Best of
Literature

1850

In Memoriam


Alfred Tennyson - 1850
    It is perhaps because of this that the poem is still popular with and of interest to modern readers. Owing to its length and its arguable breadth of focus, the poem might not be thought an elegy or a dirge in the strictest formal sense.The poem is not arranged exactly in the order in which it was written. The prologue, for example, is thought to have been one of the last things written. Critics believe, however, that the poem as a whole is meant to be chronological in terms of the progression of Tennyson's grief. The passage of time is marked by the three descriptions of Christmas at different points in the poem, and the poem ends with a description of the marriage of Tennyson's sister."In Memoriam" is written in four-line ABBA stanzas of iambic tetrameter, and such stanzas are now called In Memoriam Stanzas. Though not metrically unusual, given the length of the work, the meter creates a tonal effect which often divides readers - is it the natural sound of mourning and grief, or merely monotonous? The poem is divided into 133 cantos (including the prologue and epilogue), and in contrast to its constant and regulated metrical form, encompasses many different subjects: profound spiritual experiences, nostalgic reminiscence, philosophical speculation, Romantic fantasizing and even occasional verse. The death of Hallam, and Tennyson's attempts to cope with this, remain the strand that ties all these together.Excerpt: Strong Son of God, immortal Love,Whom we, that have not seen thy face,By faith, and faith alone, embrace,Believing where we cannot prove ;Thine are these orbs of light and shade ;Thou madest Life in man and brute ;[...]

David Copperfield


Charles Dickens - 1850
    Among the gloriously vivid cast of characters he encounters are his tyrannical stepfather, Mr Murdstone; his brilliant, but ultimately unworthy school-friend James Steerforth; his formidable aunt, Betsey Trotwood; the eternally humble, yet treacherous Uriah Heep; frivolous, enchanting Dora Spenlow; and the magnificently impecunious Wilkins Micawber, one of literature's great comic creations. In David Copperfield - the novel he described as his 'favourite child' - Dickens drew revealingly on his own experiences to create one of the most exuberant and enduringly popular works, filled with tragedy and comedy in equal measure. This edition uses the text of the first volume publication of 1850, and includes updated suggestions for further reading, original illustrations by 'Phiz', a revised chronology and expanded notes. In his new introduction, Jeremy Tambling discusses the novel's autobiographical elements, and its central themes of memory and identity.

The Man in the Iron Mask


Alexandre Dumas - 1850
    Unbeknownst to D'Artagnan, Aramis and Porthos plot to remove the inept king and place the king's twin brother on the throne of France. Meanwhile, a twenty-three-year-old prisoner known only as "Philippe" wastes away deep inside the Bastille. Forced to wear an iron mask, Phillippe has been imprisoned for eight years, has no knowledge of his true identity, and has not been told what crime he's committed. When the destinies of the king and Phillippe converge, the Three Musketeers and D'Artagnan find themselves caught between conflicting loyalties.

David Copperfield, Volume I of II


Charles Dickens - 1850
    It is a story of a young man who, born into confusion, eventually makes order of his own life -- usually despite, rather than because of, his family heritage. Perhaps the greatest of Dickens' orphans, David Copperfield is a happy child, living with his kind and gentle mother and nurse Peggotty, until his mother remarries. Unfortunately for David, his stepfather is the hard, cruel Mr. Murdstone, who brings his dark, life-crushing eminence into David's home, along with his equally cold and unyielding sister, Miss Murdstone. David's mother is powerless to stop their cruelties toward her young son -- and after one of literature's most-satisfying bites, David is sent away. After an idyllic visit with Peggotty's family at their upside-down boat house beside the sea, where David befriends dear little Em'ly, one of Dickens' most beloved characters, David is sent away to school. At school, he meets the formative friends of his life -- the ambiguous and handsome Steerforth, and the unlikely future hero, Tommy Traddles. After his frail mother's death, David once again returns home, where he makes the acquaintance of another of Dickens' great characters -- the improvident Mr. Micawber, he of many children -- loosely based on Dickens' own financially-incompetent father. After experiencing the chaos of the Micawber house, David then finds his outspoken aunt, Betsy Trotwood, and through her, meets Agnes Wickfield -- the young woman who eventually becomes his "bright star, ever pointing upward." At this point, returning to school, David encounters the oily, hand-wringing, cringing Uriah Heep -- and no one's life will be the same again.

David Copperfield, Volume II of II by Charles Dickens, Fiction, Classics, Historical


Charles Dickens - 1850
    Barkis. Along with David comes his handsome school friend Steerforth and he learns that he is no longer in Steerforth's shadow, but has become a young man of his own. Returning to London, David meets Dora Spenlow, a beautiful, but shallow young woman with whom he falls desperately in love. A sudden tragedy -- the death of Peggotty's husband Barkis -- brings David back to the seashore, where he finds his childhood friend little Em'ly about to marry the honest, loving Ham. But Em'ly falls prey to the charms of Steerforth and abandons Ham at the altar, thinking that Steerforth will -make her a lady.- But Steerforth, of course, does nothing of the sort. He abandons Em'ly, who becomes a -ruined woman.- David eventually marries Dora -- who proves to be ill-suited to the married life. Meanwhile, the treacherous Uriah Heep has been weaving his web, destroying the Strongs, Aunt Betsy, and the Micawbers through his fraud and deceit. All is put right in the end, in part from the unlikely heroism of a grown-up Tommy Traddles. Dora tragically dies. Little Em'ly is rescued and reunited with Mr. Peggotty. Ham dies tragically during a terrible storm while trying to rescue the wicked Steerforth (who, for his own part, does not end well), and after David overcomes his grief, he realizes that, all along, he has loved Agnes Wickfield best, and she, him -- and they marry -- she becomes his -bright star, ever pointing upward.- At first it may seem that Dickens' characters are too -black and white, - too obviously either good or evil, and his stories long, complex, and perhaps not immediately clear as to their plot and meaning.

Ten Years Later


Alexandre Dumas - 1850
    The book at hand is the second volume of the four volume series. Louis XIV is well past the age where he should rule, but the ailing Cardinal Mazarin refuses to relinquish the reins of power. Meanwhile, Charles II, a king without a country, travels Europe seeking aid from his fellow monarchs. Athos still resides at La Fère while his son, Raoul de Bragelonne, has entered into the service in the household of M. le Prince. As for Raoul, he has his eyes on an entirely different object than his father — his childhood companion, Louise de la Valliere, with whom he is hopelessly in love. Porthos, now a baron, is off on some mysterious mission along with Aramis, who is now the Bishop of Vannes.

Mémoires d'Outre-Tombe


François-René de Chateaubriand - 1850
    Written across different times and places, Memoirs from Beyond the Tomb tells of exotic adventures to the farthest points of the globe, of heroic battles and political struggles, and of the loneliness of a restless soul. And its startling candor—because it would be published only “from beyond the tomb”—makes it almost ridiculously enjoyable.For more than sixty-five years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,500 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.

The Prelude


William Wordsworth - 1850
    It reprints, on facing pages, the version of "The Prelude" was was completed in 1805, together with the much-revised work published after the poet's death in 1850. In addition the editors include the two-part version of the poem, composed 1798-99. Each of these poems has its distinctive qualities and values; to read them together provides an imcomparable chance to observe a great poet composing and recomposing, through a long life, his major work.

Wanderings of a Pilgrim in Search of the Picturesque


Fanny Parkes - 1850
    It includes descriptions of the Zenana and Indian domestic life--subjects that are often omitted from male-authored travel texts.