Escalating violence between left- and right-wing political factions boils over. Military officers stage a coup against a democratically elected, Soviet-backed, government. The country is thrown into chaos as centuries-old tensions return to the forefront. Hundreds of thousands of Spaniards choose sides and engage in the most devastating combat since the First World War. For loyalists to the Republic, the fight is seen as one for equality and their idea of progress. For the rebels, the struggle is a preemptive strike by tradition against an attempted communist takeover.Thousands of foreigners, too, join the struggle. Most fight with the Soviet-sponsored International Brigades or other militias aligned with the loyalist “Republicans”. Only a few side with the rebel “Nationalists”. One of these rare volunteers for the Nationalists was Peter Kemp, a young British law student. Kemp, despite having little training or command of the Spanish language, was moved by the Nationalist struggle against international Communism. Using forged documents, he sneaked into Spain and joined a traditionalist militia, the Requetés, with which he saw intense fighting. Later, he volunteered to join the legendary and ruthless Spanish Foreign Legion, where he distinguished himself with heroism. Because of this bravery, he was one of the few foreign volunteers granted an private audience with Generalissimo Francisco Franco.Kemp published his story in 1957, one of the only English accounts of the war from the Nationalist perspective, after a prestigious military career with the British Special Operations Executive during the Second World War.

    In '57 the publication of Pagan Spain, marked a profound change in his literary & intellectual life, reflecting a style more suitable for polemic than travel writing. Indeed, as Pagan Spain portrays midcentury Spain as a country of tragic beauty, political oppression, & contradictions, he amalgamates at once polemic, travel narrative, history & journalistic essay. He combines, as well, 1st-person narrative, eyewitness reporting, commentary, anecdotes, vignettes & dramatic monologue. At the time this book was originally published, the Spanish, despite a Catholic heritage, were shown as embracing a primitive, primeval faith. Expanding his comments on this paradox, he fashions a candid portrait of a country scarred by civil war & with an excoriating condemnation of Francisco Franco's dictatorship. In this opinionated travelog he sees himself as a humanist & reporter, a nonpartisan freedom fighter who's ceaselessly probing, tracing, analyzing & denouncing the signs of evil he associates with white patriarchy & Western imperialism. Pagan Spain, less a journalistic account of a people & an exotic locale than it's a sociological critique of a corrupt system of government, is his only nonfiction book on the subject of a European country. It reveals the striking contradictions within himself as well as within Spain. As a black man in the 50s he castigates the West for its colonialism & imperialism, while as an intellectual he embraces the secular humanism of Western Civilization. His conflicted feelings about the West are perfectly suited to his analysis of Spain, a country allied with the West but also removed from it. The book is a daring portrait of a country in turmoil. The introduction by Faith Berry puts Pagan Spain in context with the trajectory of his philosophical thought. She notes how his dissatisfaction with the Franco government was, in part, the result of his disillusionment with the Communist Party, of which he had been a member. Richard Wright wrote Native Son, Uncle Tom's Children, Black Boy, The Color Curtain etc. Faith Berry has written Langston Hughes: Before & Beyond Harlem & is the editor of A Scholar's Conscience: Selected Writings of J. Saunders Redding, 1942-77 & of From Bondage to Liberation: Writings by & about Afro-Americans from 1700 to the Present.