enrich your life.

    Designed to build a strong foundation in both the spoken and written language it develops all the basic skills such as pronunciation, character writing, word use and structures, while placing strong emphasis on the development of communicative skills.Each level of the course consists of a textbook and workbook, available separately in simplified or traditional character editions. Both workbooks include a free CD with all the dialogues from the textbooks and the necessary audio for the listening for information exercises. A companion website will provide expanded listening files and a broad range of resources for students and teachers.The benefits of this course include:focus on the long-term retention of vocabulary, characters and structures by reiterating structures and vocabulary throughout the book series carefully selected and staged introduction of characters with staged removal of pinyin to ensure recognition and use of characters clear and jargon-free explanations of use and structures, that are easy for students and teachers to understand extensive workbook exercises for homework, independent study, and classroom use focusing on all language skills and modalities including a vast inventory of carefully structured exercises focusing on listening comprehension, reading for information, and writing for communication an extensive inventory of classroom activities that guide students to develop a list of communication goals and key structures for each lesson allowing the student to assess progress cultural notes explaining the context of the dialogues language FAQs explaining aspects of Chinese language as they relate to the content and vocabulary in the lesson storyline following a group of students studying in China from Europe, North America and East Asia, making the book attractive to a variety of students and facilitating the introduction of Chinese culture full-color text design for the textbook and carefully matched designs for the traditional and simplified books, allowing for easy cross-reference.The course is also fully supported by an interactive Companion Website. The website contains a wealth of additional resources for both teachers and students.Teachers will find lesson plans in both English and Mandarin, providing a weekly schedule and overall syllabus for fall and spring, as well as activities for each lesson and answer keys.Students will be able to access downloadable character practice worksheets along with interactive pronunciation, vocabulary and character practice exercises. All the audio material necessary for the course is also available online and conveniently linked on screen to the relevant exercises for ease-of-use.For further details please visit http: //www.routledge.com/books/details/97804...For bundle discounts please visit http: //www.routledge.com/books/details/97804...

    Will this cute little fuzzy character, Hug-A-Bug, find a new friend to hug while on his travel in Egypt? Throughout the story the reader will learn simple Arabic phrases while on his travel to the famous Egyptian pyramids and other interesting places in Egypt. Teach your kids that reading is fun and see them grow! Visit www.HugABugTravels.com for more reading fun and activities.

    This book takes a look at five of them from the interpreter's perspective inside and outside the Oval Office: Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan. Most Americans have very little familiarity with professional interpreting, a profession known fairly well in Europe and Canada. After finishing WHITE HOUSE INTERPRETER, the reader will understand what interpreting is all about and why this profession is of considerable importance to many segments of our society: from the White House to the courthouse, from the military battlefield to our hospitals. Many thousands of highly trained professional interpreters and translators help the European nations and other highly developed countries successfully export large amounts of goods and services and keep millions of jobs at home. Obst examines the dismal training picture in the United States and urges remedial action. The book is written for the general reader. The author avoids the linguistic jargon. He mixes the technical information with interesting anecdotes, many of them never published before.

    You'll learn grammar in a gradual manner so you won't be overwhelmed by this tricky subject. Exercises accompany the texts and reinforce learning in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. This program also features current cultural information boxes that reflect recent changes in society. The accompanying audio CDs include audio exercises--performed by native speakers--that reinforce communicative skills.Features: Lots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience Tests in the book to keep track of your progress

    The course is structured in thematic units and the emphasis is placed on communication, so that you effortlessly progress from introducing yourself and dealing with everyday situations, to using the phone and talking about work. By the end of this course, you will be at Level B2 of the Common European Framework for Languages: Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Learn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design and interactive features: NOT GOT MUCH TIME? One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started. AUTHOR INSIGHTS Lots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience. GRAMMAR TIPS Easy-to-follow building blocks to give you a clear understanding. USEFUL VOCABULARY Easy to find and learn, to build a solid foundation for speaking. DIALOGUES Read and listen to everyday dialogues to help you speak and understand fast. TEST YOURSELF Tests in the book and online to keep track of your progress. EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGE Extra online articles at: www.teachyourself.com to give you a richer understanding of the culture and history of Gaelic speakers. TRY THIS Innovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it. The course is available as a print book (9781444105919), as a pack comprising the book and double CD (9781444102369) and as a double CD (9781444102468).

    Using her designs, Abou Rjeily applies Arabic rules of writing, grammar and pronunciation to English as a way to introduce Arabic to non-native speakers.

    Beginning with a description of the oldest attested stage of the language, Old Japanese (approximately the eighth century AD), and then tracing the changes which occurred through the Early Middle Japanese (800-1200), Late Middle Japanese (1200-1600) and the Modern Japanese (1600-onwards) periods, a complete internal history of the language is examined and discussed. This account provides a comprehensive study of how the Japanese language has developed and adapted, providing a much needed resource for scholars. A History of the Japanese Language is invaluable to all those interested in the Japanese language and also students of language change generally.

    The fluency-focused English textbook for advanced English language learners includes 45 thematic chapters, over 1,350 questions, 500 vocabulary words, 250 proverbs and American idioms, and 500 quotations. Designed for adult education, international college, and intensive English language students, the conversations and activities deepen critical thinking skills and develop speaking skills essential to success in community college and university programs. Compelling Conversations has been used in classrooms in over 50 countries, recommended by English Teaching Professional magazine, adopted by conversation clubs and private English tutors, and enjoyed by thousands of English students.

    1 brand in language learning. Read and write Japanese scripts is a clear step-by-step guide to the written languages, with plenty of examples from real-life texts to show how they work in context and lots of exercises to reinforce your learning. This new edition has an easy-to-read page design.Now fully updated to make your language learning experience fun and interactive. You can still rely on the benefits of a top language teacher and our years of teaching experience, but now with added learning features within the course. Learn effortlessly with new, easy-to-read page design: AUTHOR INSIGHTSLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience.USEFUL VOCABULARYEasy to find and learn, to build a solid foundation for speaking.TEST YOURSELFTests in the book to keep track of your progress.EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGEExtra online articles at: www.teachyourself.com to give you a richer understanding of the culture and history of Japan.TRY THISInnovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.

    Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: The Language Instinct, the Blank Slate, the Stuff of Thought, Words and Rules, How the Mind Works. Source: Wikipedia. Free updates online. Not illustrated. Excerpt: The Language Instinct is a book by Steven Pinker for a general audience, published in 1994. In it, Pinker argues that humans are born with an innate capacity for language. In addition, he deals sympathetically with Noam Chomsky's claim that all human language shows evidence of a universal grammar. In the final chapter Pinker dissents from the skepticism shown by Chomsky that evolution by natural selection is up to the challenge of explaining a human language instinct. Some of the areas of the brain involved in language processing: Broca's area, Wernicke's area, Supramarginal gyrus, Angular gyrus, Primary Auditory Cortex Pinker sets out to disabuse the reader of a number of common ideas about language, e.g. that children must be taught to use it, that most people's grammar is poor, that the quality of language is steadily declining, that language has a heavy influence on a person's possible range of thoughts (the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis), and that nonhuman animals have been taught language (see Great Ape language). Each of these claims, he argues, is false. Instead, Pinker sees language as an ability unique to humans, produced by evolution to solve the specific problem of communication among social hunter-gatherers. He compares language to other species' specialized adaptations such as spiders' web-weaving or beavers' dam-building behavior, calling all three "instincts." By calling language an instinct, Pinker means that it is not a human invention in the sense that metalworking and even writing are. While only some human cultures possess these technologies, all cultures possess language. ...More: http: //booksllc.net/?id=24222

    The book starts with a solid foundation in the basics of good writing: setting descriptions, writing atmosphere, and character development. The authors then explore the specific elements of adventure writing—from setting the stage to conducting research; from combining history and geography to effectively utilizing technology. The result is an adventure-based paper that is “rooted in real places, supported by facts, and developed with detailed description of images from real locations.” Teachers will find handouts, sample activities, student writing examples, research sources, and tips to help them create a nonfiction writing program based around the adventure writing model. Research papers don’t have to be boring to read or to write. This book will show you how to get vibrant papers from your students—papers that teach both reader and writer something new.

    Its claim that philosophical questions of meaning necessitate a close analysis of the way we use language continues to influence Anglo-American philosophy today. However, its compressed and dialogic prose is not always easy to follow. This collection of essays deepens but also challenges our understanding of the work's major themes, such as the connection between meaning and use, the nature of concepts, thought and intentionality, and language games. Bringing together leading philosophers and Wittgenstein scholars, it offers a genuinely critical approach, developing new perspectives and demonstrating Wittgenstein's relevance for contemporary philosophy. This volume will appeal to readers interested in the later Wittgenstein, in addition to those interested in the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mind, metaphysics and epistemology.

    Translations dominate the earliest history of texts written for children in English, and stories translated from other languages have continued to shape its course to the present day. Lathey traces the role of the translator and the impact of translations on the history of English-language children's literature from the ninth century onwards. Discussions of popular texts in each era reveal fluctuations in the reception of translated children's texts, as well as instances of cultural mediation by translators and editors. Abridgement, adaptation, and alteration by translators have often been viewed in a negative light, yet a closer examination of historical translators' prefaces reveals a far more varied picture than that of faceless conduits or wilful censors. From William Caxton's dedication of his translated History of Jason to young Prince Edward in 1477 ('to thentent/he may begynne to lerne read Englissh'), to Edgar Taylor's justification of the first translation into English of Grimms' tales as a means of promoting children's imaginations in an age of reason, translators have recorded in prefaces and other writings their didactic, religious, aesthetic, financial, and even political purposes for translating children's texts.

    - You can purchase the book and double CD as a pack (ISBN: 9781444102345) - The double CD is also sold separately (ISBN: 9781444102444) (copy and paste the ISBN number into the search bar to find these products) Are you looking for a complete course in Welsh which takes you effortlessly from beginner to confident speaker? Whether you are starting from scratch, or are just out of practice, Complete Welsh will guarantee success! Now fully updated to make your language learning experience fun and interactive. You can still rely on the benefits of a top language teacher and our years of teaching experience, but now with added learning features within the course and online. The course is structured in thematic units and the emphasis is placed on communication, so that you effortlessly progress from introducing yourself and dealing with everyday situations, to using the phone and talking about work. By the end of this course, you will be at Level B2 of the Common European Framework for Languages: Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Learn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design and interactive features: NOT GOT MUCH TIME? One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started. AUTHOR INSIGHTS Lots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience. GRAMMAR TIPS Easy-to-follow building blocks to give you a clear understanding. USEFUL VOCABULARY Easy to find and learn, to build a solid foundation for speaking. DIALOGUES Read and listen to everyday dialogues to help you speak and understand fast. PRONUNCIATION Perfect your pronunciation. TEST YOURSELF Tests in the book and online to keep track of your progress. EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGE Extra online articles to give you a richer understanding of the culture and history of Wales. TRY THIS Innovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.