How would McGuffey teach reading if he were here today? His first concern would be that the content should promote moral growth and excellence of mind in habits, attitudes, and literary tastes. McGuffey also believed in phonics for beginning reading. McGuffey believed in memorizing as a way to develop habits of attention that promote understanding and mastery of all learning. McGuffey believed that an obvious result of a cultivated mind is a wide vocabulary. These principles produced the education that shaped American character, particularly in the West, for over one hundred years.