Best of
Programming

2001

Effective Java


Joshua Bloch - 2001
    The principal enhancement in Java 8 was the addition of functional programming constructs to Java's object-oriented roots. Java 7, 8, and 9 also introduced language features, such as the try-with-resources statement, the diamond operator for generic types, default and static methods in interfaces, the @SafeVarargs annotation, and modules. New library features include pervasive use of functional interfaces and streams, the java.time package for manipulating dates and times, and numerous minor enhancements such as convenience factory methods for collections. In this new edition of Effective Java, Bloch updates the work to take advantage of these new language and library features, and provides specific best practices for their use. Java's increased support for multiple paradigms increases the need for best-practices advice, and this book delivers. As in previous editions, each chapter consists of several "items," each presented in the form of a short, standalone essay that provides specific advice, insight into Java platform subtleties, and updated code examples. The comprehensive descriptions and explanations for each item illuminate what to do, what not to do, and why. Coverage includes:Updated techniques and best practices on classic topics, including objects, classes, methods, libraries, and generics How to avoid the traps and pitfalls of commonly misunderstood subtleties of the platform Focus on the language and its most fundamental libraries, such as java.lang and java.util

Modern C++ Design: Generic Programming and Design Patterns Applied


Andrei Alexandrescu - 2001
    Displaying extraordinary creativity and programming virtuosity, Alexandrescu offers a cutting-edge approach to design that unites design patterns, generic programming, and C++, enabling programmers to achieve expressive, flexible, and highly reusable code. This book introduces the concept of generic components--reusable design templates that produce boilerplate code for compiler consumption--all within C++. Generic components enable an easier and more seamless transition from design to application code, generate code that better expresses the original design intention, and support the reuse of design structures with minimal recoding. The author describes the specific C++ techniques and features that are used in building generic components and goes on to implement industrial strength generic components for real-world applications. Recurring issues that C++ developers face in their day-to-day activity are discussed in depth and implemented in a generic way. These include: Policy-based design for flexibility Partial template specialization Typelists--powerful type manipulation structures Patterns such as Visitor, Singleton, Command, and Factories Multi-method engines For each generic component, the book presents the fundamental problems and design options, and finally implements a generic solution.

More Exceptional C++: 40 New Engineering Puzzles, Programming Problems, and Solutions


Herb Sutter - 2001
    It emphasizes generic programming and using the C++ Standard Library.

TCP/IP Illustrated Volumes 1-3 Boxed Set


W. Richard Stevens - 2001
    Richard Stevens' classic TCP/IP guides -- all brought together for the first time-- Master TCP/IP through clear explanations and actual data captured from live networks.-- Added bonus Includes new data structures poster, exclusive with this boxed set.Now, for the first time, all three volumes of W. Richard Stevens' classic TCP/IP Illustrated books have been brought together, at one special price. These books have become legends for their clear explanations, well-designed figures, and real-world demonstrations of TCP/IP in action, using actual data collected from real diagnostic programs. This new package also includes an exclusive data structures poster -- and the handsome slipcase makes it an ideal gift for networking professionals, students, and graduates. Volume 1 presents an in-depth introduction to the TCP/IP protocol suite, including the link layer, IP, ARP, RARP, ICMP, Ping, Traceroute, IP routing, dynamic routing protocols such as RIP and OSPF, UDP, broadcasting, multicasting, DNS, BOOTP, SNMP, FTP, NFS, and more. Volume 2 focuses on the implementation of TCP/IP protocols, teaching by example through 500 illustrations and 15,000 lines of real, working code. Volume 3 focuses on four crucial TCP/IP programming topics: T/TCP (TCP for Transactions); HTTP; NNTP; and the UNIX domain protocols.

Advanced Linux Programming


Mark Mitchell - 2001
    Anyone who works with Linux regularly or who is looking to start working with Linux, knows who this company is and they rely on them for solutions. Mark and Alex bring to their readers the know-how they've gained over the years. The book is divided into two parts. The first covers generic UNIX system services, but with a particular eye towards Linux specific information. This portion of the book will be of use even to advanced programmers who have worked with other Linux systems since it will cover Linux specific details and differences. For programmers without UNIX experience, it will be even more valuable. The second section covers material that is entirely Linux specific. These are truly advanced topics, and are the techniques that the gurus use to build great applications. This book is written for Linux programmers who are reasonably skilled in the C programming language and who are in need of a book that covers the Linux C library (glibc). The Web site includes all the code developed in the book and is a source of communication for readers of the book to speak directly to the authors.

C++ In-Depth Box Set


Bjarne Stroustrup - 2001
    The books are: Modern C++ Design; Accelerated C++; Essential C++; Exceptional C++; and More Exceptional C++.

Algorithms in C++ Part 5: Graph Algorithms


Robert Sedgewick - 2001
    Providing exercises to help students learn the properties of algorithms, this text places a greater emphasis on abstract data types, modular programming, object-oriented programming and C++ classes.

Discrete Mathematics for Computing


Rod Haggarty - 2001
    The author presents numerous worked examples and practice exercises with full solutions so readers see how to work with the mathematical concepts covered, thereby developing their own competence. Reliance on previous mathematical experience is kept to a minimum, though some basic algebraic manipulation is required. The content constitutes an accepted core of mathematics for computer scientists (for example, the formal methods used in computer science draw heavily on the discrete mathematical concepts covered here, particularly logic, sets, relations and functions). The topics are presented in a well defined, logical order that build upon each other and are constantly reinforced by worked examples. Emphasis is placed on clear and careful explanations of basic ideas and on building confidence in developing mathematical competence through carefully selected exercises. This book is designed for computer scientists with modest familiarity of mathematics who are looking to understand the more mathematical side of computing and programming concepts.

Optimizing Compilers for Modern Architectures: A Dependence-Based Approach


Randy Allen - 2001
    Yet their very complexity makes it increasingly difficult to produce efficient code and to realize their full potential. This landmark text from two leaders in the field focuses on the pivotal role that compilers can play in addressing this critical issue.The basis for all the methods presented in this book is data dependence, a fundamental compiler analysis tool for optimizing programs on high-performance microprocessors and parallel architectures. It enables compiler designers to write compilers that automatically transform simple, sequential programs into forms that can exploit special features of these modern architectures.The text provides a broad introduction to data dependence, to the many transformation strategies it supports, and to its applications to important optimization problems such as parallelization, compiler memory hierarchy management, and instruction scheduling. The authors demonstrate the importance and wide applicability of dependence-based compiler optimizations and give the compiler writer the basics needed to understand and implement them. They also offer cookbook explanations for transforming applications by hand to computational scientists and engineers who are driven to obtain the best possible performance of their complex applications. The approaches presented are based on research conducted over the past two decades, emphasizing the strategies implemented in research prototypes at Rice University and in several associated commercial systems. Randy Allen and Ken Kennedy have provided an indispensable resource for researchers, practicing professionals, and graduate students engaged in designing and optimizing compilers for modern computer architectures.

Oracle PL/SQL Best Practices


Steven Feuerstein - 2001
    Covering the latest Oracle release, Oracle Database 11gR2, Feuerstein has rewritten this new edition in the style of his bestselling Oracle PL/SQL Programming. The text is organized in a problem/solution format, and chronicles the programming exploits of developers at a mythical company called My Flimsy Excuse, Inc., as they write code, make mistakes, and learn from those mistakes-and each other. This book offers practical answers to some of the hardest questions faced by PL/SQL developers, including:What is the best way to write the SQL logic in my application code?How should I write my packages so they can be leveraged by my entire team of developers?How can I make sure that all my team's programs handle and record errors consistently?Oracle PL/SQL Best Practices summarizes PL/SQL best practices in nine major categories: overall PL/SQL application development; programming standards; program testing, tracing, and debugging; variables and data structures; control logic; error handling; the use of SQL in PL/SQL; building procedures, functions, packages, and triggers; and overall program performance. This book is a concise and entertaining guide that PL/SQL developers will turn to again and again as they seek out ways to write higher quality code and more successful applications. "This book presents ideas that make the difference between a successful project and one that never gets off the ground. It goes beyond just listing a set of rules, and provides realistic scenarios that help the reader understand where the rules come from. This book should be required reading for any team of Oracle database professionals." --Dwayne King, President, KRIDAN Consulting

PHP Black Book [With CDROM]


Peter Moulding - 2001
    Embedded in HTML documents, PHP scripts create active server pages. This cross-platform book covers the language syntax, standard library, and integration with various databases including open source databases such as PostreSQL and MySQL. Explores issues such as internationalization, XML integration, and LDAP.

Scheduling: Theory, Algorithms, and Systems


Michael Pinedo - 2001
    Applications are primarily drawn from production and manufacturing environments, but state principles relevant to other settings as well. Includes numerous worked out examples, Deterministic Models, Stochastic Models, Applications, and more. For anyone interested in scheduling, project management, production planning, and inventory control.

Linux System Administration: A User's Guide


Marcel Gagné - 2001
    This guide discusses: how to install a Linux system; Linux distribution differences and considerations; how to monitor, add, delete and disable users; how to monitor and tune the system; understanding how printing and printers work; and undersanding principles of Linux security.

Step By Step Programming With Base Sas Software


Jennifer L. Wilson - 2001
    By following examples, you will master basic programming techniques; learn methods for combining SAS data sets; produce basic detailed and summary reports; and enhance your reports with the Output Delivery System, including transforming your SAS output into HTML or RTF formats and PDF files. This book is designed for new users who have an introductory-level knowledge of SAS software and for intermediate users who want help with specific tasks or to learn new ones. Written in a succinct and conversational tone, this book has something for every SAS programmer.

Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation


Laura L. Pullum - 2001
    It offers you a thorough understanding of the operation of critical software fault tolerance techniques and guides you through their design, operation and performance. You get an in-depth discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of specific techniques, so you can decide which ones are best suited for your work. The book examines key programming techniques such as assertions, checkpointing, and atomic actions, and provides design tips and models to assist in the development of critical fault tolerant software that helps ensure dependable performance.

Learning Web Design: A Beginner's Guide to Html, Css, Javascript, and Web Graphics


Jennifer Niederst Robbins - 2001
    You’ll begin at square one, learning how the Web and web pages work, and then steadily build from there. By the end of the book, you’ll have the skills to create a simple site with multi-column pages that adapt for mobile devices.Learn how to use the latest techniques, best practices, and current web standards—including HTML5 and CSS3. Each chapter provides exercises to help you to learn various techniques, and short quizzes to make sure you understand key concepts.This thoroughly revised edition is ideal for students and professionals of all backgrounds and skill levels, whether you’re a beginner or brushing up on existing skills.Build HTML pages with text, links, images, tables, and formsUse style sheets (CSS) for colors, backgrounds, formatting text, page layout, and even simple animation effectsLearn about the new HTML5 elements, APIs, and CSS3 properties that are changing what you can do with web pagesMake your pages display well on mobile devices by creating a responsive web designLearn how JavaScript works—and why the language is so important in web designCreate and optimize web graphics so they’ll download as quickly as possible

Operating Systems With Linux


John O'Gorman - 2001
    It takes a new approach to operating systems, integrating three fundamental elements into one convenient and comprehensive text:- It presents the basic theory of operating system design and implementation in depth- It uses Linux as a running example throughout the text to expose students to the internals of operating systems- It gives a practical introduction to systems programming using the POSIX interfaceCurrently, such material has usually to be drawn from a variety of textbooks so Operating Systems provides a valuable resource for student and lecturer alike. The book aims to give the student a thorough knowledge of how operating systems work, and how they are implemented in practice. It develops a robust understanding of the concepts and building blocks which, although grounded in Linux, provide experience which will be transferable to other systems that the student will meet. Each chapter has a set of discussion questions and suggested reading to further stimulate thought. Whilst primarily written for the academic student, the material will also be of interest to users of Linux in the professional field who wish to increase their knowledge.John O'Gorman is a Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science and Information Systems at the University of Limerick. He has previously published a textbook on operating systems within the Palgrave Grassroots series.The Cornerstones of Computing series is dedicated to providing readers with rigorous and challenging texts that cover the breadth of computing science. The books published in this auspicious series are written by leading experts, reviewed by their peers, and offer a quality of text unsurpassed in today's market.Series Editors- Professor Richard Bird is Director of the Computing Laboratory and head of the Programming Research Group at Oxford University. He is also the author of several successful books, including the best-selling Introduction to Functional Programming ( Prentice Hall )- Professor Tony Hoare was formerly at Oxford and is now working at the Microsoft European Research HQ in Cambridge. He is the author of several textbooks, including Communicating Sequential Processes ( Prentice Hall )

ASP.NET by Example


Steven A. Smith - 2001
    ASP.NET By Example includes the following topics: creating custom ASP.NET controls; coverage of the new ADO+ object and how to use it in ASP.NET; using ASP.NET's intrinsic, list, and validation controls; case studies of the use of ASP.NET in e-commerce; deploying and managing ASP.NET applications; and migrating from ASP to ASP.NET.

Java 2 Black Book


Steven Holzner - 2001
    Provides programming tips on a variety of topics including variables, arrays, and operators; conditionals and loops; object-oriented programming; inheritance and inner classes; and packages and interfaces. Also includes Swing user interface coverage updated to reflect new classes and enhancements as well as labels, buttons, choosers, lists, combo boxes, progress bars, sliders, pluggable look and feel, and more.

Perl to Python Migration


Martin C. Brown - 2001
    It provides an overview of the Perl techniques required before giving the corresponding information about Python.

Delphi 6 Developer's Guide (Sams Developer's Guides)


Xavier Pacheco - 2001
    Steve and Xavier are of the winners of the Delphi Informant Reader's Choice Award for both Delphi 4 Developer's Guide and Delphi 5 Developer's Guide. Borland(r) Delphi 6 Developer's Guide is completely updated for Delphi 6 and includes in-depth coverage on Borland's new CLX architecture, DBExpress Applications, SOAP, CORBA, WebSnap and BizSnap features. It continues as a complete reference and authoritative guide to the newest version of Delphi.

J2ee Technology in Practice: Building Business Applications with the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (Enterprise)


Rick Cattell - 2001
    Discover what works -- and what doesn't -- as you join trailblazers from the industry's leading Java development organizations, from Oracle to IBM. Rick Cattell and Jim Inscore -- two of Sun's Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) heavyweights -- cover every key aspect of J2EE development, throughout the entire project lifecycle, from requirements and architecture through coding, deployment, maintenance, and updates. You'll find the viewpoints and experiences of J2EE experts from Allaire, ATG, Bluestone, Forte, Gemstone, Inprise, iPlanet, Merant, SEcant, Silverstream, SMC/Java Center, Sybase, and other leaders. The book contains solutions-focused coverage of every J2EE and related technology, including JSP, servlets, EJB, JDBC, JNDI, security, RMI, Internet support, and XML. It introduces best practices for maximizing scalability, developer productivity, interoperability with existing information systems, even avoiding vendor lock-in. For every IT decision-maker and J2EE developer concerned with the realities of J2EE development.

Python: Visual QuickStart Guide


Chris Fehily - 2001
    With its clear syntax and high quality functions, the language is used in many popular Internet services such as Yahoo and thousands of non-Internet applications as well. Python for the World Wide Web: Visual QuickStart Guide helps readers master the language with simple steps, screen shots, and clear explanations. Beginning with a thorough overview of the language, the book then covers modules, packages, input and output, errors, classes, and regular expression. With the foundation laid, the book brings the Python language to real-world usage in Web development and is suitable for beginning to intermediate users who want to join the Python revolution.

Wireless LANs


Jim Geier - 2001
    Independent assessment of competing wireless LAN technologies. More efficient design and operational support of wireless LANs because of an understanding of wireless LAN protocol operations and frame structures. Definition of typical requirements and technology assessment parameters, providing a basis for evaluating wireless LANs. Vision of the future of wireless LANs. Real-world experiences through case studies and implementation tips located throughout the book. Quick overview of the features, pros, and cons of each of the wireless LAN standards located at the beginning of each chapter.

Schaum's Outline of Visual Basic


Byron S. Gottfried - 2001
    More than 40 million students have trusted Schaum's to help them succeed in the classroom and on exams. Schaum's is the key to faster learning and higher grades in every subject. Each Outline presents all the essential course information in an easy-to-follow, topic-by-topic format. You also get hundreds of examples, solved problems, and practice exercises to test your skills.This Schaum's Outline gives youPractice problems with full explanations that reinforce knowledgeCoverage of the most up-to-date developments in your course fieldIn-depth review of practices and applicationsFully compatible with your classroom text, Schaum's highlights all the important facts you need to know. Use Schaum's to shorten your study time-and get your best test scores!Schaum's Outlines-Problem Solved.

Bluetooth Application Developer's Guide


David Kammer - 2001
    Most Bluetooth products to hit the market in 2001 will be PC cards for laptop computers and access points, which allow up to seven Bluetooth devices to connect to a network. Reports indicate that by the end of 2003 there will be over 2 billion Bluetooth-enabled devices.Bluetooth-enabled devices communicate with each other through embedded software applications. Bluetooth Developer's Guide to Embedded Applications will provide embedded applications developers with advanced tutorials and code listings written to the latest Bluetooth's latest specification, version 1.1. Written by Bluetooth pioneers from market leaders in Bluetooth software development, Extended Systems and Cambridge Silicon Radio, this is the first advanced level Bluetooth developer title on the market. White Hot Topic!.While other books introduce readers to the possibilities of Bluetooth, this is the first comprehensive, advanced level programming book written specifically for embedded application developersAuthors are responsible for SDK, the market-leading development tool for BluetoothComes with Syngress' revolutionary Credit Card CD containing a printable HTML version of the book, all of the source code and sample applications from Extended Systems and Cambridge Silicon Radio

Oracle and Open Source


Andy Duncan - 2001
    As this book reveals, these two worlds are not as far apart as they may seem. Today, there are many excellent and freely available software tools that Oracle developers and database administrators can use, at no cost, to improve their own coding productivity and their system's performance. Moreover, many of the finest Oracle developers are now making their source code freely available so their peers can build upon this code base. Oracle Corporation is even porting its RDBMS to Linux and starting to incorporate a growing number of open source tools in the company's own software.Oracle & Open Source describes close to 100 open source tools you can use for Oracle development and database administration, from large and widely known open source systems (like Linux, Perl, Apache, TCL/Tk and Python) to more Oracle-specific tools (like Orasoft, Orac, OracleTool, and OraSnap). You'll learn how to obtain the software and how to adapt it to best advantage. The book abounds with code examples, download and installation instructions, and helpful usage hints. Not only does it tell you how to find and use existing open source code; Oracle & Open Source gives you the details and the motivation to build your own open source contributions and release them to the Oracle community. You'll learn all about tools like the Oracle Call Interface (OCI) and Perl-DBI (Database Interface), which provide the glue allowing new open source tools to link into commercial Oracle software. With Oracle & Open Source as a guide, you'll discover an enormous number of highly effective open source tools, while getting involved with the thriving community of open source development.

HTML: Illustrated Complete


Elizabeth Eisner Reding - 2001
    Appendices are a terrific reference for locating and using HTML resources. Designed for a full-semester course on HTML.

Inside ASP.Net


Scott Worley - 2001
    Covering topics such as ADO.NET, Web Services, cache control, globalization, and Mobile Device Development, Inside ASP.NET offers the most comprehensive overview of ASP.NET available.Written for the experienced user, this book is the only one you will need to transition your skill set from ASP to ASP.NET.Author Scott Worley supplies you with many source code examples individually relating to every concept introduced within this book. In addition, Worley also provides a full ASP.NET-based online task management application used as the final case-study project in this book.

WAP, Bluetooth, and 3g Programming: Cracking the Code [With CDROM]


Dreamtech Software Team - 2001
    You'll build a completely functional web application and make it available to a wide range of devices. Cracking the Code includes coverage of client access from i-mode enabled devices, voice-enabled devices, WAP and HDML devices, and various cross-platform GUIs. The technologies covered include XML, XSLT, cHTML, HDML, XUL (XML-based user interfaces, ) and Voice XML

Handbook of Automated Reasoning, Volume 1


John Alan Robinson - 2001
    It is used in many areas of the field, including software andhardware verification, logic and functional programming, formal methods, knowledgerepresentation, deductive databases, and artificial intelligence. This handbookpresents an overview of the fundamental ideas, techniques, and methods in automatedreasoning and its applications. The material covers both theory and implementation.In addition to traditional topics, the book covers material that bridges the gapbetween automated reasoning and related areas. Examples include model checking, nonmonotonic reasoning, numerical constraints, description logics, andimplementation of declarative programming languages.The book consists of eightparts. After an overview of the early history of automated deduction, the areascovered are reasoning methods in first-order logic; equality and other built-intheories; methods of automated reasoning using induction; higher-order logic, whichis used in a number of automatic and interactive proof-development systems;automated reasoning in nonclassical logics; decidable classes and model building;and implementation-related questions.

Writing CGI Applications with Perl


Kevin Meltzer - 2001
    Writing CGI Applications with Perl shows you how to use Perl to accomplish the most vital tasks needed for todays online applications. Using numerous examples, line-by-line code explanations, and skill-stretching exercises, this book not only provides useful cut-and-paste code for your own programs, but it also teaches you practical skills and techniques that will enable you to develop any kind of CGI-based Web application with Perl. Focusing on the most important areas of Web application development, including database interaction, form and file handling, security, e-mail, and graphics, the book provides in-depth coverage of such specific topics as: *Working with HTML Web forms and obtaining user input *Cookies, tracking clicks, and access counters *Using the mod_perl Apache module *Connecting to a POP3 server for e-mail *Perl DBI and databases on the Web *Tying a hash to a database *Embedding Perl in HTML with HTML:: Mason *Remote file management via the Web *Creating dynamic images *XML and its derivativ

Professional Perl Programming


Peter Wainwright - 2001
    It has over a million users due to its text manipulation feature and rapid development cycle. Perl has evolved from a simple scripting language, to become suitable for a who le range of software development projects across Microsoft, UNIX and Linux platforms.This book takes the proven Wrox Professional approach and applies it to the Perl language. It comprises of a complete discussion of Perl, amalgamated with techniques for the structured design and coding of its applications. Models are employed to provide practical examples of the topics covered.

Crafts from Your Favorite Children's Stories


Kathy Ross - 2001
    Each craft includes a materials list of household items, and fully illustrated step-by-step instructions.

Professional XML Schemas


Jon Duckett - 2001
    Some of the most powerful reasons for using XML Schemas are their ability to: validate much more powerfully with extended constraint mechanisms; the ability to create your own datatypes; dynamically bind instance documents to schemas at run time; be used with existing XML tools as they are written in XML syntax; support namespaces; and merge schemas into one.

Macromedia Flash 5 ActionScript Fun and Games


Gary Rosenzweig - 2001
    Learn Flash and ActionScript the fun way!

Java Programming with Oracle JDBC


Donald Bales - 2001
    Oracle is arguably the most widely used relational database platform in the world. In this book, Donald Bales brings these two technologies together, and shows you how to leverage the full power of Oracle's implementation of JDBC.You begin by learning the all-important mysteries of establishing database connections. This can be one of the most frustrating areas for programmers new to JDBC, and Donald covers it well with detailed information and examples showing how to make database connections from applications, applets, Servlets, and even from Java programs running within the database itself.Next comes thorough coverage of JDBC's relational SQL features. You'll learn how to issue SQL statements and get results back from the database, how to read and write data from large, streaming data types such as BLOBs, CLOBs, and BFILEs, and you'll learn how to interface with Oracle's other built-in programming language, PL/SQL.If you're taking advantage of the Oracle's relatively new ability to create object tables and column objects based on user-defined datatypes, you'll be pleased with Don's thorough treatment of this subject. Don shows you how to use JPublisher and JDBC to work seamlessly with Oracle database objects from within Java programs. You'll also learn how to access nested tables and arrays using JDBC.Donald concludes the book with a discussion of transaction management, locking, concurrency, and performance--topics that every professional JDBC programmer must be familiar with. If you write Java programs to run against an Oracle database, this book is a must-have.

Transactional COM+: Building Scalable Applications


Tim Ewald - 2001
    Microsoft developed COM+ to help. COM+ is a sophisticated runtime environment for COM components. It is designed to make the development of scalable systems easier and is the foundation for higher-level frameworks such as BizTalk and Site Server Commerce Edition. But you cant use COM+ effectively if you dont understand how it works. Transactional COM+ explains how COM+ works and shows readers how to use the technology to its fullest potential as a framework for developing scalable applications. It examines the theory behind COM+, including the nature of scalability, why traditional object-oriented models are inappropriate for scalable systems, and the importance of transactions. The book explores how the two basic atoms of context and causality are used to implement COM+ runtime services. It introduces apartments and activities and the role they play in controlling concurrency in a COM+ process. It also introduces transaction streams and explains how they are used to integrate objects and transactions. Ewald shows how just-in-time activation and object pooling tog