Best of
Science

1922

The Meaning of Relativity


Albert Einstein - 1922
    These four lectures constituted an overview of his then-controversial theory of relativity. Princeton University Press made the lectures available under the title The Meaning of Relativity, the first book by Einstein to be produced by an American publisher. As subsequent editions were brought out by the Press, Einstein included new material amplifying the theory. A revised version of the appendix Relativistic Theory of the Non-Symmetric Field, added to the posthumous edition of 1956, was Einstein's last scientific paper.-- "Physics Today"

Ideas and Opinions


Albert Einstein - 1922
    The selections range from his earliest days as a theoretical physicist to his death in 1955; from such subjects as relativity, nuclear war or peace, and religion and science, to human rights, economics, and government.

The Burgess Animal Book for Children


Thornton W. Burgess - 1922
    During their "classroom" chats, she not only teaches Peter about Arctic Hare and Antelope Jack but also tells him about such creatures as Flying Squirrel, Mountain Beaver, Pocket Gopher, Grasshopper Mouse, Silvery Bat, Mule Deer, and Grizzly Bear.Told with all the warmth and whimsy of Burgess's stories, this engaging book acquaints youngsters with many forms of wildlife and the animals' relationships with one another. The charming collection of entertaining tales is sure to transport today's young readers to the same captivating world of nature that delighted generations of children before them.

Hunters of the Great North (1922) (Interactive Table of Contents)


Vilhjálmur Stefánsson - 1922
    Because of his studies of the Eskimos, his discoveries of land, the application of new ideas and new methods of exploration, Stefansson was considered the foremost polar explorer of his day, and one of the few great explorers of all time. During a period of three or four years Mr. Stefansson has produced a creditable list of books about the Arctic. In some respects his service in publishing the results of his Northern studies has differed from that of earlier explorers. He has challenged our preconceptions about the Arctic. “Hunters of the Great North” gives details of Northern life such as have doubtless come within the experience of all Arctic explorers, but which are new to the average American reader. In short, it is an elementary text-book of the Arctic. Stefansson lived among the Eskimos of the Mackenzie River, studying their language and adopting their mode of life, and spending ten winters and thirteen summers in the polar regions. Among Stefannson's most famous discovery was that of a race of blond Eskimo on Coronation Gulf. Stefansson writes: "In the present book I have tried by means of diaries and memory to go back to the vivid impressions of my first year among the Eskimos for the story of what I saw and heard." In describing his confrontation with a polar bear, Stefansson writes: “I heard behind me a noise like the spitting of a cat or the hiss of a goose. I looked back and saw, about twenty feet away and almost above me, a polar bear. I had overestimated the bear's distance from shore, and had passed the spot where he lay. From his eye and attitude, as well as the story his trail told afterward there was no doubting his intentions: the hiss was merely his way of saying, "Watch me do it!" Or at least that is how I interpreted it; possibly the motive was chivalry, and the hiss was his way of saying Garde!” Contents I. PREPARATIONS FOR A LIFEWORK OF EXPLORATION II. DOWN THE MACKENZIE RIVER THROUGH 2000 MILES OF INDIAN COUNTRY III. FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF THE ESKIMOS IV. CAPTAIN KLINKENBERG—SEA WOLF AND DISCOVERER V. THE WHALING FLEET SAILS AWAY VI. LEARNING TO LIVE AS AN ESKIMO—ON A DIET OF FISH WITHOUT SALT VII. HOW AN ESKIMO SAILED THROUGH THE STORM VIII. AN AUTUMN JOURNEY THROUGH ARCTIC MOUNTAINS IX. THE SUN GOES AWAY FOR THE WINTER X. LOST IN THE MACKENZIE DELTA XI. AN ARCTIC CHRISTMAS WITH AN ENGLISH COUNTRY GENTLEMAN XII. THE LIFE AT TUKTUYAKTOK XIII. LEARNING TO BUILD A SNOWHOUSE AND TO BE COMFORTABLE IN ONE XIV. TRAVELS AFTER THE SUN CAME BACK XV. WE GO IN SEARCH OF OUR OWN EXPEDITION XVI. A SPRING JOURNEY IN AN ESKIMO SKIN BOAT XVII. A RACE OVER THE ARCTIC MOUNTAINS IN SUMMER XVIII. ON A RAFT DOWN THE PORCUPINE RIVER SHORT STORIES OF ADVENTURE I. HOW I LEARNED TO HUNT CARIBOU II. HOW I LEARNED TO HUNT SEALS III. HOW WE HUNT POLAR BEARS

Kings Dethroned: A History of the Evolution of Astronomy ... Showing it to be an Amazing Series of Blunders Founded Upon an Error Made in the Second Century B.C.


Gerrard Hickson - 1922
     According to a press release by Hicksonia Publishing Co., Hickson's book "contains one of the most momentous messages ever condensed into 112 pages." According to the Boston Globe in an 1989 article, "Gerrard Hickson was nothing if not confident. His 1922 book, 'Kings Dethroned,' promised to show that the history of astronomy was 'an amazing series of blunders founded on an error made in the 2d Century B.C.' It debunked Copernicus, ridiculed Charles Darwin and showed Albert Einstein to be a fool." Albert Ingalls, a former editor of Scientific American who donated the book to MIT in 1940, said the book could be "most charitably designated as unorthodox hypotheses in science." Hickson writes: "In the year 1907 the author made a remarkable discovery which convinced him that the sun was very much nearer to the earth than was generally supposed. "The fact he had discovered was demonstrated beyond all doubt, so that he was compelled to believe that— however improbable it might seem— astronomers had made a mistake when they estimated the distance of the sun to be ninety-three millions of miles. "He then proceeded to examine the means by which the sun’s distance had been computed, and found an astounding error in the “ Diurnal Method of Measurement by Parallax,” which had been invented by Dr. Hailey in the early part of the 19th century, and which was used by Sir David Gill in measuring the distance to the planet Mars in 1877 ; from which he deduced his solar parallax of 8.80. "Seeing that Sir Norman Lockyer had said that the distance to and the dimensions of everything in the firmament except the moon depends upon Sir David Gill’s measurement to Mars, the author set himself the tremendous task of proving the error, tracing its consequences up to the present day, and also tracing it backwards to the source from which it sprang. "The result of that research is a most illuminating history of the evolution of astronomy from the time of the Roman Empire up to April 1922 ; which is now placed in the hands of the people in 'Kings Dethroned.' Hickson, founder of the Hicksonian Society, was a lithographer by trade and also a successful "weather prophet" who in 1909 had published a pamphlet "The Winds that Blow," describing the author's theory of the causes of wind ---Hickson's study of the wind is what led to his discovery of the error in the alleged distance of the sun. But he didn't limit his inquiry to the field of wind and astronomy---in 1921 he was also arrested as an unlicensed investigator of Jack the Ripper crimes. Contents: I. WHEN THE WORLD WAS YOUNG II. COPERNICUS AND GALILEO. III.

Rhymes of Early Jungle Folk: A Replica of the 1922 Edition Featuring the Poems of Mary E. Marcy with Woodcuts by Wharton Esherick


Mary E. Marcy - 1922
    A high-quality replica authorized by the Wharton Esherick Museum, this book reveals the foundation of Esherick s direction as an artist. Edited by Museum director Paul Eisenhauer, it also features a foreword by Museum assistant curator Laura Heemer. The illustrations frame verses that introduce children to the principles of evolution, a highly controversial topic at the time: the book was published three years before the famous Scopes Monkey trial of 1925 that resulted in the inclusion of the teaching of evolution in public schools. Drawn by the excitement of the controversy, Esherick threw his passion into these illustrations. Afterward he would go on to carve over 300 woodcuts, leading to decorative carving, and ultimately, to Esherick's realization that he was a sculptor rather than a painter."

The Principle of Relativity


Alfred North Whitehead - 1922
    Dividing his book into three parts--General Principles, Physical Applications, and Elementary Theory of Tensors--the author's arguments and observations utilize his own unique mix of nature, philosophy, and "the old division between physics and geometry." This work, first published in 1922, is essential reading for students, teachers, scientists, or anyone interested in the relationship of physics to philosophy. English mathematician and philosopher ALFRED NORTH WHITEHEAD (1861-1947) contributed significantly to 20th-century logic and metaphysics. With Bertrand Russell he cowrote the landmark Principia Mathematica, and also authored The Concept of Nature, The Function of Reason, and Process and Reality.

Western Mysticism: Augustine, Gregory, and Bernard on Contemplation and the Contemplative Life


Cuthbert Butler - 1922
    Drawn from the works of Saint Augustine, Saint Gregory and Saint Bernard, the writings form a coordinated body of doctrine by three of Western culture's most revered teachers of mystical theology. In addition to accounts of the writers' own religious experiences and their related theories, the book discusses speculative contemplation, defines mysticism and characteristics of Western mysticism, and contrasts contemplative and active lives. Filled with valuable suggestions and insights into the spiritual condition, this volume is a must for all students of mysticism.