Example sentences and brief explanatory comments provide a rich context to bring the words to life, and quizzes are provided to encourage reuse and recall of words and to reinforce memory of them. All of these features combine to make this a valuable tool for students preparing for standardized tests or simply seeking to expand their English vocabulary.

    Entries reveal a usage history, contemporary analysis, and a recommended solution.Quotations illustrating usage help you make informed choices. Over 20,000 illustrative quotations provide concrete examples of how words are used.Special history and pronunciation sections help you build understanding and knowledge. A Brief History of English Usage and a quick-reference guide to Pronunciation Symbols provide background and supplementary data.Alphabetical listings and cross-referencing help you find answers fast. More than 2,300 entries and 600 cross-references facilitate quick look-ups.

    It includes complete descriptions of each sign, plus full-torso illustrations. There is also a subject index for easy reference as well as alternate signs for the same meaning.

    To be used in the first year. There is one colloquium matching each of Chapters 1-24, Part I, Familia Romana. Focus now publishes this title in the U.S. and the ISBN and cover have changed, but the interior of the book remains the same.

    He was born to a reindeer herding family, but left to become an artist. The breathtaking drawings and the dazzling jacket and endpapers are his. . . . The drawings often continue seamlessly over the edges of the pages, so that a single line across a double page turns, as the page turns, to a horizon line, following the lines of the poetry. . . . It is clearly, very clearly, lyrical, expressing an organic relation to the natural world."--The Beloit Poetry Journal"His poems rise directly from the Yoik tradition, at once intimately personal, traditional and evocative of a huge landscape."--W. S., Merwin Translation Review

    Firmly based on current learning theory, its emphasis is on the practical needs of the learner. It aims not only to present and explain words but to demonstrate how to use them and how to work out rules for using them. Vocabulary is explained and presented on left-hand pages with a wealth of innovative follow-up activities opposite. * 100 units, covering approximately 3,000 new vocabulary items * offers learners the opportunity to consolidate and expand existing vocabulary * promotes invaluable learning techniques * gives study tips and suggests follow-up tasks * contains a comprehensive key with additional helpful comments * includes a detailed index and phonetic transcription

    Making It Explicit is an investigation into the nature of language--the social practices that distinguish us as rational, logical creatures--that revises the very terms of this inquiry. Where accounts of the relation between language and mind have traditionally rested on the concept of representation, this book sets out an alternate approach based on inference, and on a conception of certain kinds of implicit assessment that become explicit in language. Making It Explicit is the first attempt to work out in detail a theory that renders linguistic meaning in terms of use--in short, to explain how semantic content can be conferred on expressions and attitudes that are suitably caught up in social practices.At the center of this enterprise is a notion of discursive commitment. Being able to talk--and so in the fullest sense being able to think--is a matter of mastering the practices that govern such commitments, being able to keep track of one's own commitments and those of others. Assessing the pragmatic significance of speech acts is a matter of explaining the explicit in terms of the implicit. As he traces the inferential structure of the social practices within which things can be made conceptually explicit, the author defines the distinctively expressive role of logical vocabulary. This expressive account of language, mind, and logic is, finally, an account of who we are.

    The authors of this book do; and in doing so, they provoke the reader to consider style, not as an elegant accessory of effective prose, but as its very heart.At a time when writing skills have virtually disappeared, what can be done? If only people learned the principles of verbal correctness, the essential rules, wouldn't good prose simply fall into place? Thomas and Turner say no. Attending to rules of grammar, sense, and sentence structure will no more lead to effective prose than knowing the mechanics of a golf swing will lead to a hole-in-one. Furthermore, ten-step programs to better writing exacerbate the problem by failing to recognize, as Thomas and Turner point out, that there are many styles with different standards.In the first half of Clear and Simple, the authors introduce a range of styles--reflexive, practical, plain, contemplative, romantic, prophetic, and others--contrasting them to classic style. Its principles are simple: The writer adopts the pose that the motive is truth, the purpose is presentation, the reader is an intellectual equal, and the occasion is informal. Classic style is at home in everything from business memos to personal letters, from magazine articles to university writing.The second half of the book is a tour of examples--the exquisite and the execrable--showing what has worked and what hasn't. Classic prose is found everywhere: from Thomas Jefferson to Junichirō Tanizaki, from Mark Twain to the observations of an undergraduate. Here are many fine performances in classic style, each clear and simple as the truth.Originally published in 1994.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

    Anyone looking to improve his or her vocabulary and anyone who loves words will be enthralled by this unique and impressive thesaurus that provides only the most unusual -- or is it recondite? --words for each entry.

    This thorough introduction to second language research provides a comprehensive review of the research into learner language, internal and external factors in language acquisition, individual differences, and classroom second language learning.

    With deft use of examples of humor and wordplay, Steven Pinker weaves our vast knowledge of language into a compelling story: language is a human instinct, wired into our brains by evolution. The Language Instinct received the William James Book Prize from the American Psychological Association and the Public Interest Award from the Linguistics Society of America. This edition includes an update on advances in the science of language since The Language Instinct was first published.

    

    This guide expands and explains important grammatical concepts that the Wheelock text presents too briefly for many contemporary students.-- Fuller grammatical explanationsTo aid comprehension-- Useful, short exercises (with answer key)To clear up confusion fast-- Additional etymological informationTo help students memorize-- Companion websiteFor pronunciation help and downloadable drill sheets, vocabulary lists, and more!The Guide's style is casual, to calm and reassure the struggling or intimidated student. Points are repeated so that chapters can be used independently of one another, on an as-needed basis.Grote's Guide was designed for use with the Wheelock text, but has been sucessfully used with othe Latin texts.The Guide is an an excellent resource for-- Homeschoolers: students and instructors!-- Autodidacts-- Reviewing beginning Latin-- Reviewing before an exam

    It is equally suitable for quick reference to Details and for more leisured study of broad grammar topics.The book is trorough in its coverage but pays most attention to points that are of importance to intermediate and advanced learners of English, and to their teachers.• The emphasis is on meanings and how they govern the choice of grammatical pattern.• Each chapter starts with a summary which reviews the topic as a whole and shows readers where to find the particular information they need.• Authentic texts are used to demonstrate features of discourse.• Many single-sentence example are also authentic.• Wherever it is helpful, examples are marked as formal or informal, literary or conversational.• Dependable advice is give on the avoidance of non-standard and incorrect usage.• A chapter is devoted to differences between American and British grammar.• Technical terms are used sparingly, and defined in a glossary.

    The clear typographical layout and style, together with detailed treatment of vocabulary allows the user to quickly grasp the important nuances of language and translate and comprehend accurately. Containing 250,000 words, phrases, and translations, it is an ideal companion for both general and professional use.

    It also aims to discuss the principal features of Indo-European linguistics. Greek and Latin are studied as a pair for cultural reasons only; as languages, they have little in common apart from their Indo-European heritage. Thus the only way to treat the historical bases for their development is to begin with Proto-Indo-European. The only way to make a reconstructed language like Proto-Indo-European intelligible and intellectually defensible is to present at least some of the basis for reconstructing its features and, in the process, to discuss reasoning and methodology of reconstruction (including a weighing of alternative reconstructions). The result is a compendious handbook of Indo-European phonology and morphology, and a vade mecum of Indo-European linguistics--the focus always remaining on Greek and Latin. The non-classical sources for historical discussion are mainly Vedic Sanskrit, Hittite, and Germanic, with occasional but crucial contributions from Old Irish, Avestan, Baltic, and Slavic.

    A sensible and novel solution to the math block that afflicts our society today.

    It systematically describes and exemplifies all the elements of language curriculum design. Activities and exercises, graphic organizers, and sample language programs illustrate and promote pedagogically sound practice and effective integration of material.

    An approach which views language as a strategic, meaning-making resource, systemic linguistics focuses on the analysis of authentic, everyday texts, and asks both how people use language to make meanings, and how language itself is organised to enable those meanings to be made.The book offers both an overview of systemic theory and illustrations of how systemic techniques can be applied in the analysis of everyday texts. Written for students who may have little or no formal knowledge of linguistics, it covers most of the major concepts in systemic linguistics. In addition, it introduces readers to Halliday's functional grammatical analysis of English clauses, and presents the essentials of the systemic analysis of cohesive patterns in text.With its systemic theory of the relationship between language and context, systemic linguistics has applications in many fields where an understanding of how language functions to transmit social structure is important, in , for example, language education, cultural studies, stylistics, and women's studies. The book provides an accessible first step into systemics for those who wish to equip themselves with the conceptual and practical tools to analyse and explain how people make meanings with each other in everyday contexts.

    

    There are 30 units containing grammar explanation and practice, 20 developing and practising topic-related vocabulary and phrasal verbs, and ten working on expressions, idioms and word formation.

    Six different ways to search for characters and three comprehensive indexes let even beginners locate entries effortlessly.

    Relying on close analyses of conversational speech as well as written fiction and nonfiction, he investigates both the flow of ideas through consciousness and the displacement of consciousness by way of memory and imagination.Chafe draws on several decades of research to demonstrate that understanding the nature of consciousness is essential to understanding many linguistic phenomena, such as pronouns, tense, clause structure, and intonation, as well as stylistic usages, such as the historical present and the free indirect style. While the book focuses on English, there are also discussions of the North American Indian language Seneca and the music of Mozart and of the Seneca people.This work offers a comprehensive picture of the dynamic natures of language and consciousness that will interest linguists, psychologists, literary scholars, computer scientists, anthropologists, and philosophers.

    It shows that Greek word formation follows a limited set of rules. Once these rules are understood, it becomes clear that forms which once seemed to be irregular or an exception actually follow these morphological rules. The Morphology of Biblical Greek has five parts: 1.The rules that determine how Greek words change. 2. The rules of verb formation, from augment to personal ending. 3. Paradigms for every type of noun and adjective form, with all the words that belong in each category and any peculiarities of a given word. 4. All the verbs and principal parts, with verbs that follow the same rules grouped together. 5. An index of all words in the New Testament with their morphological category. The Morphology of Biblical Greek contains the most complete set of paradigms for nouns, verbs, adjectives, and pronouns available for New Testament Greek.

    American English. Not only does it contain an A to Zed of all the terms and expressions that separate our common language; it also has lists of rhyming slang, pronunciation and spelling differences. The back of the book contains a section on cultural differences, food and drink, conversion charts, British holidays and more. This book is great for those who travel to the UK or read books by British authors. It also comes in handy if you travel to British influenced destinations such as Jamaica, Cayman Is., and India. Terms such as loo for bathroom and petrol for gas may already be some you've heard - but did you know a sleeping policeman is a speed bump or candy floss is cotton candy? If you're an Anglophile or an expatriate on either side of the pond this book is great for your business associates, families and friends. British American Business Councils and other organizations use them for their members and they have even been purchased for wedding favors when a Brit is marrying an American or vice versa. What fun! If you watch Top Gear on TV this book can translate some of the expressions you hear! Just like a foreign dictionary the first part lists UK terms and expressions and their American counterparts and the second part has US terms and British equivalents. Lists of rhyming slang are included to acquaint you with the Cockney rhyming slang - such as whistle and flute means suit. So take a shufti through The UK to USA Dictionary British English vs. American English and see if you can suss out the meanings. A nod is as good as a wink to a blind horse. If you don't know what that means you'll just have to buy a copy to find out!

    

    Combines passages with reading, writing, comprehension, and discussion activities that integrate fresh skills and ideas into students' knowledge and experience.

    Scholars will find this a welcome edition of the Leningrad Codex, the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible, whose text and layout it precisely follows. A foreword and five appendices provide the researcher with important details and distinctions about the codex. In addition to being a scientific edition, it was originally commissioned in Israel to follow the necessary adaptations that qualify it for Jewish liturgical use, such as divisions into weekly portions and their subdivisions for synagogue reading. Students, too, will find here an ideal text for classroom use, with an uncluttered format and printing that is matchless for its readability.

    This accessible and comprehensive dictionary comes to the aid of both the general reader and the student or teacher, offering straightforward and immediate A-Z access to 1,000 grammatical terms and their meanings. All the currently accepted terms of grammar are included, as well as older, traditional names, controversial new coinages, and items from the study of other languages. Concise definitions of the wider subject of linguistics, including phonetics and transformational grammar, are accompanied by examples of language in use, and frequent quotations from existing works on grammar.

    Providing a wealth of essential information and practical tips, this popular series, redesigned and updated, is primed for a new generation of foreign country visitors. With over 1,200 useful phrases and expressions and over 2,300 words covering just about any situation a traveler is likely to encounter, Berlitz Phrase Books remain the unparalleled market leader.Completely redesigned for greater ease of use, Berlitz Phrase Books provide: -- A new "essentials" section, offering the most basic vocabulary for quick reference-- Expanded cultural tips, including sites to visit, places to dine, and faux pas to avoid-- Easier-to-read single columns-- Contemporary icons and illustrations-- Up-to-date language to reflect the changes in banking, entertainment, media, and technology-- Over 1,200 useful phrases and over 2,300 words-- A unique color-coding system-- An easy-to-read pronunciation guide-- A dictionary with more than 3,500 words to fit any situation-- A manageable, portable size

    The book consists of 15 carefully rendered scenes (14 double-page and one single-page), each devoted to a different theme or topic.Lo zoo: At the zooLa fattoria: On the farmLa camera di una ragazza: Girl’s bedroomLa camera di un ragazzo: Boy’s bedroomL’aula scolastica: ClassroomIl soggiorno: Living roomIl bagno: BathroomL’ora di pranzo: At dinnerIl supermercato: SupermarketLa spiaggia: At the beach… and five more.Each illustration contains dozens of common objects, clearly labeled in Italian. By studying the illustrations, students can learn over 500 words for common household items, clothing, foods, vehicles, furniture, names of animals, parts of the body, types of stores and public buildings, and much more.To help reinforce words and meanings, all the scenes in this book are ideal for coloring. In addition, a complete list of Italian words (with definite articles) and English translations will be found at the back of the book. The result is an attractive and useful language resource that will appeal to any student of basic Italian, child or adult.

    We recommend Book D for third grade or advanced second grade. This book begins with a thorough review of basic italic, then presents the cursive joins in sequence. After all the joins are learned the cursive capitals are shown. Writing practice includes first names, vowel sounds, consonant sounds, phonograms, prefixes, suffixes, homophones, homographs, ampersands, and punctuation. Sentence content includes poem forms such as couplet, haiku, acrostic, cinquian, limerick, formula poem, and tongue twisters. Cursive capital practice includes origins of our alphabet. Application form, letter writing, and envelope making are presented. The books were designed so that a child may begin anywhere in the series, even though they have never before learned italic. Each book begins with a comprehensive review for that particular level. For example if a child is in the 4th grade, and can write at that grade level, they can begin with Book E without having to work through any of the previous books, adding to the versatility and cost-effectiveness of this series.

    The present book consists of an introduction, detailed analysis, and translation with extensive notes of the first half of the text. In the Introduction Jayarasi's affiliation to the Lokayata school is reassessed, and evaluated.

    Each volume contains 3,000 new words and meanings presented in the style of the OED, representing a variety of work-in-progress from across the alphabetical range, covering words and meanings that have recently entered the language as well as the results of further research on items already included.

    Reprint.

    From the infantryman's foxhole to the fighter pilot's cockpit, Dickson explores the origins, meanings and context of a volatile and violent vocabulary.

    The author overturns the traditional perspective by showing how figurative aspects of language reveal the poetic structure of mind. Ideas and research from psychology, linguistics, philosophy, anthropology, and literary theory are used to establish important links between the poetic structure of thought and everyday use of language. The Poetics of Mind evaluates current philosophical, linguistic, and literary theories of figurative language and relates the empirical work on figurative language understanding to the broader issues concerning the nature of everyday thought and reasoning.

    It's easy to locate words quickly with the Webster's New World Hebrew-English Dictionary, because the Hebrew-to-English section is alphabetized according to the transliterated English spelling. The English version is marked for correct pronunciation and followed immediately by the Hebrew spelling of the word. This breakthrough work of linguistic scholarship is packed with useful features that guarantee rapid progress, even for those with no familiarity with the Hebrew language. It contains:* Extensive grammatical information including parts of speech, variant verb forms, and the formation of feminines and plurals* Listings of idioms and compounds and indications of colloquialisms and slang* Common variations in pronunciations* Geographical, historical and cultural entries

    Rather it suggests why the language is so fun to learn, and guides the beginner through some of the resources available from the Early Medieval world. The types of text surviving are discussed and a few guided exercises show how reading these is really no more difficult than studying Latin.

    Black Talk crosses boundaries of sex, age, religion, region, and social class, and provides definitions of words, sayings, and popular expressions from all segments of the African American community.

    More user-friendly thanks to improved color-coding and new categories, this is the phrase book created by the people for the people.

    This is the first full account of the controversy, set within the larger background of how the dictionary was planned and put together by its editor-in-chief, Philip Babcock Gove. Based on original research and interviews with the people who knew and worked with Gove, this is a human story as well as the story of the making of a dictionary. The author skillfully interweaves an account of Gove's character and working habits with the evolution of the dictionary. In spite of its rocky initial reception, Webster's Third is now widely regarded as one of the greatest dictionaries of our time.

    This history, from 1949 to the present, has been extensively studied by scholars using the methods of history and political science. Dialectic of the Chinese Revolution makes an innovative departure from these studies through a series of reflections on the history of communist China as a history of consciousness.It focuses on important aspects of the Chinese experience - such as memory and amnesia, energy and meaning, and the center and periphery mentality - that are amenable more to a philosophical and psychological approach than to an empirical one.The author goes beyond the concept of utopianism that is customarily applied to the Chinese communist experience by viewing this epoch in terms of the movement from utopianism to nihilism to hedonism. He traces the path of Chinese communism from the early belief that denial and hard work combined with Marxism and Maoism would create a utopia of material and spiritual abundance to the disappointment of this belief and the ensuing search for individual pleasure and prosperity.In this progression, which the author describes as the unfolding of the hedonistic potential of utopianism, Marxism became China's road to capitalism and consumerism.The book consists of essays that approach the trajectory of utopianism-nihilism-hedonism from six different viewpoints: the impact of Marxism on China's relationship to itself and to the West, the manipulation of language and cultural memory, the effects of founding morality on a revolutionary teleology, the tension between the ascetic and the hedonistic aspects of utopianism, the paralysis of the will resulting from continual mobilizations and failures, and the relationship of past, present, and future as mirrored in constantly shifting beliefs.

    Colorful photos, many taken by Bobbie Kalman herself at restored historic villages across the country, help support the fascinating information. Children will have fun learning about: -- early homes and the settler community-- what people wore and the crafts they made-- how settlers made their living-- how they spent their leisure time-- the values, customs, and traditions of the early settlersWhile many settler sayings have not survived, there are many which we still use today which trace their origins back to a trade such as blacksmithing -- strike while the iron is hot, or from the fashion of the time, such as pulling the wool over someone's eyes, referring to their woolen wigs. In Settler Sayings, young readers will learn how common sayings find their roots in day-to-day lives: -- in the mill-- at the inn-- in the kitchen-- on the farm-- in battle-- in the artisan's workroom

    Most students find it helpful to begin learning the script at the same time as they start on the spoken language, but this volume can be used independently if preferred. In addition to lists of words for reading and writing practice, presented in a series of short graduated lessons, Okell includes sample texts from Burmese materials such as product labels, newspaper headlines, and maps. Appendices on handwriting and cursive forms, display fonts, the Burmese names of the characters, Burmese alphabetical order, and common abbreviations round out the book.One of the challenges of learning a non-roman script language from traditional course books is that the use of the roman alphabet to describe sounds is not as effective as hearing the sounds. The extensive audio files that accompany this volume allow the learner to hear and produce the sounds corresponding to the symbols. Language professors and their students or those learning Burmese on their own will appreciate the accessible approach and the manageable size of the lessons of the very practical textbooks in this series.

    Martin Irvine draws together several aspects of medieval culture--literary theory, the nature of literacy, education, Biblical interpretation, linguistic thought--in order to reveal the more far-reaching social effects of grammatica in medieval culture. The book is based on new and previously neglected sources, many of which have been edited from medieval manuscripts for the first time.

    They will learn some of the formal methods and techniques of linguistics-the scientific study of language. It introduces phonetics, phonology, and morphology, thus teaching about the sounds of English and how those sounds form patterns and combine into meaningful units (such as prefixes and suffixes) and words.

    A learning guide that teaches sign language by category groups signs with similar shapes and movements in chapters such as numbers, money and quantity, and thoughts, emotions and ideas, creating a quick and easy system for the novice.

    French in Action

    It attempts to dismantle the arguments which claim that someone other than Shakespeare wrote the plays.

    The original Spanish text of each work appears with an excellent English translation on the facing page.The anthology begins with carefully selected passages from such medieval classics as The Book of Good Love by the Archpriest of Hita and Spain's first great prose work, the stories of Count Lucanor by Juan Manuel. Works by writers of the Spanish Renaissance follow, among them poems by the Marqués de Santillana and excerpts from the great dialogue novel La Celestina by Fernando de Rojas.Spain's Golden age, ca. 1550-1650, an era which produced its great writers, is represented by the mystical poems of St. Teresa, passages from Cervantes' Don Quixote and scenes from Tirso de Molina's The Love-Rogue, the drama that introduced the character of Don Juan to the world, along with other well-known works of the period. A cavalcade of stirring poems, plays and prose selections represent Spain's rare literary achievements of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries.The translations were chosen for their accuracy and fidelity to the originals. Among the translators are Lord Byron, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Edward FitzGerald and John Masefield. As a treasury of masterly writing, as a guide for the student who wants to improve his or her language skills and as a compact survey of Spanish literature, this excellent anthology will provide hours of pleasure and fruitful study.

    

    His analysis is based on the observation that the structure of a sentence reflects a speaker's assumptions about the hearer's state of knowledge and consciousness at the time of the utterance. Four independent but interrelated categories are analyzed: presupposition and assertion, identifiability and activation, topic, and focus.

    Schutz provides illuminating answers to these and other questions about Hawaii's post-contact linguistic past. The result is a highly readable and accessible account of Hawaiian history from a language-centered point of view that will prove indispensable for Hawaiian language scholars and students and appeal to the growing number of Hawaiians who are reclaiming their language. Beginning with the observations of Captain Cook and his crew, continuing through the missionaries' profound effect on the language and its speakers, and ending with current issues of language policy, Schutz provides readers with not only a historical overview of Hawaiian but also an exhaustive analysis and critique of nearly every work ever written about the language.

    Through an extensive typological survey of word stress rules that uncovers widespread asymmetries, he identifies a fundamental distinction between iambic and trochaic rhythm, called the "Iambic/Trochaic law," and argues that it has pervasive effects among the rules and structures responsible for stress.Hayes incorporates the iambic/trochaic opposition into a general theory of word stress assignment, intended to account for all languages in which stress is assigned on phonological as opposed to morphological principles. His theory addresses particularly problematic areas in metrical work, such as ternary stress and unusual weight distinctions, and he proposes new theoretical accounts of them. Attempting to take more seriously the claim of generative grammar to be an account of linguistic universals, Hayes proposes analyses for the stress patterns of over 150 languages.Hayes compares his own innovative views with alternatives from the literature, allowing students to gain an overview of the field. Metrical Stress Theory should interest all who seek to understand the role of stress in language.

    In these volumes outstanding scholars provide in-depth and wide-ranging investigations of the historical, semantic, and theological meanings of Old Testament concepts.Well-organized and clearly written articles analyze a significant portion of the Old Testament vocabulary. This reference work can serve a wide audience, from professors and researchers to pastors and students of the Bible. Even readers with little or no knowledge of Hebrew can use it profitably.Whereas traditional lexicons do little more than offer possible translations in the light of etymological and grammatical evidence, "The Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament" goes further, evaluating each term's theological relevance by clearly describing its actual usage in the language. In the process, it makes available to readers in many form- and tradition-critical insights hitherto buried in scattered commentaries, monographs, Old Testament theologies, journal articles, etc. Thus the individual articles serve as concise, well-structured histories of research with conclusions, discussion of controversies, and references to the most important literature.The methodological repertoire of the "TLOT" is deliberately broad because today it is generally agreed that no single approach can fully illuminate a term's meaning. Assumptions that led to ill-advised short-cuts--e.g., the chimera of a basic meaning from which all other meanings developed--have given way to a methodological pluralism, that considers a term's significance from several points of view and thus does more justice to actual usage.Words were included because of their importance within the Hebrew Bible, not their suitability as elements of a secondary system of Old Testament theology. Since the entries are generally ordered according to roots--the traditional and sensible approach for Semitic languages--and many words are treated as derivatives, synonyms, or antonyms of the terms listed in the article titles, thousands of words can be considered in about 330 articles. These other words can easily be found in the index. Besides examining the key verbs, nouns, and adjectives, the "TLOT" examines theologically noteworthy pronouns and particles in their own entries."Like a diamond, highly prized for its fine cut, sparkle, setting, durability, utility, and symbolism, Jenni-Westermann's Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament has enormous value for a variety of reasons. Its rich data range from the historical to the theological, from the earliest occurrence of a particular word to its post-biblical use, from its distribution in the canon to its attestation in other literature from the ancient Near East, from its grammatical and syntactical peculiarities to its religious nuance. The contributors retain their individual perspectives, which give freshness and excitement to the whole. I have long wished for an English translation of this important work so that my divinity students would have access to it. Now, thanks to Hendrickson Publishers, that whish has been granted."--James L. Crenshaw, Robert L. Flowers Professor of Old Testament, Duke University

    The method is a direct physical simulation of the motion of representative molecules, rather than a numerical solution of the equations that provide a mathematical model of the flow. The computations are no longer expensive and the period since the original 1976 publication of this work has seen enormous improvements in the molecular models, the procedures, and the implementation strategies. This greatly expanded new version of the author's seminal Molecular Gas Dynamics will be considered the definitive text on the subject. It includes all the refinements and research since the earlier book. The molecular theory of gas flows is developed from first principles and is extended to cover new models and procedures. The method and typical applications are illustrated through 13 demonstration programs that are listed in FORTRAN source code on a companion website. All numerical results in the book have been obtained from these programs. The applications range from verification cases for simple homogeneous gases to complex multidimensional flows of gas mixtures and chemically reacting flows.

    Each letter of the alphabet is accompanied by a phrase and famous piece of art, from aristocrat to Zen via Rousseau's jungle cat and Egyptian cat sculpture.

    Will take 25-35 days

    This anthology is drawn from his writings about the memories of men and women of a past era - farm labourers, shepherds, horsemen, blacksmiths, wheelwrights, sailors, fisherman, miners, maltsters, domestic servants and many others. The anthology is edited and includes drawings by David Gentleman.'A pleasure to look at and a delight to read . . . A treasury of country folklore in words and pictures, and a monument to a great and pioneering man . . . It is right that the past should be heard of in the words of those who lived it . . . Those who actually cut the hay.' Daily Telegraph

    Covino draws from theorists ranging from Plato and Cornelius Agrippa to Paulo Freire and Mary Daly, and analyzes the different magics that operate in Renaissance occult philosophy and Romantic literature, as well as in popular indicators of mass literacy such as The Oprah Winfrey Show and The National Enquirer.Magic, Rhetoric, and Literacy distinguishes two kinds of magic-rhetoric that continue to affect our psychological and cultural life today. Generative magic-rhetoric creates novel possibilities for action, within a broad sympathetic universe of signs and symbols. Arresting magic-rhetoric attempts to induce automatistic behavior, by inculcating rules and maxims that function like magic ritual formulas: JUST SAY NO. In this connection, the literate individual is one who can interrogate arresting language, and generate counter-spells.

    The lessons contain explanations of the grammar, a range of exercises and some authentic language material. Two 60-minute audio cassettes, recorded by native Indonesian speakers, are designed to accompany the textbook. These aim to complement and reinforce the material covered in the text, and to assist the pronunciation and understanding of Indonesian.

    The largest of all the Native American tribes, the Navajo are one of the few tribes that still use their native language in everyday communication. The Navajo language first appeared in writing in the mid-1800s. In 1939, the alphabet was standardized and printed materials were available. Shortly after, during World War II, bilingual code talkers sent secure radio messages using Navajo as a code. Includes over 9,000 entries; a detailed section on Navajo pronunciation; and useful, everyday expressions.

    New, exacting empirical methods are needed to break the deadlock in such areas of artificial intelligence as robotics, knowledge representation, machine learning, machine translation, and natural language processing (NLP). It is time, Charniak observes, to switch paradigms. This text introduces statistical language processing techniques; word tagging, parsing with probabilistic context free grammars, grammar induction, syntactic disambiguation, semantic wordclasses, word-sense disambiguation; along with the underlying mathematics and chapter exercises. Charniak points out that as a method of attacking NLP problems, the statistical approach has several advantages. It is grounded in real text and therefore promises to produce usable results, and it offers an obvious way to approach learning: one simply gathers statistics.

    Demonstrates the social as well as cognitive relevance of linguistic researchShows that rapid linguistic change is in progress in the cities of America and England so that urban dialects are becoming more and more differentiatedDiscusses factors that govern the internal development of linguistic structures: the mechanisms of change, the constraints on change, and the ways in which change is embedded in the larger linguistic system

    The program consists of a number of flexible, student-centred components which develop all four skills. As a whole the program provides a comprehensive, communicative approach to language development.

    It developed in the Indus or Harappan Civilization, which flourished c. 2500-1900 BC in and around modern Pakistan, collapsing before the earliest historical records of South Asia were composed. Nearly 4,000 samples of the writing survive, mainly on stamp seals and amulets, but no translations. Professor Parpola is the chief editor of the Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions. His ideas about the script, the linguistic affinity of the Harappan language, and the nature of the Indus religion are informed by a remarkable command of Aryan, Dravidian, and Mesopotamian sources, archaeological materials, and linguistic methodology. His fascinating study confirms that the Indus script was logo-syllabic, and that the Indus language belonged to the Dravidian family.

    

    This volume contains papers from the 1990 Manchester conference, sponsored by the Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies at the University of Manchester, and the Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies, at the State University of New York at Binghamton.

    

    The book investigates where various English words originated and the author shows that words can tell us how our linguistic ancestors lived, where they travelled and with whom they came in contact.

    A decidedly unalphabetical concatenation of definitions and carefully phrased examples of usage--the perfect gift for word freaks and poets.

    The only historical dictionary of slang -- spanning three hundred years of slang use in America.

    And yet modern desk dictionaries are the result of a paring away of that glory, so that merely standard, functional, current words remain. The price we pay for such convenience is the thousands of delightful words we never see or hear.This book is an effort to save some of those words applicable to everyday life and countless word games from extinction. The resultant treasure trove of exotic verbal creatures is an indispensable resource for every lover of language.A selection:egrutten: having a face swollen from weepingnumquid: an inquisitive personsardoodledum: drama that is contrived, stagy, or unrealisticmimp: to purse one's lips