They were not the best answer, but they were the first attempts at finding a practical system. Many children that would have died, lived to have children and grandchildren. It has been calculated that over two million descendants have come from these children. The trains gave the children a fighting chance to grow up." – D. Bruce Ayler By the middle of the 19th century, New York City’s population surpassed the unfathomable number of 1 million people, despite its obvious lack of space. This was mostly due to the fact that so many immigrants heading to America naturally landed in New York Harbor, well before the federal government set up an official immigration system on Ellis Island. At first, the city itself set up its own immigration registration center in Castle Garden near the site of the original Fort Amsterdam, and naturally, many of these immigrants, who were arriving with little more than the clothes on their back, didn’t travel far and thus remained in New York. Of course, the addition of so many immigrants and others with less money put strains on the quality of life. Between 1862 and 1872, the number of tenements had risen from 12,000 to 20,000; the number of tenement residents grew from 380,000 to 600,000. One notorious tenement on the East River, Gotham Court, housed 700 people on a 20-by-200-foot lot. Another on the West Side was home, incredibly, to 3,000 residents, who made use of hundreds of privies dug into a fifteen-foot-wide inner court. Squalid, dark, crowded, and dangerous, tenement living created dreadful health and social conditions. It would take the efforts of reformers such as Jacob Riis, who documented the hellishness of tenements with shocking photographs in How the Other Half Lives, to change the way such buildings were constructed. While the Melting Pot nature of America is one of its most unique and celebrated aspects, the conditions also created a humanitarian crisis of sorts. In the 19th century, child labor was still the norm, especially for poor families, and no social welfare systems were in place to provide security for people. As a result, if a child was abandoned or orphaned, they were at the mercy of an ad hoc system of barely tolerable orphanages with little to no centralization. Minorities and immigrants were also discriminated against on the basis of ethnicity and religion. Into this issue stepped the Children’s Aid Society, led by Charles Loring Brace, who determined he could improve abandoned kids’ futures by helping relocate them further to the West, which would also help Americans settle the frontier. By coordinating with train companies, Brace was able to transport dozens of children at a time to places in the heartland of America or further out west, where they would end up in new homes, decades before the existence of foster care. Genealogist Roberta Lowrey, a descendant of one of these orphans, noted that the situations for many of those on the Orphan Trains were vastly different, but in all, the system worked: “Many were used as strictly slave farm labor, but there are stories, wonderful stories of children ending up in fine families that loved them, cherished them, [and] educated them. They were so much better off than if they had been left on the streets of New York. ... They were just not going to survive, or if they had, their fate would surely have been awful.

    The keto diet has gained immense popularity due to its effectiveness and the ever-growing science backing it. Keto Diet For Dummies provides you with the information and resources you need to succeed and achieve your goals. With the Keto Diet For Dummies book you’ll learn how to: Stock a keto kitchen Prepare more than 40 tasty keto recipes Eat right while dining out Overcome any obstacles Enjoy a healthier and more rewarding lifestyle   Recipes in Keto Diet For Dummies include: Blueberry Almond Pancakes, Avocado Cloud Toast, Meatball Marinara Bake, Cashew Chicken Stir-Fry, Salmon with Avocado Lime Puree, Pan-Seared Pork Chops with Apple, Creamy Cookie Dough Mousse, Lemon Jello Cake, Key Lime Panna Cotta and much more! The keto diet (also known as ketogenic diet, low carb diet and LCHF diet) is a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that shares many similarities with the Atkins and low-carb diets. Maintaining this diet is a great tool for weight loss. More importantly though, according to an increasing number of studies, it helps reduce risk factors for diabetes, heart diseases, stroke, Alzheimer's, epilepsy, and more. On the keto diet, your body enters a metabolic state called ketosis. While in ketosis your body is using ketone bodies for energy instead of glucose. For anyone looking to lose weight, become healthier, improve and stabilize their daily energy levels, and understand and benefits of the complex nutritional sciences of the keto diet, this book has it all.

    In "Banned Mind Control Secrets", author Richard Dotts takes a modern, scientific and coherent look at the science behind the teachings of the greatest spiritual and self-help teachers. If you have always wondered about the existence of the subconscious mind, whether it exists and how you can tap into it in a modern, effective way... or if visualisations and affirmations have failed to produce results for you, then "Banned Mind Control Secrets" brings you the latest evidence from scientific research to uncover the TRUTH behind these techniques.You may be surprised at how much common ground modern cutting-edge scientific research has with the age old practices taught by the great spiritual teachers. Richard Dotts shares his own personal journey, and tells you why there is really nothing separate or different about all the different self-help manifestation techniques taught throughout the ages.This is NOT a book about how to control the minds of others, but rather, how to control your OWN mind to more effectively get and create reality in a way that pleases you.

    "Black Swan is a symbol for healing, a spirit guide for overcoming the woundedness of adandonment."Twelve lessons for healing from the loss of love, presented in an allegorical tale of a child who meets a magical black swan after she is abandoned in the forest by her father. This story within a story includes the author's own experience with loss. The book provides emotional and spiritual healing to those going through heartbreak, loss, and abandonment.

    French women know the intrinsic value of classic basics and integrate their favorite clothes and accessories based upon years of experience perfecting their unique sense of style. French women know how to create a sense of intrigue. And it’s not achieved by wearing a barrage of latest trends or designers. It’s about having the confidence to dress up a simple white button-down, incorporating their signature flair, for a far more interesting and sophisticated look. Most women tend to buy everything that catches their eye. There’s not much discernment, just buying power. And these women have the overstuffed closets to show for it. I must warn you – This book is not just another simplistic buying guide to achieve a French chic look. Nor will I insult you with cliché advice on incorporating scarves into your daily wardrobe. I would like to offer you a different perspective. This book includes advice and insights about making empowering choices when it comes to what is hanging in your closet. The choice to simplify, buy less, and keep only fabulous items. The choice to honor your body first and foremost. And the choice to invest in your wardrobe.

    This is because crocheting afghans is presented by most crochet books as a very difficult and arduous process that can only be accomplished after mastering many different kinds of crochet stitches. This simply isn’t true. Whether you are just learning how to crochet, have mastered crochet for beginners, or know every stitch in the book, Crochet Afghans can help you improve your technique and learn how to crochet an afghan in less than one day. What does Crochet Afghans have that other books lack? It’s an easy to follow, step by step guide, complete with color pictures and diagrams. It walks you through the most basic techniques and ensures that even the most difficult and complicated of stitches are thoroughly explained. This is why this book is perfect for anyone who wants to learn how to crochet afghans, whether they have no crocheting experience, or having been crocheting for decades. By the time you are done reading this book, you will have ALL of the skills and information you need to make intricate, beautiful afghans. The book starts with the very basics of crochet, to get beginners started and to act as a quick refresher for even the most experienced individuals. It then moves on to more complex stitches, breaking them down into easy to understand steps, so even if today is the first day you have a hook in your hands, you can easily get the hang of even complicated stitches. This process would have once taken years, sitting with someone experienced in crocheting. Now, all you have to do is read Crochet Afghans and you will be able to follow even complex crochet patterns. To speed up the process, the book also includes a full list of pattern abbreviations, to explain the crochet terminology that patterns and other crocheters use. There is also an FAQ added to answer any question you might have about crocheting afghans or different crochet stitches. What does this book provide? Here are only a few of Crochet Afghans’ benefits: • Full-color illustrations and diagrams • Teaches how to choose yarn and how much to buy • Beginning and advanced crochet techniques • Teaches how to start your afghan • 22 gorgeous Afghan patterns from beginner to advanced level • Teaches how to find more patterns • Best yarn color combinations • How to divide a crocheted afghan • Most common crocheting mistakes and how to avoid them • How to start and finish any kind of afghan.. Would You Like To Know More? Download Now and start Crocheting Your First Afghan today! Scroll to the top of the page and select the buy button. Check Out What Others Are Saying... "This is a wonderful book for those wanting to crochet afghans but don't know where to begin. It shows in detail all the stitches needed to get started and has plenty of wonderful images throughout. Many crochet stitches often used in afghans are given step by step. They include the ripple stitch, shell stitch and more. The book is well written, is broken down into chapters and it has a working table of contents.

    A veterinarian, a trainer, and a breeder team up to cover all the questions new owners tend to have, and many they don't think to ask, including:- What to ask the breeder before bringing your puppy home- Which vaccinations your puppy needs and when to get them- How to make potty training as smooth (and quick) as possible- What to do when your puppy cries at night- Why and how to crate train your puppy- When socialization should happen and how to make sure it does- When your puppy is ready to learn basic commands--like Sit, Stay, and Come--and the best way to teach them- When and how to go about leash training- How much exercise your puppy needs to stay physically and mentally healthy- What, how much, and when to feed your puppy to give him the nutrition he needs without the extra weight he doesn't- When your puppy is ready for obedience training and how to make sure it works- How and how often to bathe your puppy, brush his coat, clip his nails, and brush his teeth- How to know when a trip to the vet is needed- What causes problem behaviors, when to expect them, and how to correct them

     Does the thought of flying fill you with dread? Do panic attacks leave you feeling scared and vulnerable? If so, this book could change your life. Written by top flying experts from British Airways' 'Flying with Confidence' course, this reassuring guide explains everything you need to know about air travel alongside techniques for feeling confident and in control from take off to landing. In easy-to-follow sections, you'll learn how to recognise cabin noises, manage turbulence and fly in bad weather conditions. As your knowledge grows, so will your confidence, with the fear of the unknown removed.

    This book shows you how to claim your share. Over 200 pages of valuable metal detecting information designed to get you out there finding treasure on your very first outing.Finding treasure with a metal detector is real and doing it is simple and easy once you read this book. There are people finding incredible old coins made from gold and silver, valuable historical relics and old jewelry made from gold, silver and platinum. But you won't find these great treasures unless you know where and how to look. Metal Detecting: A Beginner's Guide shows you this and much more.Veteran detectorist and treasure enthusiast Mark Smith continues to provide great information to anyone interested in the great hobby of metal detecting. In his second book on the subject, he manages to answer the common questions that every novice has when they are thinking about getting started. From choosing the right machine to identifying your valuable treasure, Mark Smith covers these subjects and everything in between in an easy to understand way.While this metal detecting book may be geared towards the novice treasure hunter, there are plenty of choice tips that even experienced treasure hunters can pick up. Mark Smith reveals some of his best guarded metal detecting secrets in this metal detecting guide that puts more treasure in your find's pouch.Fully illustrated diagrams and real life pictures describe in detail the easiest ways to not only locate treasure, but safely recover it as well.Learn how to find more treasure by: understanding common metal detecting terminology, understanding which metal detectors work the best and where, understanding how and why a metal detector works, other equipment you will need, proper etiquette, what you can expect to find, why you should never throw anything away, how to identify your finds, how to identify jewelry, how to tell if it is real gold, how to metal detect with children, which recovery tools work the best, how to recover treasure, how to metal detect private property, how to identify unknown metal detecting finds, metal detecting creeks, rivers and lakes, pinpointing, making weak targets stronger, cleaning your finds, the best places to use your metal detector, selling your finds and more!What are you waiting for? Find out how you can maximize your treasure with this informative metal detecting book today.

    It feels as though I’m holding her hand as she dangles above certain death and the only thing that will keep her from falling is my ability to hang on. If I’m too weak and I let go, she’s gone. And she’s not able to do her part to help me. She’s looking at my struggling face and smiling, but the whole time I’m screaming at her to hold on, to climb up, to try to reach the branch above her. And she won’t, because she doesn’t know how. It’s up to me to save her."Autism By Hand is the laundry list I wrote for the first eight years of Carrie's life, from diagnosis to preschool to public school. It's about the brutal truth and the absolute love I use to help her navigate our world. It contains no research or theories but it's full of the tools I used to help Carrie live in my universe.

    The stylish design of this book, along with the interior photographs, illustrations and diagrams, make the learning process simple and fun for beginning painters and provides useful tips for more advanced artists.This book is divided into three sections. In the first section, you will find practical advice on choosing the necessary tools and equiopment as well as hints on mixing colors€”one of the trickier skills to master until you have learned some of the basic properties of color. Next, the techniques used in watercolor painting are explained in detail, from the most basic like laying washes and reserving highlights to some of the more unusual and exciting methods like wax-resist or spattering paint. Tutorials and more than 100 step-by-step sequences demonstrate how to paint a wide range of subjects, including landscapes, buildings, people and still life. Over 180,000 copies sold worldwide.

    Simple steps to getting clarity around money and how to start having MORE! What if money was just a vehicle to change the world? What if you were willing to receive unlimited amounts of money?

    A fun read, salt and peppered, with the science behind distilling. This authoritative guide book introduces whiskey-making in a easy step-by-step process.

     Frequently the two groups resorted to violence assert their rights to the lands. J. W. Wilbarger’s remarkable book Indian Depredations in Texas contains more than 250 separate narratives of attacks and counterattacks that occurred from the 1820s to the 1870s. Wilbarger, a pioneer who had emigrated to Texas in 1837, was fully aware of the dangers that he faced by living on the frontier of the American West as his own brother had miraculously survived being scalped and left for dead in 1833. Over the course of the next fifty years Wilbarger compiled accounts of Native American attacks that formed the basis of his book. Yet, rather than simply relying on hearsay and rumors of attacks, he sought out the victims and as he states in his Preface, many of the articles had been “written by others, who were either cognizant of the facts themselves or had obtained them from reliable sources." This book is fascinating work that remains an importance source covering the early settlement of the region by Americans, based on stories told by surviving pioneers. "unique among pioneer chronicles." — J. Frank Dobie J. B. Wilbarger was a Methodist minister, author and pioneer. He first moved West to Texas in 1837 at the urging of his brother Josiah Pugh Wilbarger. His book Indian Depredations in Texas was first published in 1889 and he passed away in 1892.

     You’ll learn over 60 creative, useful, and FRUGAL ways to use baking soda – and I guarantee that at least 50 will be new to you! You’ll learn how to make this environmentally friendly, non-toxic, 100% safe product work for you in ways you never thought possible – and reap the benefits of a healthier and chemical-free lifestyle! We’ll hop from the kitchen, bathroom, stovetop, oven, laundry, outdoors, carpet, furniture, car, and even your children and pets to uncover some great and unique uses for baking soda! Here’s a sample of what you’ll learn in Baking Soda Power! • The origin of baking soda and exactly why it is so effective • How to treat bug bites and burns • How to freshen up your shoes and laundry • How to degrease your kitchen with baking soda • How to cook and bake with baking soda • How to use baking soda as a deodorant and shampoo • How to put out fires with baking soda • How to unclog drains safely • How to tenderize meat and make homemade Gatorade with baking soda • PRECISE recipes for each use! And so many more ways to apply baking soda to your everyday needs! With Baking Soda Power! you will learn how baking soda can save you loads of money each year by replacing toxic, dangerous cleaning agents that are in your house right now. Cooking will be more convenient, your home will be much cleaner and fresher smelling, and your own hygiene will be bettered in a completely safe and non-chemical way. You will never do laundry the same! You’ll see how versatile baking soda is and the countless ways it can benefit your life. Don’t hesitate on saving money while staying safe – scroll up and click the orange BUY NOW button immediately P.S. The price is always right for baking soda! Prior to finding her calling as a mother, Patty obtained a B.S. in chemistry from one of the top universities in the United States. She has a rare combination of practical application and theoretical knowledge of baking soda - she quite literally knows the ins and outs of baking soda unlike anyone else!