Best of
Politics

1955

The Sane Society


Erich Fromm - 1955
    In this study, he reaches further and asks: “Can a society be sick?” He finds that it can, arguing that Western culture is immersed in a “pathology of normalcy” that affects the mental health of individuals. In The Sane Society, Fromm examines the alienating effects of modern capitalism, and discusses historical and contemporary alternatives, particularly communitarian systems. Finally, he presents new ideas for a re-organization of economics, politics, and culture that would support the individual’s mental health and our profound human needs for love and freedom.

The Strange Career of Jim Crow


C. Vann Woodward - 1955
    Vann Woodward, who died in 1999 at the age of 91, was America's most eminent Southern historian, the winner of a Pulitzer Prize for Mary Chestnut's Civil War and a Bancroft Prize for The Origins of the New South. Now, to honor his long and truly distinguished career, Oxford is pleased to publish this special commemorative edition of Woodward's most influential work, The Strange Career of Jim Crow.The Strange Career of Jim Crow is one of the great works of Southern history. Indeed, the book actually helped shape that history. Published in 1955, a year after the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education ordered schools desegregated, Strange Career was cited so often to counter arguments for segregation that Martin Luther King, Jr. called it "the historical Bible of the civil rights movement." The book offers a clear and illuminating analysis of the history of Jim Crow laws, presenting evidence that segregation in the South dated only to the 1890s. Woodward convincingly shows that, even under slavery, the two races had not been divided as they were under the Jim Crow laws of the 1890s. In fact, during Reconstruction, there was considerable economic and political mixing of the races. The segregating of the races was a relative newcomer to the region.Hailed as one of the top 100 nonfiction works of the twentieth century, The Strange Career of Jim Crow has sold almost a million copies and remains, in the words of David Herbert Donald, "a landmark in the history of American race relations."

They Thought They Were Free: The Germans 1933-45


Milton Sanford Mayer - 1955
    Nazism was finished in the bunker in Berlin and its death warrant signed on the bench at Nuremberg.”   That’s Milton Mayer, writing in a foreword to the 1966 edition of They Thought They Were Free. He’s right about the critics: the book was a finalist for the National Book Award in 1956. General readers may have been slower to take notice, but over time they did—what we’ve seen over decades is that any time people, across the political spectrum, start to feel that freedom is threatened, the book experiences a ripple of word-of-mouth interest. And that interest has never been more prominent or potent than what we’ve seen in the past year.  They Thought They Were Free is an eloquent and provocative examination of the development of fascism in Germany. Mayer’s book is a study of ten Germans and their lives from 1933-45, based on interviews he conducted after the war when he lived in Germany. Mayer had a position as a research professor at the University of Frankfurt and lived in a nearby small Hessian town which he disguised with the name “Kronenberg.” “These ten men were not men of distinction,” Mayer noted, but they had been members of the Nazi Party; Mayer wanted to discover what had made them Nazis. His discussions with them of Nazism, the rise of the Reich, and mass complicity with evil became the backbone of this book, an indictment of the ordinary German that is all the more powerful for its refusal to let the rest of us pretend that our moment, our society, our country are fundamentally immune.   A new foreword to this edition by eminent historian of the Reich Richard J. Evans puts the book in historical and contemporary context. We live in an age of fervid politics and hyperbolic rhetoric. They Thought They Were Free cuts through that, revealing instead the slow, quiet accretions of change, complicity, and abdication of moral authority that quietly mark the rise of evil.

The Vintage Mencken


H.L. Mencken - 1955
    The anthology that spans an entire lifetime of writing by America's greatest curmudgeon, with a "flick of mischief on nearly every page."

Thoughts on Linguistic States


Bhimrao R. Ambedkar - 1955
    An excellent book that talks about the principles for State organization, and describes how to keep India united.

Imperialism: Part Two of The Origins of Totalitarianism


Hannah Arendt - 1955
    This middle volume focuses on the curious and cruel epoch of declining European colonial imperialism from 1884 to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.

The Rebel Girl: An Autobiography, My First Life (1906-1926)


Elizabeth Gurley Flynn - 1955
    The fiery IWW, labor defense & Communist leader writes vividly of her early life.DedicationPrefaceIllustrationsChildhood & Early YouthSocialist & IWW Agitator, 1906-12The Lawrence Textile StrikeThe Paterson Silk StrikeThe IWW, 1912-14World War I & Its AftermathSacco & VanzettiIndexoriginally published by Masses & Mainstream

German Social Democracy, 1905-1917: The Development of the Great Schism


Carl E. Schorske - 1955
    Social Democrats and Communists today face each other as bitter political enemies across the front lines of the Cold War; yet they share a common origin in the Social Democratic Party of Imperial Germany. How did they come to go separate ways? By what process did the old party break apart? How did the prewar party prepare the ground for the dissolution of the labor movement in World War I, and for the subsequent extension of Leninism into Germany? To answer these questions is the purpose of Carl Schorske's study.

John A. MacDonald: The Young Politician. The Old Chieftain


Donald Grant Creighton - 1955
    Macdonald: The Young Lion' (1952) and 'John A. Macdonald: The Old Chieftain' (1955). Each of the volumes won a Governor General's Literary Award. Creighton's rare combination of rigorous scholarship, magnificent literary style, and romantic and heroic vision gives this work extraordinary power and wide appeal.Sir John A. Macdonald's flamboyant personality dominated Canadian public life from the years preceding Confederation to the end of the nineteenth century, and the political structures and national policies which developed under his leadership continue to shape public issues today. Creighton's first volume takes Macdonald from his childhood and early years as a young lawyer in Kingston, Ontario, through his swift rise in political life to positions of influence, to the great achievement of uniting the colonies of British North America in Confederation. The second volume traces Macdonald's often tumultuous subsequent career in the context of a growing and often recalcitrant nation. He was Prime Minister from 1867 to 1873 and then again from 1878 until his death in June, 1891. The spectacular and evocative epilogues with which Creighton concludes each volume are widely recognized as having a place among the great passages of literary prose.P. B. Waite's introduction to this new one-volume republication provides an illuminating account of the impact that Creighton and his biography of Macdonald had on a whole generation of historians and readers.

Sovereignty: An Inquiry into the Political Good


Bertrand De Jouvenel - 1955
    His concern is with “the prospects for individual liberty in democratic societies in which sovereignty purportedly resides in the whole people of the body politic.” His objective is a definition and understanding of “the canons of conduct for the public authority of a dynamic society.”Daniel J. Mahoney is Associate Professor of Politics at Assumption College.David DesRosiers is Executive Vice President at the Manhattan Institute.

The American Story


Garet Garrett - 1955
    He was a champion of business who believed in profiting the old fashioned way. He was a libertarian who deplored the rise of big government. He was a constitutionalist who was aghast at how presidents and congresses shredded the document in times of economic crisis and war. He was the last of the great old-time liberals who opposed FDR's welfare-warfare state. Above all else, he was a brilliant student of the American experience who could tell a story like no one else of his generation. Garet Garrett's last book was his own retelling of American history, with a special focus on the technologies and people behind them that transformed life for average people, along with a relentless and truth-telling story about the rise of the state. These had been a theme of all of his work, from his novels of the 1920s to his case against the New Deal in the 1930s. His final work tells the story of the American people as its never been told, from an early experiment in freedom, and the fight against the powers in Washington that sought to suppress that freedom, all the way through the beginnings of a preventable Cold War. The images that the author presses on the mind in The American Story--a complete biography of a country--are vivid and telling, the product of a lifetime of study and the wisdom of age.

Decline of the American Republic


John T. Flynn - 1955
    

History of the Three Internationals: The World Socialist and Communist Movements from 1848 to the Present


William Z. Foster - 1955
    

The "Higher Law" Background of American Constitutional Law


Edward S. Corwin - 1955
    Corwin is considered a leading constitutional scholar of the twentieth century. Alpheus Mason described Corwin’s writings as “sources of learning and understanding—hallmarks to emulate and revere.” The “Higher Law” Background of American Constitutional Law is of unique value in connecting the Western European experience—from the classical world, the Middle Ages, and the seventeenth-century thought of Coke and Locke—to the American founding. This renowned work provides a bold and accurate outline of the tradition behind the “higher law” of the United States and places in historical context the political philosophy underlying the U.S. Declaration of Independence and Constitution. This volume addresses questions such as: • Where did the idea of a “higher law” originate? • How has it been able to survive and in what transformations? • What special forms of it are of particular interest for historians and political theorists? • How was it brought to America and wrought into the American system of government? As Clinton Rossiter notes in his prefatory note, “No one can come away from reading [Higher Law] without realizing how much we in America are part of Western civilization. The men we meet in the pages of this essay—Demosthenes, Sophocles, Aristotle, Cicero, Seneca, Ulpian, Gaius, John of Salisbury, Isidore of Seville, St. Thomas Aquinas, Bracton, Fortescue, Coke, Grotius, Newton, Hooker, Pufendorf, Locke, Blackstone—all insisted that the laws by which men live can and should be the ‘embodiment of essential and unchanging justice,’ and we may salute them respectfully as founding fathers of our experiment in ordered liberty.” In this volume Corwin demonstrates how the concept of a higher law developed and was understood by the leading thinkers of the American Revolutionary period as well as how the ideal of the higher law impacted the creation of the American Constitution. Students, scholars, and general interested readers of constitutional law and political theory will find inspiration in the pages of The “Higher Law” Background of American Constitutional Law .Edward S. Corwin (1878–1963) served as the McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence at Princeton University from 1908 to 1946.

My First Seventy-Six Years


Hjalmar Schacht - 1955
    My First Seventy-Six Years: the Autobiography of Hjalmar SchachtTranslated by Diana PykeLondon: Allan Wingate: 1955

Peasants, Politics, And Economic Change In Yugoslavia


Jozo Tomasevich - 1955
    

The Secret Diary of Harold L. Ickes, Volume III: The Lowering Clouds, 1939 - 1941


Harold L. Ickes - 1955
    

Failed Utopias


Arch Puddington - 1955
    

Netaji and the CPI


Sita Ram Goel - 1955
    The readers may ask a question : Why should I dig up the past and rake up all this mud which was, perhaps, thrown about in the heat of a world war when passions ran high and the stakes were inestimable? I may assure them that the past has absolutely no interest for me if I find that the present has irrevocably turned away from it. But what I have depicted in this pamphlet does not really belong to the past.

The Socialist Party of America: A History


David A. Shannon - 1955
    There were 33 Socialist cities & towns. Socialists dominated many labor unions. What became of the American Socialist movement? This is a history covering the Socialist Party in America from its formation in 1901 to the present, with special emphasis on the period just prior to WWII.Early Socialist party: a regional surveyImmigrants, negroes, intellectuals, millionaires & ministersParty battles, 1909-13 Socialists face the war in Europe, 1914-17Making the world safe for democracy, 1917-18Socialist versus Communist, 1919From left to right, 1919-25Enter Norman ThomasSocialists & the Depression, 1929-33Socialists & the New DealLast rites & post mortemBibliographical EssayNotes Index

Concept of Rules


John Rawls - 1955