Henry had not always been so unpopular. The son of John of Gaunt, he was courteous, confident, well-educated, musical and spiritually fervent. In 1399, at the age of thirty-two, he was enthusiastically greeted as the saviour of the realm when he ousted from power the insecure and tyrannical King Richard II.Therein lay Henry’s weakness. By making himself King he had broken God’s law and left himself starkly open to criticism. Enemies everywhere tried to take advantage of his questionable right to the crown. Such overwhelming threats transformed him from a hero into a duplicitous murderer: a king prepared to go to any lengths to save his family and his throne.But against all the odds, what Henry achieved was to take a poorly ruled nation, establish a new Lancastrian dynasty, and introduce the principle that a king must act in accordance with Parliament. He might not have been the most glorious king England ever had, but he was one of the bravest, and certainly the greatest survivor of them all.

    They were slave soldiers, imported as boys into the Islamic Empire from the pagan Steppes, but they became its savior, bringing defeat to the Mongols and forming the machine of jihad that ultimately destroyed the Crusader Kingdoms of Palestine and Syria. They entered the Islamic world as unlettered automatons and through a total application to the craft of the warrior they became more than soldiers. After a bloody seizure of power from their masters, the descendants of Saladin, they developed a martial code and an honor system based on barracks brotherhood, a sophisticated military society that harnessed the state's energies for total war and produced a series of treatises on warfare that more than compare to SunZi's Art of War in their complexity, beauty of language and comprehensive coverage of the bloody business of war. Their story embraces many of the great themes of medieval military endeavor. The Crusaders and the deadly contest between Islam and Christendom, the Mongols and their vision of World Dominion, Tamerlane the Scourge of God and the rise of the Ottoman Empire whose new slave soldiers, the Janissaries, would be the Mamluks' final nemesis.

    Janet Kennedy was the partner of at least four men, which was completely typical at the time. However, she was not typical in that she was married to the Chancellor, Archibald, Earl of Angus, and then became the mistress of James IV. Three of her partners were killed at Flodden, as were her brother and brother-in-law.The medieval concept of marriage is different to what marriage means today, and Janet Kennedy's life enables a fascinating discussion of this concept, along with an analysis of secondary themes including religion, litigation, landholding, material possessions and the complicated inter-relationships of the members of James IV's court. Although all the primary sources from this era are written by men, this book aims to describe how women really spent their lives.Ishbel Barnes looks at medieval Scotland from a contemporary woman's perspective in order to write about the fifty percent of the population that is largely ignored or under-discussed in histories of this period.

    Its broad acres has had more than its fair share of highprofile murders, especially though not exclusively in its burgeoning urban centres. Now there is a reference work to bring together most of the principal murders, from the mid-eighteenth century when Dick Turpin went to the York gallows, through to the end of hanging in 1964.In a time-span of two centuries, Yorkshire has witnessed a range of tragic narratives including husbands killing their wives, homicidal attacks in the night alleys and courts, gangs at work looking for vulnerable victims on dark streets and country lanes.Many of these tales are from the countryside too. Revenge and jealousy on and around farms, clashes between poachers and gamekeepers and shootings in rolling hills and valleys.Other factors in the social scene are also recounted, including legal and historical features, definitions, explanations, even short accounts of lives of murderers and of course the enigmatic hangmen.STEPHEN WADE specialises in writing criminal and military history. He hasauthored several volumes in Wharncliffes Foul Deeds Series as well as Unsolved Yorkshire Murders. He teaches courses in crime writing and crime history at the University of Hull and also works as a writer in prisons.