The most impactful recent political movements on the far left and right started with massive online collectives of teenagers. Strangely, both movements began on the same website: an anime imageboard called 4chan.org. It Came from Something Awful is the fascinating and bizarre story of 4chan and its profound effect on youth counterculture.Dale Beran has observed the website's shifting activities and interests since the beginning. 4chan is a microcosm of the internet itself--simultaneously at the vanguard of contemporary culture, politics, comedy and language, and a new low for all of the above. It was the original meme machine, mostly frequented by socially awkward and disenfranchised young men in search of a place to be alone together.During the recession of the late 2000's, the memes became political. 4chan was the online hub of a leftist hacker collective known as Anonymous and a prominent supporter of the Occupy Wall Street movement. But within a few short years, the site's ideology spun on its axis; it became the birthplace and breeding ground of the alt-right. In It Came from Something Awful, Beran uses his insider's knowledge and natural storytelling ability to chronicle 4chan's strange journey from creating rage-comics to inciting riots to--according to some--memeing Donald Trump into the White House.

    "This book examines the history and future of Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, which provides websites extraordinary legal immunity for user-generated content and is responsible for the modern Internet in the United States"--

    Leading political writer and broadcaster Richard Seymour, author of Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics argues that this is a chilling metaphor for our relationship with social media.Former social media executives tell us that the system is an addiction-machine. We are users, waiting for our next hit as we like, comment and share. We write to the machine as individuals, but it responds by aggregating our fantasies, desires and frailties into data, and returning them to us as a commodity experience.Through journalism, psychoanalytic reflection and insights from users, developers, security experts and others, Seymour probes the human side of the machine, asking what we’re getting out of it, and what we’re getting into.

    This hands-on book helps you learn the Kotlin language with a unique method that goes beyond syntax and how-to manuals and teaches you how to think like a great Kotlin developer. You'll learn everything from language fundamentals to collections, generics, lambdas, and higher-order functions. Along the way, you'll get to play with both object-oriented and functional programming. If you want to really understand Kotlin, this is the book for you.Why does this book look so different?Based on the latest research in cognitive science and learning theory, Head First Kotlin uses a visually rich format to engage your mind rather than a text-heavy approach that puts you to sleep. Why waste your time struggling with new concepts? This multisensory learning experience is designed for the way your brain really works.

    Even as the Chinese internet grows and online businesses thrive, speech is controlled, dissent quashed, and any attempts to organise outside the official Communist Party are quickly stamped out. But the effects of the Great Firewall are not confined to China itself. More and more, China is threatening global internet freedoms as it seeks to shore up its censorship regime, with methods that are providing inspiration for aspiring autocrats the world over.As censorship, distortion and fake news gain traction around the world, and internet giants such as Facebook show ever greater willingness to compromise internet freedoms in pursuit of the Chinese market, James Griffiths takes a look inside the Great Firewall and explores just how far it has spread, arguing that its influence can only be countered by initiating a radical new vision of online liberty.

    But I'm getting my second chance. No matter what. Evi was always a gorgeous rebel. She owns a tattoo shop. Tough girl, party of one. But sometimes I wish it were two. My brothers think I'm stuck up. Because I went to Harvard. I worked hard in school, to help the family… Become a lawyer and keep our mob dealings on the right side of the law. And now I have to help Evi too. A rival mob wants her shop's property. But they won't know what hit them. Because nobody touches my woman. Even if Evi doesn't know she's my woman. Yet. Hustle is a fast-paced, steamy romance that gives you an inside look at what happens when Boston’s sexiest buttoned-up mafia lawyer takes a walk on the dark side. Get ready for an explosive enemies to lovers, second chance, opposites attract love story that shows you some things really are destined to be. No cheating, no cliffhangers, and a heartwarming, sizzling hot HEA.

    She thought her week couldn't get any worse and then she went on her date and met Dante.Dante Vanderbilt. Hot, charming, sexy, rich, and arrogant. He was the sort of man that every woman wanted to tame. Every woman except Sadie. She disliked him on sight and she let him know that right away. However that only seemed to amuse him and want her even more. Even though he assumed she was a flighty, careless single mother. Even though she let him believe that was true and that she would never want him as a stepdad to her pretend kid. He seemed to find her distaste appealing which only irritated her even more. Sadie couldn't wait to leave the date and Dante behind, only he seemed to keep popping up wherever she went. Sadie wasn't sure what Dante wanted from her, but one thing she knew for sure was that she was in way over her head.

    Kaye analyzes several examples of how online content producers are targeted for varied reasons, how platforms such as YouTube and Facebook have attempted to police forms of content on their servers, and how the culture of responsibility for Internet governance has shifted in the past last years. Kaye also covers fake news and the increased efforts by platforms such as Twitter and Facebook to root out these posts via automation--specifically AI. At the same time, Kaye brilliantly layers analysis of the politicization of content on platforms and the growth of efforts, mostly in Europe, to regulate these private, mostly American companies. All the while, Kaye makes sure readers are aware of the complexities and how free speech may be embattled if some of these regulations are put into effect at scale.

    First, let me tell you a little secret about SEO marketing...Most search engine optimization advice on the Internet is wrong!If you've sifted through search engine optimization advice online, you may have noticed two things: - Most published SEO advice is either outdated or just dead-wrong.- Google's constant updates have made many popular SEO optimization strategies useless.Why is this so? Google's constantly evolving. Recent changes: 1. April, 2020 - The world is hit by the global COVID crisis, affecting businesses, employees and customers-making marketing difficult than ever. Google releases new guidelines for site owners during the crisis.2. October, 2019 - Google releases their groundbreaking new BERT machine learning algorithm, with Google now understanding searches almost like a human.3. September, 2019 - Google releases new guidelines on nofollow links, providing worldwide changes for advertisers and SEO professionals alike.SEO 2020 is now updated covering new changes to Google's algorithm, walks you through major updates and how to use them to your advantage. This book also reveals industry secrets to stay ahead of Google's algorithm, and potential Google changes coming up in 2020. With this best-selling SEO book, learn SEO from a fundamental level, achieve top rankings, and generate a wave of new customers to your site.Discover powerful link building techniques experts use to get top rankings and generate massive trafficLink building is the strongest factor for ranking high in Google. Unfortunately, most widely-used methods suck! This chapter walks you through new and powerful techniques that won't get you in hot-water with Google. Now expanded with more link building strategies and extra tips for advanced readers.You will also discover: 1. Important SEO concepts, from beginner to advanced.2. Sneaky tricks to get local businesses ranking high with local SEO.3. The inner workings of Google's algorithm and how it calculates the search results.4. How to find "money" keywords that will send customers to your site.5. Basic and advanced link building strategies for pushing your rankings up higher.6. Six insider sources to get expert SEO or Internet marketing advice worth thousands of dollars, for free.7. How to use social media and web analytics to multiply your results.8. 25+ powerful tools top Internet marketing experts use to automate search engine optimization, saving weeks of time and creating bigger results.Sidestep the 2020 Google updatesContrary to Internet marketing gossip, problems caused by Google updates are rarely irrecoverable-but you need the right knowledge. This book reveals: - Inner mechanics of Google's algorithm, and how to rank your site at the top.- Recent Google updates-Google's COVID guidelines, Google's BERT algorithm, RankBrain algorithm and more...- Potential updates coming up in 2020.- Steps to recover from Google penalties.And read the special bonus chapter on pay-per-click advertisingIn this bonus, learn to set up pay-per-click advertising campaigns with Google Ads and send customers to your site overnight, literally.One of the most comprehensive SEO optimization books ever published-updated and expanded-of all best-selling SEO books, this is the only one with everything you need.Scroll up, click buy, and get started now!

    Using real-world examples set within the context of a child who is using the Internet for the first time and watching an older sibling interact with social media, Dr. Roberts takes readers through several common scenarios around parental supervision, online bullying and anonymity. She also includes examples of people who use the Internet to make the world a better place. On the Internet addresses common safety concerns in a child-centered way and offers easy-to-understand rationales as to why it's important to maintain boundaries online just as in real life.The World Around Us series introduces children to complex cultural, social and environmental issues that they may encounter outside their homes, in an accessible way. Sidebars offer further reading for older children or care providers who have bigger questions. For younger children just starting to make these observations, the simple question-and-answer format of the main text will provide a foundation of knowledge on the subject matter.

    For the first time, even the poorest and most remote of global citizens will have access to information, communications, identity authentication, government programs, global philanthropy, online banking, telehealth, distance education, and other powerful services heretofore impossible. In The Great Connecting, Jim Cashel speaks with the major players driving the broadband revolution and travels to the most remote corners of the globe to consider the changes in our world about to take place ― certainly one of the biggest events in human history. As Cashel explains, the expansion of broadband offers many challenges but will also bring a remarkable opportunity for the planet.

    More than 1.5 million enthusiastic fanfiction writers--primarily young people in their teens and twenties--have contributed nearly seven million stories and more than 176 million reviews to a single online site, Fanfiction.net. In this book, Cecilia Aragon and Katie Davis provide an in-depth examination of fanfiction writers and fanfiction repositories, finding that these sites are not shallow agglomerations and regurgitations of pop culture but rather online spaces for sophisticated and informal learning. Through their participation in online fanfiction communities, young people find ways to support and learn from one another.Aragon and Davis term this novel system of interactive advice and instruction distributed mentoring, and describe its seven attributes, each of which is supported by an aspect of networked technologies: aggregation, accretion, acceleration, abundance, availability, asynchronicity, and affect. Employing an innovative combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses, they provide an in-depth ethnography, reporting on a nine-month study of three fanfiction sites, and offer a quantitative analysis of lexical diversity in the 61.5 billion words on the Fanfiction.net site. Going beyond fandom, Aragon and Davis consider how distributed mentoring could improve not only other online learning platforms but also formal writing instruction in schools.

    This is the heart-breaking story about a small-town boy who’d taken everything from everyone until he could take no more. Seventeen-year-old Blaze Planter is a Jr. at Kilwade, High School. His parents have recently divorced. His grades are slipping. His anger is growing with each day. Relationships with his closest friends are failing. Secrets about his life are being uncovered. No one understands what he is going through. And everyone who has betrayed him needs to be taught a lesson. So now he stands with the one friend that has never betrayed him. The one friend that does what he asks every time he squeezes the trigger. The only friend that he can depend on. Tragedies don’t just happen. The signs are simply overlooked every day until it’s too late. After the read be sure to review the author’s note where resources for additional help are listed. There are also discussion questions to generate conversation & get adults and student’s talking.

    In addition to revealing the detective work of medicine and its impact on physicians and patients, Chasing the Invisible features a colorful cast of Wall Street investment bankers, venture capitalists and the titans of a giant multinational company out to acquire the missing puzzle piece necessary to ensure the next phase of life-saving innovation.Dr. Tom Grogan navigated his way through all those worlds to fulfill his vision. He ultimately transformed his classic biomedical start-up company--born as a diagram on a piece of paper and a jerry-rigged prototype built in his garage--into a successful multi-billion-dollar worldwide enterprise, following its acquisition by a Swiss pharmaceutical giant. Today his invention of an automated cancer diagnostics device that helps personalize the detection of cancer and enables doctors to treat it more effectively is transforming medical practice throughout the world.Whether you're interested in learning about science and medicine, or about entrepreneurship and how to create an exciting and dynamic leadership culture, or even if you're just looking for a good read with wit and humor, Chasing the Invisible is worth picking up. If you've ever chased a dream bigger than yourself; if you've ever been rejected, impeded, accused, sued, held up, knocked down, flat broke, far flung, or near death with cancer, and you didn't quit, this book is for you.

    This book tells them how.It has been written by a professional search engine consultant. Richard Conway started his company, Pure SEO, in 2009 with just $200 to spend on a single web page. From there, mostly using digital marketing, he has expanded the business to four offices in New Zealand and Australia. Pure SEO has been listed by Deloitte in the fastest-growing 500 tech companies in the Asia Pacific region for the past five years.This practical guide cuts through the mis-information and sets the record straight on what actions you need to take, so searchers will find your product quickly and easily. It covers keywords, website content and structure, mobile search and optimisation, loading speed of your website and how that affects searches, planning content to make it easily searchable, tracking tools and much much more.With Australasian-focused statistics and insights, as well as advice about how these two markets differ, the book is an authoritative and accessible 'how to' resource.Case studies and Q&A sections provide real-life dos and don'ts. As well as actionable advice and 'red flags' to avoid, the book also looks ahead to consider the future of search marketing.

    It centers around the 100 works selected, restored and presented as part of the Net Art Anthology initiative, which originated as an online exhibition series in 2016 and continues with a touring gallery exhibition from January 2019. Artists featured include Morehshin Allahyari, Cory Arcangel, Shu Lea Cheang, DIS, Constant Dullaart, Cécile B. Evans, exonemo, Cao Fei, Lynn Hershman Leeson, JODI, Oliver Laric, Olia Lialina, Eva & Franco Mattes, Jayson Musson, Paper Rad, Pope.L, Jon Rafman, Rafaël Rozendaal, Wolfgang Staehle, Martine Syms, Ryan Trecartin, UBERMORGEN, Amalia Ulman, Artie Vierkant, Miao Ying and others.The book and exhibition are the work of Rhizome, the born-digital art organization founded by artist Mark Tribe in 1996. Leveraging more than two decades of experience with net art and digital culture, The Art Happens Here represents Rhizome’s most complete effort to date to contextualize the art forms it champions.Bringing to life the artistic communities, the surrounding social and political realities, and the changing technological contexts that have shaped artistic uses of the internet over a period of decades, The Art Happens Here offers a lively and passionate overview of a complex, essential field.

    More disturbing still, she quickly discovers that as long as she remains in his custody she will be calling him daddy and she will be soundly spanked for the slightest disobedience.Logan isn't the kind of daddy who sends his little girl to bed with a few pats on the behind when she's been naughty. He is the kind who leaves her well-used and sore, with her cheeks still blushing, her bottom thoroughly punished inside and out, and her throat tired from screaming her surrender into the sheets as one brutal climax after another teaches her what happens to bad girls.He'll be a harsh daddy, but that is just the kind Charlotte needs...Publisher's Note: Harsh Daddy includes spankings and rough, intense sexual scenes. If such material offends you, please don't buy this book.

    the impressive book explores territory that is both easy to understand and enlightening."---Kirkus Review "Highly important, life-changing and delightfully written...[Pistoi] is pulling the rug out from under many of our preconceptions...with continuous wit and humor. A book which indeed demands to be savored."--- Paul Levinson, author of The Silk Code and The Plot to Save Socrates Millions of people have done it: with a few clicks and some spit, and at less than the cost of a fancy dinner, you can buy a reading of your DNA online. With this in hand, you can find out where you came from, trace relatives around the world and find new friends on a genetic social network. You can learn about your predisposition to disease, get a genetically tailored diet, understand the sports to which you or your children might be more suited, and even find a date. It’s the dawn of consumer genomics, where the progress of biology meets the power of the Internet and big data. But do these applications work? Can we really prevent diseases based on what we read in our DNA? What do scientists say? And do we really understand the implications? What happens if things go wrong and the data is misused or the trust abused? Sergio Pistoi, a journalist and a DNA scientist, investigated this brave new world first-hand by interrogating his own genes, and has provided a practical, informative and thought-provoking survival guide to home genetic testing. From medicine to food, from social networking to genealogy and advertising, this book will show you how the DNA revolution is beginning to have such a profound impact on our daily lives and privacy and why it will influence the choices we make. If you are interested in how social media meets cutting-edge science, and what it means for your life, or if you are considering buying a DNA test, then this is the book for you.

    Blade Runner, The Matrix, Star Wars, Avatar, Star Trek, Ready Player One and Avengers show us futuristic worlds where holograms, intelligent robots, smart devices, virtual avatars, digital transactions, and universe-scale teleportation work together perfectly, somehow seamlessly combining the virtual and the physical with the mechanical and the biological. Science fiction has done an excellent job describing a vision of the future where the digital and physical merge naturally into one — in a way that just works everywhere, for everyone. However, none of these visionary fictional works go so far as to describe exactly how this would actually be accomplished. While it has inspired many of us to ask the question—How do we enable science fantasy to become....science fact? The Spatial Web achieves this by first describing how exponentially powerful computing technologies are creating a great “Convergence.” How Augmented and Virtual Reality will enable us to overlay our information and imaginations onto the world. How Artificial Intelligence will infuse the environments and objects around us with adaptive intelligence. How the Internet of Things and Robotics will enable our vehicles, appliances, clothing, furniture, and homes to become connected and embodied with the power to see, feel, hear, smell, touch and move things in the world, and how Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies will secure our data and enable real-time transactions between the human, machine and virtual economies of the future. The book then dives deeply into the challenges and shortcomings of the World Wide Web, the rise of fake news and surveillance capitalism in Web 2.0 and the risk of algorithmic terrorism and biological hacking and “fake-reality” in Web 3.0. It raises concerns about the threat that emerging technologies pose in the hands of rogue actors whether human, algorithmic, corporate or state-sponsored and calls for common sense governance and global cooperation. It calls for business leaders, organizations and governments to not only support interoperable standards for software code, but critically, for ethical, and social codes as well. Authors Gabriel René and Dan Mapes describe in vivid detail how a new “spatial” protocol is required in order to connect the various exponential technologies of the 21st century into an integrated network capable of tracking and managing the real-time activities of our cities, monitoring and adjusting the supply chains that feed them, optimizing our farms and natural resources, automating our manufacturing and distribution, transforming marketing and commerce, accelerating our global economies, running advanced planet-scale simulations and predictions, and even bridging the gap between our interior individual reality and our exterior collective one. Enabling the ability for humans, machines and AI to communicate, collaborate and coordinate activities in the world at a global scale and how the thoughtful application of these technologies could lead to an unprecedented opportunity to create a truly global “networked” civilization or "Smart World.” The book artfully shifts between cyberpunk futurism, cautionary tale-telling, and life-affirming call-to-arms. It challenges us to consider the importance of today’s technological choices as individuals, organizations, and as a species, as we face the historic opportunity we have to transform the web, the world, and our very definition of reality.

    He longs to join the jousting team so he can be one of the Knights, the coolest and most valiant kids at Ye Olde Elementary School. When tryouts are announced, Tim's friend Bethany the Brave offers him some advice: whatever Tim does, he must ignore the trolls.For it's not all fairies and unicorns in Holly Hills. The land is overrun with nasty, mocking creatures that love attacking the weaknesses in others with the help of their magic picture-takers, and flocks of vicious bluebirds that tweet their cruelty across the kingdom. If you try to fight them, they only multiply.But shutting out their empty taunts is easier said than done. Will Tim learn to just ignore the trolls, and ride to victory?

    Despite taking on many of journalism's traditional roles, Facebook and other platforms, such as Twitter and Google, have presented themselves as tech companies--and therefore not subject to the same regulations and ethical codes as conventional media organizations. Challenging such superficial distinctions, Philip M. Napoli offers a timely and persuasive case for understanding and governing social media as news media, with a fundamental obligation to serve the public interest.Social Media and the Public Interest explores how and why social media platforms became so central to news consumption and distribution as they met many of the challenges of finding information--and audiences--online. Napoli illustrates the implications of a system in which coders and engineers drive out journalists and editors as the gatekeepers who determine media content. He argues that a social media-driven news ecosystem represents a case of market failure in what he calls the algorithmic marketplace of ideas. To respond, we need to rethink fundamental elements of media governance based on a revitalized concept of the public interest. A compelling examination of the intersection of social media and journalism, Social Media and the Public Interest offers valuable insights for the democratic governance of today's most influential shapers of news.

    From Halloween to trained animals to apologies to upset guests, "You Must Be This Tall to Exit the Park" cleverly satirizes everything you love and hate about theme parks. Along with classic posts from Ginsburg's popular Twitter and Facebook accounts, this book includes exclusive material, such as the park's Cast Member orientation film, a foreword by Princess Rainbow, and an interview with legendary park founder Murph Gantly. A must-read for any Disneyphile, movie studio buff, or coaster lover.

    In a cultural moment in which user-generated videos of real-life violence surface with an alarming frequency, Justice on Demand addresses what is at stake in the cultural investment in true crime as packaged mainstream entertainment. Paying close attention to the gendered and racialized dimensions of true crime media, Horeck examines objects that are not commonly considered "true crime," including the subgenre of closed-circuit television (CCTV) elevator assault videos and the popularity of trailers for true crime documentaries on YouTube. By analyzing a range of intriguing case studies, Horeck explores how the audience is affectively imagined, addressed, and commodified by contemporary true crime in an "on demand" mediascape.As a fresh investigation of how contemporary variations of true crime raise significant ethical questions regarding what it means to watch, listen, and "witness" in a digital era of accessibility, immediacy, and instantaneity, Justice on Demand will be of interest to film, media, and digital studies scholars.

    In this easy and logical step-by-step process, award winning digital transformation specialist, Yoav Tchelet, has complied the ultimate 7 day business transformation guide using technology. The fast-paced business world is increasingly demanding better, cheaper and quicker processes to improve their bottom line. A process that can only be achieved with a successful digital transformation program in place. This book will help you start this journey and understand what the key pillars for digital transformation are and how to get started on the road to digital transformation success.

    I only play one in this book. To research my character, Larry Daniels, I infiltrated the seedy underworld of the scammer and allowed myself to be scammed over and over again. This book is a result of my social media experiment. It is also a romance… if one can believe a book about scammers can cut through the internet fakeness and involve true love. My hope is that this book helps people to avoid losing their hearts and their money.

    Author Perry Carpenter delivers a wealth of practical insight that transcends traditional security education by incorporating best practices from experts in communication, persuasion, innovation, behavioral science, and storytelling to give readers tools that will make a lasting impact in their organizations. In Solving the Security Awareness Puzzle Perry will cover: Marketing, Behavior Science, and Culture Management for Security Awareness Program ManagersHow to effectively use simulations, games, surveys, and new trends like escape rooms to teach security awarenessPutting the effective training together into a well-crafted campaign with ambassadorsMeasuring your success and establishing continuous improvements

    It contains more than one hundred images of Russian propaganda that were gathered from publicly available sources.Michael Bennet wrote this book to help explain how Russia prosecuted its secret misinformation campaign against America, and as a warning of things to come. DIVIDING AMERICA offers an opportunity to examine the extent of Russia’s interference in American elections, just in time for the 2020 presidential election.In 2019, as part of his campaign, Bennet offered to send one copy of the book to Republican senate majority leader Mitch McConnell for every donation he received at https://michaelbennet.com/russia/ with the text "Donate to send a copy of Michael Bennet's book to McConnell and demand he take immediate action to protect our elections."

    From social media to chat, streaming, credit cards, and even bookstores, it seems like almost everything can be described as a platform. In The Platform Economy, Marc Steinberg argues that the “platformization” of capitalism has transformed everything, and it is imperative that we have a historically precise, robust understanding of this widespread concept. Taking Japan as the key site for global platformization, Steinberg delves into that nation’s unique technological and managerial trajectory, in the process systematically examining every facet of the elusive word platform. Among the untold stories revealed here is that of the 1999 iPhone precursor, the i-mode: the world’s first widespread mobile internet platform, which became a blueprint for Apple and Google’s later dominance of the mobile market. Steinberg also charts the rise of social gaming giants GREE and Mobage, chat tools KakaoTalk, WeChat, and LINE, and video streaming site Niconico Video, as well as the development of platform theory in Japan, as part of a wider transformation of managerial theory to account for platforms as mediators of cultural life. Analyzing platforms’ immense impact on contemporary media such as video streaming, music, and gaming, The Platform Economy fills in neglected parts of the platform story. In narrating the rise and fall of Japanese platforms, and the enduring legacy of Japanese platform theory, this book sheds light on contemporary tech titans like Facebook, Google, Apple, and Netflix, and their platform-mediated transformation of contemporary life—it is essential reading for anyone wanting to understand what capitalism is today and where it is headed.

    It identifies and explains the roles that these viral texts play in Internet communication: cultural, social and political implications; significance for self-representation and identity formation; promotion of alternative opinion or trending interpretation; and subversive and resistant power in relation to professional media, propaganda, and traditional and digital political campaigning. It also offers unique comparative case studies of Internet memes in Russia and the United States.

    It argues that the male body has become a key site in contemporary culture where neoliberalism’s hegemony has been both secured and contested since 2008. It does this by looking at four different case studies: the celebrity male nude leak; the rise of young men sharing images of their muscular bodies on social media; RuPaul's Drag Race body transformational tutorial, and the rise of chemsex. It finds that on the one hand digital media has enabled men to transform their bodies into tools of value-creation in economic contexts where the historical means they have relied on to create value have diminished.On the other it has also allowed them to use their bodies to form intimate collective bonds during a moment when competitive individualism continued to be the privileged mode of being in the world. It therefore offers a unique contribution not only to the field of digital cultural studies but also to the growing cultural studies literature attempting to map the historical contradictions of the austerity moment.