It may seem a big claim, but knowing how to think clearly and critically has literally helped save the world. In September 1983, at the height of the Cold War, the Soviet Union's early warning system showed five US missiles heading towards the country. Stanislaw Petrov knew his duty: he was to inform Moscow that nuclear war had begun, so that they could launch an immediate and devastating response. Instead, he made a call to say the system was faulty. He'd assessed the situation and reasoned that an error was more likely than such a limited attack.  We may not have to save the planet from nuclear annihilation, of course, but our ability to think critically has never been more important. In a world where fake news, mistrust of experts, prejudice and ignorance all too often hold sway, we can all too easily be misled over issues such as vaccinations, climate change or conspiracy theories. We live in an era where access to all the knowledge in the world is at our fingertips, yet that also means misinformation and falsehoods can spread further and faster than ever before.  In The Irrational Ape, David Robert Grimes shows how we can be lured into making critical mistakes or drawing false conclusions, and how to avoid such errors. Given the power of modern science and the way that movements can unite to protest a cause via social media, we are in dangerous times. But fortunately, we can learn from our mistakes, and by critical thinking and scientific method we can discover how to apply these techniques to everything from deciding what insurance to buy to averting global disaster. This book, packed with fascinating case studies and examples, helps ensure we are ready for the modern world.

    Americans have been arguing about guns for almost two and a half centuries, and the debate is reaching fever pitch these days. The stakes are high and the issues are complex. Arguing About Guns is here to help you clearly formulate and effectively share your views about the history of guns in the U.S., the 2nd Amendment, civil rights, crime, gun laws, freedom, and the future of the United States. Don't just talk louder. Read Arguing About Guns, and make a better argument.

    It explores ideas at the brink of paradox: infinities of different sizes, time travel, probability and measure theory, computability theory, the Grandfather Paradox, Newcomb's Problem, the Principle of Countable Additivity. The goal is to present some exceptionally beautiful ideas in enough detail to enable readers to understand the ideas themselves (rather than watered-down approximations), but without supplying so much detail that they abandon the effort. The philosophical content requires a mind attuned to subtlety; the most demanding of the mathematical ideas require familiarity with college-level mathematics or mathematical proof.The book covers Cantor's revolutionary thinking about infinity, which leads to the result that some infinities are bigger than others; time travel and free will, decision theory, probability, and the Banach-Tarski Theorem, which states that it is possible to decompose a ball into a finite number of pieces and reassemble the pieces so as to get two balls that are each the same size as the original. Its investigation of computability theory leads to a proof of G�del's Incompleteness Theorem, which yields the amazing result that arithmetic is so complex that no computer could be programmed to output every arithmetical truth and no falsehood. Each chapter is followed by an appendix with answers to exercises. A list of recommended reading points readers to more advanced discussions. The book is based on a popular course (and MOOC) taught by the author at MIT.

    

    Our life journey operates from inside to outside. There is no other way. But unfortunately, modern man is entangled so deeply with the outside world that it has forgotten this ultimate truth.Buried under the load of false assumptions, today’s man is searching for solutions to all his problem outside- as if one more technological innovation, one next software develoment or one new app is going to be the solution to all his problems.But the saying, “Old is Gold”, fits apts to answer how to effectively lead our modern lives , we don't need a super-advanced technology, rather we need a time-tested philosophy with solid foundation.Here comes the role of an ancient but highly effective philosophy -- Stoicism.Despite Stoicism being an old philosophy, way beyond around 300 B.C, but the principles are timeless, rather the need of the hour for solving today’s complex problems. Yes, Stoicism is an ancient philosophy for the modern world. Do you want to know how you can cope with the modern world’s challenges through applying the principles of stoicism?THE MODERN STOIC is your blueprint to connect the ancient philosophy with the modern world and help you overcome the challenges by building mental and emotional strength and lead a life of wisdom, perseverance and joy.Here is glimpse of what you should expect in this short but practical book: 6 most important tenets of stoicism that will transform the way you look at the world outside. Understand 8 ethical but most pragmatic values and implementation thereof will help you live a highly virtuous life in current world. Learn the key benefits of how becoming a modern stoic will revolutionize your life. The practical strategies to implement the stoic values in the modern world. Most effective daily practices that will lead you towards living a life of a modern stoic. The Modern Stoic will speak to anyone who is in search of permanent solution to the outside ever-increasing challenges. This book will help you change your outlook to the outside circumstances, develop mental and emotional strength, gain more wisdom to lead a thriving life.In the words of William R. Connolly: “To avoid unhappiness, frustration, and disappointment, we, therefore, need to do two things: control those things that are within our power (namely our beliefs, judgments, desires, and attitudes) and be indifferent or apathetic to those things which are not in our power (namely, things external to us).” If you want to experience a higher level of consciousness and live a life of wisdom, perseverance and Joy in today’s world, The Modern Stoic is for you. Click On The Buy Button Above and Start Your Journey To Become A Modern Stoic

    This commitment has often meant that patients spend their last days suffering from heroic interventions that extend their life by only weeks or months. Increasingly, this approach to end-of-life care is coming under scrutiny, from a moral as well as a financial perspective. Sociologist Roi Livne documents the rise and effectiveness of hospice and palliative care, and growing acceptance of the idea that a life consumed by suffering may not be worth living.Values at the End of Life combines an in-depth historical analysis with an extensive study conducted in three hospitals, where Livne observed terminally ill patients, their families, and caregivers negotiating treatment. Livne describes the ambivalent, conflicted moments when people articulate and act on their moral intuitions about dying. Interviews with medical staff allowed him to isolate the strategies clinicians use to help families understand their options. As Livne discovered, clinicians are advancing the idea that invasive, expensive hospital procedures often compound a patient's suffering. Affluent, educated families were more readily persuaded by this moral calculus than those of less means.Once defiant of death--or even in denial--many American families and professionals in the health care system are beginning to embrace the notion that less treatment in the end may be better treatment.

    This textbook provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to topics including the objectivity of logical inference rules and its relevance in discussions of epistemological relativism, the revived interest in logical pluralism, the question of logic's metaphysical neutrality, and the demarcation between logic and mathematics. Chapters in the book cover the state of the art in contemporary philosophy of logic, and allow students to understand the philosophical relevance of these debates without having to contend with complex technical arguments. This will be a major new resource for students working on logic as well as for readers seeking a better understanding of philosophy of logic in its wider context.