Best of
Non-Fiction

1861

Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl


Harriet Ann Jacobs - 1861
    This autobiographical account chronicles the remarkable odyssey of Harriet Jacobs (1813–1897) whose dauntless spirit and faith carried her from a life of servitude and degradation in North Carolina to liberty and reunion with her children in the North.Written and published in 1861 after Jacobs' harrowing escape from a vile and predatory master, the memoir delivers a powerful and unflinching portrayal of the abuses and hypocrisy of the master-slave relationship. Jacobs writes frankly of the horrors she suffered as a slave, her eventual escape after several unsuccessful attempts, and her seven years in self-imposed exile, hiding in a coffin-like "garret" attached to her grandmother's porch.A rare firsthand account of a courageous woman's determination and endurance, this inspirational story also represents a valuable historical record of the continuing battle for freedom and the preservation of family.

London Labour and the London Poor


Henry Mayhew - 1861
    Mayhew aimed simply to report the realities of the poor from a compassionate and practical outlook. This penetrating selection shows how well he succeeded: the underprivileged of London become extraordinarily and often shockingly alive.

Louisa Picquet, the Octoroon, or, Inside Views of Southern Domestic Life


Louisa Picquet - 1861
    As a baby, she and her mother were sold to a plantation owner in Georgia. They later moved with their master to Mobile, Alabama. When she was approximately thirteen years old, her mother was sold to Mr. Horton, who lived in Texas, and Louisa was sold to Mr. Williams in New Orleans. Louisa lived with him until his death and bore four of his seven children. After he died she was set free and moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where she married. She also began working to first contact, and then free her mother, who was still enslaved in Texas. The rest of the narrative describes her successful efforts to raise funds for this purpose throughout the north, which eventually led to a reunion between mother and daughter. As she was only one-eighth African American, much of the narrative is concerned with Louisa's whiteness and that of her mother and the other light-skinned slaves who appear in her work. Also highlighted are the many instances of sexual exploitation that Louisa, her mother, and other female slaves experienced at the hands of white men.Methodist minister and abolitionist Hiram Mattison met and interviewed Louisa Picquet in Buffalo, New York, in May 1860. He became passionate about her attempts to free her mother from slavery, but was unsuccessful in getting her cause on the agenda of a Methodist bishops' meeting. Instead, Mattison published his interview as a way of publicizing her fundraising efforts. He included his own "Conclusion and Moral," emphasizing the many instances of slave women bearing their masters' children, which he says work as "God's testimony to the deep moral pollution of the Slave States." Mattison concludes the work with somber details of slaves being burned alive as punishment. -Documenting the American South